{"id":119639,"date":"2026-08-17T18:38:34","date_gmt":"2026-08-17T13:08:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=119639"},"modified":"2026-08-17T18:38:34","modified_gmt":"2026-08-17T13:08:34","slug":"upsc-daily-quiz-17-august-2026","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/upsc-daily-quiz-17-august-2026\/","title":{"rendered":"UPSC Daily Quiz 17 August 2026"},"content":{"rendered":"        <div class=\"wpProQuiz_content\" id=\"wpProQuiz_233\">\n            <h2>UPSC Daily Quiz 17 August 2026<\/h2>        <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_time_limit\">\n            <div class=\"time\">Time limit: <span>0<\/span><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_progress\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_checkPage\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <h4 class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Quiz-summary<\/h4>\n\n            <p>\n                <span>0<\/span> of 10 questions completed            <\/p>\n\n            <p>Questions:<\/p>\n\n            <div style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_box\">\n                <ol>\n                                            <li>1<\/li>\n                                            <li>2<\/li>\n                                            <li>3<\/li>\n                                            <li>4<\/li>\n                                            <li>5<\/li>\n                                            <li>6<\/li>\n                                            <li>7<\/li>\n                                            <li>8<\/li>\n                                            <li>9<\/li>\n                                            <li>10<\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n\n            \n            <input type=\"button\" name=\"endQuizSummary\" value=\"Finish quiz\"\n                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button\">\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_infopage\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <h4>Information<\/h4>\n\n            \n            <input type=\"button\" name=\"endInfopage\" value=\"Finish quiz\"\n                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button\">\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_text\">\n            <p>\n                <p>Vajiram &amp; Ravi\u2019s Daily UPSC Quiz is designed to help aspirants strengthen their preparation by focusing on current affairs and concepts from the UPSC Syllabus 2026 for both Prelims &amp; Mains. It allows candidates to revise important topics while regularly assessing their understanding and progress. Practicing these quizzes daily can improve accuracy, speed, and problem-solving skills. This consistent practice also enhances confidence in tackling exam-level questions. Overall, it is a valuable tool for both UPSC Prelims preparation and Mains revision.<\/p>\n            <\/p>\n\n            \n            <div>\n                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_button\" type=\"button\" value=\"Start quiz\"\n                       name=\"startQuiz\">\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_lock\">\n            <p>\n                You have already completed the quiz before. Hence you can not start it again.            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_loadQuiz\">\n            <p>\n                Quiz is loading...            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_startOnlyRegisteredUser\">\n            <p>\n                You must sign in or sign up to start the quiz.            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_prerequisite\">\n            <p>\n                You have to finish following quiz, to start this quiz:                <span><\/span>\n            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_results\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"wpProQuiz_addToplist\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Your result has been entered into leaderboard<\/span>\n\n            <div style=\"margin-top: 6px;\">\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_addToplistMessage\" style=\"display: none;\">Loading<\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_addBox\">\n                    <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label>\n                                Name: <input type=\"text\" placeholder=\"Name\" name=\"wpProQuiz_toplistName\" maxlength=\"15\" size=\"16\"\n                                                                            style=\"width: 150px;\">\n                            <\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label>\n                                E-Mail: <input type=\"email\"\n                                                                              placeholder=\"E-Mail\"\n                                                                              name=\"wpProQuiz_toplistEmail\" size=\"20\"\n                                                                              style=\"width: 150px;\">\n                            <\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n                        <div style=\"margin-top: 5px;\">\n                            <label>\n                                Captcha: <input type=\"text\" name=\"wpProQuiz_captcha\"\n                                                                               size=\"8\" style=\"width: 50px;\">\n                            <\/label>\n                            <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"wpProQuiz_captchaPrefix\" value=\"0\">\n                            <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"captcha\" src=\"\" class=\"wpProQuiz_captchaImg\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\">\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <input class=\"wpProQuiz_button2\" type=\"submit\" value=\"Send\"\n                           name=\"wpProQuiz_toplistAdd\">\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_results_content\">\n                <h4 class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Results<\/h4>\n                                    <p>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_correct_answer\">0<\/span> of <span>10<\/span> questions answered correctly                    <\/p>\n                                    <p class=\"wpProQuiz_quiz_time\">\n                        Your time: <span><\/span>                    <\/p>\n                                <p class=\"wpProQuiz_time_limit_expired\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                    Time has elapsed                <\/p>\n                                    <p class=\"wpProQuiz_points\">\n                        You have reached <span>0<\/span> of <span>0<\/span> points, (<span>0<\/span>)                    <\/p>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_resultTable\">\n                        <table>\n                            <tbody>\n                            <tr>\n                                <td class=\"wpProQuiz_resultName\">Average score<\/td>\n                                <td class=\"wpProQuiz_resultValue\">\n                                    <div style=\"background-color: #6CA54C;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n                                    <span>&nbsp;<\/span>\n                                <\/td>\n                            <\/tr>\n                            <tr>\n                                <td class=\"wpProQuiz_resultName\">Your score<\/td>\n                                <td class=\"wpProQuiz_resultValue\">\n                                    <div style=\"background-color: #F79646;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n                                    <span>&nbsp;<\/span>\n                                <\/td>\n                            <\/tr>\n                            <\/tbody>\n                        <\/table>\n                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_catOverview\" style=\"display:none;\">\n                    <h4>Categories<\/h4>\n\n                    <div style=\"margin-top: 10px;\">\n                        <ol>\n                                                            <li data-category_id=\"0\">\n                                    <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catName\">Not categorized<\/span>\n                                    <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catPercent\">0%<\/span>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                    <\/ol>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                <div>\n                    <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_resultsList\">\n                                                    <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div>\n                                                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/li>\n                                            <\/ul>\n                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"margin: 10px 0px;\">\n                                            <input class=\"wpProQuiz_button\" type=\"button\" name=\"restartQuiz\"\n                               value=\"Restart quiz\">\n                                            <input class=\"wpProQuiz_button\" type=\"button\" name=\"reShowQuestion\"\n                               value=\"View questions\">\n                                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_button\" type=\"button\" name=\"showToplist\"\n                               value=\"Show leaderboard\">\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_toplistShowInButton\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                    <div style=\"margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 10px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_toplist\"\n             data-quiz_id=\"233\">\n                        <table class=\"wpProQuiz_toplistTable\">\n                <caption>maximum of 10 points<\/caption>\n                <thead>\n                <tr>\n                    <th style=\"width: 40px;\">Pos.<\/th>\n                    <th style=\"text-align: left !important;\">Name<\/th>\n                    <th style=\"width: 140px;\">Entered on<\/th>\n                    <th style=\"width: 60px;\">Points<\/th>\n                    <th style=\"width: 75px;\">Result<\/th>\n                <\/tr>\n                <\/thead>\n                <tbody>\n                <tr>\n                    <td colspan=\"5\">Table is loading<\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n                <tr style=\"display: none;\">\n                    <td colspan=\"5\">No data available<\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n                <tr style=\"display: none;\">\n                    <td><\/td>\n                    <td style=\"text-align: left !important;\"><\/td>\n                    <td style=\" color: rgb(124, 124, 124); font-size: x-small;\"><\/td>\n                    <td><\/td>\n                    <td><\/td>\n                <\/tr>\n                <\/tbody>\n            <\/table>\n        <\/div>\n\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewDiv\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewQuestion\">\n                <ol>\n                                            <li>1<\/li>\n                                            <li>2<\/li>\n                                            <li>3<\/li>\n                                            <li>4<\/li>\n                                            <li>5<\/li>\n                                            <li>6<\/li>\n                                            <li>7<\/li>\n                                            <li>8<\/li>\n                                            <li>9<\/li>\n                                            <li>10<\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewLegend\">\n                <ol>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #6CA54C;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">Answered<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #FFB800;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">Review<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_quizAnker\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_quiz\">\n            <ol class=\"wpProQuiz_list\">\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>1<\/span> of <span>10<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: inline-block;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>1<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                                                    <span style=\"font-weight: bold; float: right;\">1 points<\/span>\n                            <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <p>Consider the following statements regarding the New Development Bank (NDB), recently seen in the news:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>It is a multilateral development bank established by the BRICS countries.