{"id":11194,"date":"2026-09-12T14:41:55","date_gmt":"2026-09-12T09:11:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=11194"},"modified":"2026-09-14T15:56:20","modified_gmt":"2026-09-14T10:26:20","slug":"thirukkural","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/thirukkural\/","title":{"rendered":"Thirukkural"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><b>Thirukkural Latest News<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recently, the Prime Minister of India gifted the Russian President a translated version of the traditional Tamil text Thirukkural during their bilateral meeting.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>About Thirukkural<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is authored by the <\/span><b>poet-philosopher Thiruvalluvar<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (also known as \u201cValluvar\u201d).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is considered a seminal work <\/span><b>of ancient Tamil literature and philosophy and <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">regarded as an <\/span><b>influential work on ethics.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was composed more than two millennia ago (between 300 BCE and 500 BCE).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thirukkural, which translates to <\/span><b>\u201csacred verses\u201d or \u201csacred couplets\u201d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in English, consists of <\/span><b>1,330 stanzas or couplets<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, each of <\/span><b>seven<\/b> <b>words called \u201ckurals\u201d.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These are arranged into <\/span><b>133 chapters, each containing 10 couplets.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is divided into three books<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>The Book of Virtue (Dharma): <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It deals <\/span><b>with morality<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (aram) and values of an individual. It has 38 chapters.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>The Book of Polity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: It is filled with <\/span><b>teachings regarding materialism<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (porul) and socio-economic values. This has 70 chapters.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>The Book of Love:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It has detailed teachings of love (inbam). It has 25 chapters.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Themes of Thirukkural<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It <\/span><b>emphasises moral conduct<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and speaks of the realities of human life.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thiruvalluvar discouraged divisions based on religion, caste, creed, and race. Instead, he asserted that morality and kindness are indispensable for a meaningful human life.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thiruvalluvar warned that <\/span><b>a life devoid of morality leads to misery,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as individuals become dominated by jealousy, greed, wrath, and harshness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To elevate human life and social well-being, he outlines certain virtues, such <\/span><b>as spirituality, charity, and love.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The concept of God, delineated in the very first chapter titled Kadavul Vazhthu (The Praise of God), is distinctive.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For him, <\/span><b>God is \u201cpure intelligence\u201d and omniscient<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and embodies wisdom, compassion, morality, and love.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The topic of love (inbam) is categorised in two forms: <\/span><b>Kalaviyal and Karpiyal<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><b>Kalaviyal <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">refers to <\/span><b>pre-marital love<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and is subsequently tied to marriage without any ceremony, whereas <\/span><b>Karpiyal <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">refers to <\/span><b>traditional marital love.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His verses portray love not just as <\/span><b>passion but as a source of tranquil joy.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Source: <\/b><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-culture\/tirukkural-modi-putin-gift-tamil-text-literature-philosophy-10873867\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">IE<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Thirukkural is authored by the poet-philosopher Thiruvalluvar (also known as \u201cValluvar\u201d). Read more about Thirukkural, His Work, Themes, Latest News.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":124192,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[21,10210,22,23],"class_list":["post-11194","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","tag-prelims-pointers","tag-thirukkural","tag-upsc-current-affairs","tag-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11194","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11194"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11194\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":124236,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11194\/revisions\/124236"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/124192"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11194"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11194"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11194"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}