{"id":102578,"date":"2026-08-17T17:28:49","date_gmt":"2026-08-17T11:58:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=102578"},"modified":"2026-08-19T13:15:08","modified_gmt":"2026-08-19T07:45:08","slug":"article-24-of-the-ilo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-24-of-the-ilo\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 24 of the ILO, Key Aspects, Importance, Limitations"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tea plantation workers in West Bengal, represented by Paschim Banga Cha Majoor Samity, have petitioned the International Labour Organization (ILO) under Article 24, alleging systemic labor rights violations, including starvation deaths, severe malnutrition, lack of minimum wage, discrimination against women and Adivasi workers, and lack of compliance with labor standards.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>About Article 24 of the ILO<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 24 of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/international-labour-organisation-ilo\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>International Labour Organization (ILO)<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> enables industrial associations of employers or workers to file a representation against any member state that has failed to secure the effective observance of a ratified ILO convention within its jurisdiction. It is an important supervisory mechanism that helps monitor compliance with international labour standards.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Key Aspects of Article 24 of the ILO Constitution<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Purpose<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The main purpose of Article 24 is to hold member states accountable for failing to implement international labour conventions that they have voluntarily ratified.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Who Can File a Representation?<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Only workers\u2019 organisations or employers\u2019 organisations, such as trade unions and employer federations, can file a representation under Article 24. Individual citizens cannot directly file complaints before the ILO under this provision.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Scope<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Article 24 applies only to conventions that have already been ratified by the concerned member state. The complaint must relate to failure in implementing those conventions.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>India has ratified six of the ten core or fundamental conventions of the International Labour Organization.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> These include important conventions such as the Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957 (No. 105), the Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951 (No. 100), and the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182), along with other conventions related to labour rights, non-discrimination, and child protection.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Procedure<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The representation is submitted before the ILO Governing Body. If the complaint is considered admissible, a three-member tripartite committee consisting of representatives of governments, employers, and workers may be formed to examine the issue and the response of the concerned government.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Outcome<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The committee submits a report containing its findings and recommendations to the Governing Body. The recommendations may suggest legal, administrative, or policy reforms for improving compliance with labour standards.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Further Action<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: If the government fails to take corrective measures, the issue may be further examined by the Committee of Experts or may escalate into a complaint under Article 26 of the ILO Constitution.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Article 25 of the ILO Constitution<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 25 of the ILO complements Article 24 by allowing the ILO to publish the representation and the government\u2019s response if the explanation provided is considered unsatisfactory.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although the ILO cannot impose economic sanctions, publication of such reports creates international moral and diplomatic pressure on governments. This process is often referred to as \u201cnaming and shaming\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Allegations Raised in the Recent Representation: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Paschim Banga Cha Majoor Samity alleged systemic labour rights violations in tea plantations of West Bengal. The union highlighted issues such as:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Starvation deaths and severe malnutrition among workers &#8211; nearly 20,000 tea plantation workers found that around 44 percent of workers had a Body Mass Index below 17.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Non-payment of wages and pending provident fund dues,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Absence of proper minimum wages,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Discrimination against women workers,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exploitation of Adivasi and tribal communities,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Weak labour law enforcement and ineffective inspection systems.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The union urged the ILO to hold the government accountable for failing to implement ratified labour conventions related to forced labour, equal remuneration, non-discrimination, and protection of indigenous populations.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Importance of Article 24 of the ILO\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 24 is important because it strengthens international labour governance and promotes accountability.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It gives workers\u2019 and employers\u2019 organisations an international platform to raise labour rights concerns.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It encourages governments to improve labour law implementation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It increases transparency and international scrutiny regarding labour conditions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It promotes protection of workers\u2019 rights and social justice.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Limitations of Article 24 of the ILO\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite its importance, the mechanism has certain limitations.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The ILO cannot directly impose penalties or economic sanctions on member states.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Its effectiveness largely depends on moral pressure and international scrutiny.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Governments may delay implementation of recommendations due to political or administrative reasons.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; 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height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-29-and-30-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 29 &amp; 30 of Indian Constitution <\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-15-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 15 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-4-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 4 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-85-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 85 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-27-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 27 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-238-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 238 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-312-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 312 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-137-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 137 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-118-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 118 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-353-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 353 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-111-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 111 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-113-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 113 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-76-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 76 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-44-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 44 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-50-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 50 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-295-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 295 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-194-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 194 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-39-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 39 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-191-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 191 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-20-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 20 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-16-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 16 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-67-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 67 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-40-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 40 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 0px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 113.938%; height: 10px; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-78-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 78 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Article 24 of ILO allows workers and employers to report labour rights violations by member states. Know its meaning, process, importance, and limitations.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":102569,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[786],"tags":[7426],"class_list":["post-102578","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-general-studies","tag-article-24-of-the-ilo","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102578","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=102578"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102578\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":119992,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/102578\/revisions\/119992"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/102569"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=102578"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=102578"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=102578"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}