<\/li>\n<li>It is headquartered in Moscow, Russia.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"2314\"\n                                data-type=\"single\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2314\"\n                                                       value=\"1\"> a. 1 only                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2314\"\n                                                       value=\"2\"> b. 2 only                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2314\"\n                                                       value=\"3\"> c. Both 1 and 2                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2314\"\n                                                       value=\"4\"> d. Neither 1 nor 2                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Iran will soon join the New Development Bank, the development lender established by the BRICS group \u200bof nations, central bank governor Abdolnaser Hemmati said in a state \u200cmedia report published recently ahead of a BRICS finance meeting in India.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About New Development Bank (NDB):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The New Development Bank (NDB), formerly known as the <strong>BRICS Development Bank,<\/strong> is a <strong>multilateral development bank <\/strong>established by <strong>Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Objective<\/strong>: NDB aims to <strong>mobilize resources<\/strong> for infrastructure and sustainable <strong>development projects in BRICS countries and other emerging economies <\/strong>and <strong>developing countries.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The <strong>agreement <\/strong>for establishing the NDB was <strong>signed <\/strong>during the BRICS Summit held in <strong>Fortaleza, Brazil, <\/strong>on July 15, <strong>2014<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The bank<strong> became operational in 2015<\/strong> and is <strong>headquartered <\/strong>in <strong>Shanghai, China, <\/strong>with a regional office in Johannesburg and additional offices later opened in S\u00e3o Paulo and Moscow.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Membership <\/strong>in NDB is <strong>open to any member of the United Nations.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>NDB\u2019s <strong>key areas <\/strong>of operation include <strong>clean energy <\/strong>and energy efficiency; <strong>transport infrastructure; water and sanitation; environmental protection;<\/strong> social infrastructure; and digital infrastructure.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Capital<\/strong>: Its <strong>founding capital<\/strong> was set at <strong>USD 100 billion, <\/strong>with <strong>initial subscribed capital <\/strong>of <strong>USD 50 billion divided equally<\/strong> among the <strong>five founding members.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Governance Structure:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Both the presidency and vice-presidency <\/strong>of the NDB are r<strong>otated among BRICS founding members.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Unlike in the case of the World Bank or Asian Development Bank (ADB), <strong>each member in the NDB <\/strong>has an <strong>equal voting power.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hence only statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/iran-join-brics-development-bank-soon-central-bank-governor-says-2026-08-12\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/iran-join-brics-development-bank-soon-central-bank-governor-says-2026-08-12\/<\/a><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Iran will soon join the New Development Bank, the development lender established by the BRICS group \u200bof nations, central bank governor Abdolnaser Hemmati said in a state \u200cmedia report published recently ahead of a BRICS finance meeting in India.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About New Development Bank (NDB):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The New Development Bank (NDB), formerly known as the <strong>BRICS Development Bank,<\/strong> is a <strong>multilateral development bank <\/strong>established by <strong>Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Objective<\/strong>: NDB aims to <strong>mobilize resources<\/strong> for infrastructure and sustainable <strong>development projects in BRICS countries and other emerging economies <\/strong>and <strong>developing countries.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The <strong>agreement <\/strong>for establishing the NDB was <strong>signed <\/strong>during the BRICS Summit held in <strong>Fortaleza, Brazil, <\/strong>on July 15, <strong>2014<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The bank<strong> became operational in 2015<\/strong> and is <strong>headquartered <\/strong>in <strong>Shanghai, China, <\/strong>with a regional office in Johannesburg and additional offices later opened in S\u00e3o Paulo and Moscow.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Membership <\/strong>in NDB is <strong>open to any member of the United Nations.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>NDB\u2019s <strong>key areas <\/strong>of operation include <strong>clean energy <\/strong>and energy efficiency; <strong>transport infrastructure; water and sanitation; environmental protection;<\/strong> social infrastructure; and digital infrastructure.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Capital<\/strong>: Its <strong>founding capital<\/strong> was set at <strong>USD 100 billion, <\/strong>with <strong>initial subscribed capital <\/strong>of <strong>USD 50 billion divided equally<\/strong> among the <strong>five founding members.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Governance Structure:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Both the presidency and vice-presidency <\/strong>of the NDB are r<strong>otated among BRICS founding members.