{"id":10319,"date":"2023-04-29T07:32:32","date_gmt":"2023-04-29T02:02:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=10319"},"modified":"2025-03-29T19:32:57","modified_gmt":"2025-03-29T14:02:57","slug":"what-is-the-bacillus-calmetteguerin-bcg-vaccine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/what-is-the-bacillus-calmetteguerin-bcg-vaccine\/","title":{"rendered":"What is the Bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin (BCG) Vaccine?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>About Bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin (BCG) Vaccine:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a <strong>vaccine for tuberculosis (TB)<\/strong> disease.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>The vaccine was <strong>developed by Calmette and Guerin<\/strong> and was <strong>first administered<\/strong> to <strong>human beings in 1921.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It is the most <strong>widely administered vaccine<\/strong> and is usually a <strong>part of the routine newborn immunization schedule.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>BCG vaccine <strong>also offers protection against non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections<\/strong> like leprosy and Buruli ulcer.<\/li>\n<li>It is often <strong>given to infants and small children.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It is <strong>rarely given to anyone over the age of 16 <\/strong>because there is little evidence it works very well in adults.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Key facts about Tuberculosis (TB):<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Tuberculosis (TB) is <strong>caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/strong>)that most often affect the lungs.<\/li>\n<li>It is <strong>curable and preventable disease<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Two kinds <\/strong>of tuberculosis infection:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Latent TB-<\/strong> The bacteria remain in the body in an inactive state. They cause no symptoms and are not contagious, but they can become active.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Active TB<\/strong> &#8211; The bacteria do cause symptoms and can be transmitted to others. About one-quarter of the world&#8217;s population has latent TB.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>People infected with TB bacteria have a 5\u201315% lifetime risk of falling ill with TB.<\/li>\n<li>However, persons with compromised immune systems, such as people living with HIV, malnutrition or diabetes, or people who use tobacco, have a much higher risk of falling ill.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transmission:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>TB is spread from person to person <strong>through the air<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>When people with lung TB <strong>cough, sneeze or spit<\/strong>, they propel the TB germs into the air.<\/li>\n<li>Even after inhaling a few drops of these germ, a person can get infected.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1)\u00a0What is leprosy?<\/h3>\n<p>Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by a type of bacteria, Mycobacterium leprae. The disease predominantly affects the skin and peripheral nerves. Left untreated, the disease may cause progressive and permanent disabilities.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/health\/does-bcg-vaccine-work-for-covid-19-infection\/article66784693.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Why It Matters | Does the BCG vaccine prevent Covid-19? No, says study.<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>BCG is a vaccine for tuberculosis (TB) disease developed by Calmette and Guerin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":10320,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-10319","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10319","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10319"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10319\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10320"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10319"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10319"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10319"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}