{"id":116508,"date":"2026-08-01T14:55:37","date_gmt":"2026-08-01T09:25:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=116508"},"modified":"2026-08-01T14:55:37","modified_gmt":"2026-08-01T09:25:37","slug":"article-145-of-indian-constitution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-145-of-indian-constitution\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 145 of Indian Constitution, Rules of Supreme Court"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Article 145 of the Indian Constitution<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> empowers the <\/span><b>Supreme Court of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to frame rules governing its <\/span><b>practice and procedure<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. These rules help ensure the efficient, transparent, and uniform functioning of the country&#8217;s highest court. The rules made under this Article are subject to <\/span><b>laws enacted by Parliament<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and require the <\/span><b>approval of the President of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Article 145 of Indian Constitution<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><b>Article 145<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a constitutional provision that grants the Supreme Court the authority to regulate its own judicial procedures and court administration. It lays down the framework for matters such as appeals, review petitions, court proceedings, and the constitution of benches. The Article plays a vital role in maintaining the <\/span><b>independence, consistency, and effective administration of justice<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in India.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Constitutional Provisions Under Article 145<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 145 contains provisions related to the Supreme Court\u2019s authority to make rules regarding its functioning. The key provisions include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 145(1):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/supreme-court-of-india\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Supreme Court<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can make rules regulating its practice and procedure with the approval of the President.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 145(1)(a) to (e):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The rules may cover various matters, including:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Procedure for hearing appeals and petitions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rules related to advocates and persons appearing before the Court.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conditions for filing review petitions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Procedures for enforcement of Fundamental Rights under Article 32.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Matters related to court fees, costs, and other proceedings.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 145(2):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The Supreme Court can decide the number of judges required to hear cases and regulate the composition of benches.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 145(3):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It provides for the formation of a <\/span><b>Constitution Bench<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> when a case involves a substantial question of law related to the interpretation of the Constitution.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 145(4):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Judgments of the Supreme Court must be delivered in open court.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Article 145(5):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A judgment or opinion of the Supreme Court requires the support of the majority of judges hearing the case.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Power of Supreme Court to Make Rules Under Article 145<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Under <\/span><b>Article 145<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the <\/span><b>Supreme Court of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has the constitutional authority to frame rules governing its <\/span><b>practice and procedure<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, ensuring the efficient and independent functioning of the country&#8217;s highest court.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Frames Court Procedures:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Makes rules for filing, hearing, and disposal of cases before the Supreme Court.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Regulates Appeals and Petitions:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Prescribes procedures for <\/span><b>civil appeals<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>criminal appeals<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>special leave petitions (SLPs)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and writ petitions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Governs Review Proceedings:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Establishes the process for filing and deciding <\/span><b>review petitions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> against Supreme Court judgments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Regulates Appearance of Advocates:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Lays down rules for <\/span><b>advocates and parties<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> appearing before the Supreme Court.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Constitutes Benches:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Provides rules for the <\/span><b>constitution and functioning of different benches<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, including Constitution Benches.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Subject to Parliamentary Law:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The rules must be <\/span><b>consistent with laws made by Parliament<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and require the <\/span><b>approval of the <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/president-of-india\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>President of India<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> before coming into effect.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Article 145(3) and Constitution Bench of Supreme Court<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article <\/span><b>145(3)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Indian Constitution mandates that cases involving a <\/span><b>substantial question of law<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> related to the <\/span><b>interpretation of the Constitution<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> must be heard by a <\/span><b>Constitution Bench<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Supreme Court.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Minimum Five Judges:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A Constitution Bench must consist of <\/span><b>at least five judges<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Supreme Court.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Constitutional Interpretation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It hears cases involving significant questions about the <\/span><b>interpretation of constitutional provisions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Landmark Cases:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Important matters relating to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/fundamental-rights-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Fundamental Rights<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/centre-state-relations\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Centre-State relations<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, constitutional amendments, and powers of constitutional authorities are decided by Constitution Benches.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Binding Decisions:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Judgments delivered by a Constitution Bench serve as <\/span><b>binding precedents<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for all courts in India under <\/span><b>Article 141<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Judicial Consistency:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It ensures <\/span><b>uniform interpretation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Constitution and resolves conflicting legal views in earlier judgments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Protection of Constitutional Values:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Constitution Benches uphold the <\/span><b>rule of law<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>judicial independence<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and the <\/span><b>basic structure<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Constitution.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Importance of Article 145 in Indian Judiciary<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 145 plays a crucial role in maintaining the effective functioning and independence of the Supreme Court. Its importance includes:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ensures Judicial Independence:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Allows the Supreme Court to regulate its own procedures without external interference.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Maintains Uniform Procedures:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Provides a standard framework for handling cases and judicial proceedings.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Strengthens Constitutional Interpretation:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Through Constitution Benches, it enables detailed examination of important constitutional issues.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Improves Judicial Efficiency:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Clear procedural rules help in faster and systematic disposal of cases.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Protects <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/rule-of-law\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Rule of Law<\/b><\/a><b>:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ensures that constitutional matters are decided through proper judicial processes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Article 145 of Indian Constitution empowers the Supreme Court to frame rules for its practice, procedure, bench constitution, appeals, reviews and judicial proceedings.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":116315,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[786],"tags":[9156,5560,1934],"class_list":["post-116508","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-general-studies","tag-article-145-of-indian-constitution","tag-constitution","tag-indian-constitution","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116508","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=116508"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116508\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":116509,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/116508\/revisions\/116509"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/116315"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=116508"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=116508"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=116508"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}