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Unlike in the case of the World Bank or Asian Development Bank (ADB), <strong>each member in the NDB <\/strong>has an <strong>equal voting power.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hence only statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/iran-join-brics-development-bank-soon-central-bank-governor-says-2026-08-12\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/iran-join-brics-development-bank-soon-central-bank-governor-says-2026-08-12\/<\/a><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                                                    <div style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>2<\/span> of <span>10<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: inline-block;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>2<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                                                    <span style=\"font-weight: bold; float: right;\">1 points<\/span>\n                            <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <p>The Mahadayi River originates in which geographical region?<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"2315\"\n                                data-type=\"single\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2315\"\n                                                       value=\"1\"> a. Vindhya Range                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2315\"\n                                                       value=\"2\"> b. Eastern Ghats                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2315\"\n                                                       value=\"3\"> c. Western Ghats                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2315\"\n                                                       value=\"4\"> d. Aravalli Range                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>There is no proposal before the Union government from Karnataka seeking an Environmental Clearance (EC) for the diversion of the Mahadayi River for various projects, the Centre recently told the Lok Sabha.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About Mahadayi River:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The Mahadayi River, also known as the <strong>Mandovi <\/strong>or <strong>Mhadei River,<\/strong> is a <strong>rain-fed river <\/strong>shared between <strong>Karnataka and Goa. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Course<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>It <strong>originates <\/strong>from the <strong>Bhimgad Forest <\/strong>in the <strong>Western Ghats<\/strong>, located in the Belagavi district of <strong>Karnataka<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>It <strong>flows westward <\/strong>to<strong> join the Arabian Sea<\/strong> at <strong>Panaji, Goa.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Total Length<\/strong>: It flows for nearly <strong>81 km<\/strong>, 29 km in Karnataka and <strong>52 km in Goa. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Its basin is <strong>crucial for Goa\u2019s water needs, <\/strong>covering much of North Goa.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Panaji<\/strong>, the <strong>state capital, <\/strong>and the <strong>town of Old Goa <\/strong>are situated on the<strong> left bank <\/strong>of the Mandovi River.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Near the town of Old Goa<\/strong>, there are <strong>three large freshwater islands, Divar, Chorao,<\/strong> and <strong>Vashee, <\/strong>in the Mandovi River. The<strong> island of Chorao houses Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It has several <strong>tributaries<\/strong>, namely <strong>Rogaro<\/strong>, <strong>Kushavati<\/strong>, Nanorem, Nanuz, Valvota, and Mapusa.<\/li>\n<li>The river is central to a <strong>decades-long dispute between Karnataka and Goa<\/strong>, primarily over <strong>Karnataka\u2019s plans <\/strong>to <strong>divert water from the Kalasa and Bhandura tributaries to the Malaprabha basin<\/strong> for drinking water needs.<\/li>\n<li>The Mahadayi Water Disputes Tribunal (MWDT) in 2018 allocated 13.42 tmc (380 Mcum) of water to Karnataka, including permissions for limited diversion from the Kalasa (1.72 tmc) and Bhandura (2.18 tmc) streams.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hence option c is the correct answer.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News<\/strong>:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/karnataka\/no-proposal-for-environmental-clearance-pending-for-mahadayi-centre\/article71346022.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/karnataka\/no-proposal-for-environmental-clearance-pending-for-mahadayi-centre\/article71346022.ece<\/a><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>There is no proposal before the Union government from Karnataka seeking an Environmental Clearance (EC) for the diversion of the Mahadayi River for various projects, the Centre recently told the Lok Sabha.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About Mahadayi River:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The Mahadayi River, also known as the <strong>Mandovi <\/strong>or <strong>Mhadei River,<\/strong> is a <strong>rain-fed river <\/strong>shared between <strong>Karnataka and Goa. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Course<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>It <strong>originates <\/strong>from the <strong>Bhimgad Forest <\/strong>in the <strong>Western Ghats<\/strong>, located in the Belagavi district of <strong>Karnataka<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>It <strong>flows westward <\/strong>to<strong> join the Arabian Sea<\/strong> at <strong>Panaji, Goa.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Total Length<\/strong>: It flows for nearly <strong>81 km<\/strong>, 29 km in Karnataka and <strong>52 km in Goa. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Its basin is <strong>crucial for Goa\u2019s water needs, <\/strong>covering much of North Goa.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Panaji<\/strong>, the <strong>state capital, <\/strong>and the <strong>town of Old Goa <\/strong>are situated on the<strong> left bank <\/strong>of the Mandovi River.