{"id":108163,"date":"2026-06-14T13:18:42","date_gmt":"2026-06-14T07:48:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=108163"},"modified":"2026-06-14T16:31:52","modified_gmt":"2026-06-14T11:01:52","slug":"jiangmen-underground-neutrino-observatory-juno","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/jiangmen-underground-neutrino-observatory-juno\/","title":{"rendered":"Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><b>Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) Latest News<\/b><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) collaboration in China recently published its first results, including measurements on how often particles called neutrinos from nuclear reactors change their flavour, or type, as they travel. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>About Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO)<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is a large <\/span><b>underground neutrino detector<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> located near the city of Kaiping in the southern Guangdong province of <\/span><b>China<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is the product of an<\/span><b> international collaboration <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">involving <\/span><b>74 institutions from Asia,<\/b> <b>Europe, and America, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and has some 700 members.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is <\/span><b>led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">via the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP).\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is the <\/span><b>second neutrino experiment in China, after <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the <\/span><b>Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is located<\/span><b> 53 km from two nuclear power plants <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in <\/span><b>Taishan and Yangjiang.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The primary JUNO scientific <\/span><b>goal <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is the <\/span><b>determination of the neutrino mass ordering (NMO).\u00a0<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This can be <\/span><b>inferred by measuring<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the <\/span><b>oscillation pattern of electron anti-neutrinos emitted by nuclear power plants.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To do this, the facility has an 80 m high and 50 m diameter <\/span><b>experimental hall <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">located 700 m <\/span><b>underground<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Its main feature is a <\/span><b>35 m radius spherical <a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/what-are-neutrinos\/\" target=\"_blank\">neutrino<\/a> detector,<\/b> <b>containing 20,000 tonnes of liquid scintillator.\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is the <\/span><b>world&#8217;s largest and highest-precision liquid scintillator detector.\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Juno is designed to have a scientific <\/span><b>lifespan <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of up to <\/span><b>30 years.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">JUNO is also<\/span><b> one of three next-generation neutrino experiments,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the other two being the <\/span><b>Hyper-Kamiokande in Japan <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and the <\/span><b>Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment in the US.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>What are Neutrinos?<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neutrinos, often called &#8216;<\/span><b>ghost particles&#8217;<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, are <\/span><b>elementary particles<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that belong to the <\/span><b>lepton family <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of particles.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since neutrinos have <\/span><b>very little interaction with matter<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, their<\/span><b> detection is very difficult.\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They have <\/span><b>no electrical charge<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and have a<\/span><b> very small mass<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (less than one millionth of the mass of the electron), and their <\/span><b>speed <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is<\/span><b> nearly equal to the speed of light. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">First predicted in 1930, they weren\u2019t <\/span><b>discovered <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">in experiments until <\/span><b>1956<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Of the four fundamental forces in the universe<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, neutrinos only <\/span><b>interact with two<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2014 <\/span><b>gravity and the weak force.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Source<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Neutrinos come from<\/span><b> all kinds<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of different sources and are <\/span><b>often the product of heavy particles turning into lighter one<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">s, a process called \u201c<\/span><b>decay<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They are the<\/span><b> most common particles in the universe.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Approximately 100 trillion neutrinos pass completely harmlessly through your body every second.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neutrinos play crucial roles in the standard model of particle physics, in stellar physics and black holes, and even in cosmology and the nature of the Big Bang.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>News<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_delhi\/issues\/189264\/OPS\/GDHG42BAV.1+GT2G443MK.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">TH<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large underground neutrino detector in Guangdong, China. Read more about Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), News<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":108186,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[8126,21,22,23],"class_list":{"0":"post-108163","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"tag-jiangmen-underground-neutrino-observatory-juno","9":"tag-prelims-pointers","10":"tag-upsc-current-affairs","11":"tag-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","12":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=108163"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108163\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":108185,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108163\/revisions\/108185"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/108186"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=108163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=108163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=108163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}