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Near the town of Old Goa<\/strong>, there are <strong>three large freshwater islands, Divar, Chorao,<\/strong> and <strong>Vashee, <\/strong>in the Mandovi River. The<strong> island of Chorao houses Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It has several <strong>tributaries<\/strong>, namely <strong>Rogaro<\/strong>, <strong>Kushavati<\/strong>, Nanorem, Nanuz, Valvota, and Mapusa.<\/li>\n<li>The river is central to a <strong>decades-long dispute between Karnataka and Goa<\/strong>, primarily over <strong>Karnataka\u2019s plans <\/strong>to <strong>divert water from the Kalasa and Bhandura tributaries to the Malaprabha basin<\/strong> for drinking water needs.<\/li>\n<li>The Mahadayi Water Disputes Tribunal (MWDT) in 2018 allocated 13.42 tmc (380 Mcum) of water to Karnataka, including permissions for limited diversion from the Kalasa (1.72 tmc) and Bhandura (2.18 tmc) streams.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hence option c is the correct answer.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News<\/strong>:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/karnataka\/no-proposal-for-environmental-clearance-pending-for-mahadayi-centre\/article71346022.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/karnataka\/no-proposal-for-environmental-clearance-pending-for-mahadayi-centre\/article71346022.ece<\/a><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                                                    <div style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>3<\/span> of <span>10<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: inline-block;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>3<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                                                    <span style=\"font-weight: bold; float: right;\">1 points<\/span>\n                            <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <p>Consider the following statements regarding Mount Elbrus, recently seen in the news:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>It is the highest\u00a0mountain\u00a0in Europe.<\/li>\n<li>It is located in Russia.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"2316\"\n                                data-type=\"single\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2316\"\n                                                       value=\"1\"> a. 1 only                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2316\"\n                                                       value=\"2\"> b. 2 only                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2316\"\n                                                       value=\"3\"> c. Both 1 and 2                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2316\"\n                                                       value=\"4\"> d. Neither 1 nor 2                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Andhra Pradesh Police Sub-Inspector V. Venkateswara Rao of Eluru Rural Police Station marked India&#8217;s 80th Independence Day in a unique way by scaling Mount Elbrus, the highest peak in Europe, which stands at 5,642 metres in Russia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About Mount Elbrus:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Located in <strong>Southern Russia<\/strong>, Mount Elbrus is the <strong>highest peak of the Caucasus Mountains. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Rising to an elevation of 5,642 m, Mount Elbrus is the world\u2019s 10<sup>th<\/sup> most prominent peak as well as the <strong>highest mountain peak in both the European continent and Russia. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It is<strong> one of the Seven Summits of the world, <\/strong>which are the tallest mountains on each of the seven continents.<\/li>\n<li>Mount Elbrus is an <strong>inactive volcano <\/strong>that consists of two principal summits, both of which are dormant volcanic domes. It is also <strong>Eurasia\u2019s highest stratovolcano. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Formation<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>It is believed that the<strong> Caucasus Mountains were formed<\/strong> due to the<strong> northward collision of the Arabian Plate with the Eurasian Plate.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Geological studies have revealed that Mount Elbrus was formed over 2.5 million years ago and the volcano had been<strong> most active during<\/strong> the <strong>Holocene Epoch. <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The snowfields of Mount Elbrus cover an area of 138 sq. km. and host around 22 principal glaciers and 77 secondary glaciers.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Major Glaciers: Bolshoi Azaou and Irik Glacier.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Many <strong>Russian rivers like<\/strong> the<strong> Baksan, Malka, and Kuban rivers originate<\/strong> from these glaciers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hence both statements are correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ndtv.com\/india-news\/andhra-pradesh-police-sub-inspector-scales-mount-elbrus-unfurls-100-metre-tricolour-11913463\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.ndtv.com\/india-news\/andhra-pradesh-police-sub-inspector-scales-mount-elbrus-unfurls-100-metre-tricolour-11913463<\/a><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Andhra Pradesh Police Sub-Inspector V. Venkateswara Rao of Eluru Rural Police Station marked India&#8217;s 80th Independence Day in a unique way by scaling Mount Elbrus, the highest peak in Europe, which stands at 5,642 metres in Russia.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About Mount Elbrus:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Located in <strong>Southern Russia<\/strong>, Mount Elbrus is the <strong>highest peak of the Caucasus Mountains. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Rising to an elevation of 5,642 m, Mount Elbrus is the world\u2019s 10<sup>th<\/sup> most prominent peak as well as the <strong>highest mountain peak in both the European continent and Russia. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It is<strong> one of the Seven Summits of the world, <\/strong>which are the tallest mountains on each of the seven continents.<\/li>\n<li>Mount Elbrus is an <strong>inactive volcano <\/strong>that consists of two principal summits, both of which are dormant volcanic domes. It is also <strong>Eurasia\u2019s highest stratovolcano. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Formation<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>It is believed that the<strong> Caucasus Mountains were formed<\/strong> due to the<strong> northward collision of the Arabian Plate with the Eurasian Plate.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Geological studies have revealed that Mount Elbrus was formed over 2.5 million years ago and the volcano had been<strong> most active during<\/strong> the <strong>Holocene Epoch. <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The snowfields of Mount Elbrus cover an area of 138 sq. km. and host around 22 principal glaciers and 77 secondary glaciers.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Major Glaciers: Bolshoi Azaou and Irik Glacier.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Many <strong>Russian rivers like<\/strong> the<strong> Baksan, Malka, and Kuban rivers originate<\/strong> from these glaciers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hence both statements are correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ndtv.com\/india-news\/andhra-pradesh-police-sub-inspector-scales-mount-elbrus-unfurls-100-metre-tricolour-11913463\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.ndtv.com\/india-news\/andhra-pradesh-police-sub-inspector-scales-mount-elbrus-unfurls-100-metre-tricolour-11913463<\/a><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                                                    <div style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>4<\/span> of <span>10<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: inline-block;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>4<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                                                    <span style=\"font-weight: bold; float: right;\">1 points<\/span>\n                            <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <p>Which among the following best describes Friedreich ataxia (FA), recently seen in the news?<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"2317\"\n                                data-type=\"single\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2317\"\n                                                       value=\"1\"> a. A bacterial infection of the nervous system.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2317\"\n                                                       value=\"2\"> b. An inherited disorder causing progressive nervous system damage.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2317\"\n                                                       value=\"3\"> c. An autoimmune disorder affecting the muscles.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2317\"\n                                                       value=\"4\"> d. A degenerative disorder caused by vitamin deficiency.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A new study from researchers at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center found that Friedreich\u2019s ataxia is caused when a gene called FXN becomes mutated.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About Friedreich ataxia (FA):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a <strong>rare, inherited disorder<\/strong> that causes <strong>progressive damage to the nervous system. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The damage <strong>affects your spinal cord and the nerves that control muscle movement<\/strong> in your arms and legs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cause:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>It is caused when a <strong>gene called FXN becomes mutated<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The<strong> FXN gene codes for a protein called frataxin<\/strong>. <strong>Frataxin <\/strong>is <strong>essential for mitochondria<\/strong>, which are our cells\u2019 powerhouses.<\/li>\n<li>The chemical ATP, which is the cell\u2019s energy currency, is made mostly in the mitochondria.<\/li>\n<li>Nerve, spinal cord, brain, and heart muscle cells use a lot of energy.<\/li>\n<li>When their <strong>frataxin levels<\/strong> become <strong>abnormally low,<\/strong> the <strong>mitochondria produce ATP less effectively <\/strong>and also <strong>accumulate toxic by-products. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>This <strong>renders the cell dysfunctional,<\/strong> leading to the symptoms of FA.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Individuals who inherit two defective copies<\/strong> of the FXN gene, one from each parent, will <strong>develop the disease<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>A person who inherits only one abnormal copy of the gene is called a carrier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Symptoms: <\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Symptoms usually begin between the <strong>ages of 5 and 15. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The <strong>main symptom<\/strong> is <strong>ataxia<\/strong>, which means <strong>trouble coordinating movements. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Specific symptoms include:\n<ul>\n<li>Difficulty walking<\/li>\n<li>Muscle weakness<\/li>\n<li>Speech problems<\/li>\n<li>Involuntary eye movements<\/li>\n<li>Scoliosis (curving of the spine to one side)<\/li>\n<li>Heart palpitations, from the heart disease, which can happen along with Friedreich ataxia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>People with Friedreich ataxia usually <strong>need a wheelchair 15 to 20 years after symptoms first appear. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>In <strong>severe cases, <\/strong>people become <strong>incapacitated<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Treatment<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>There is currently <strong>no cure <\/strong>for FA.<\/li>\n<li>Treatment focuses on easing symptoms and maintaining comfort and function for as long as possible.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hence option b is the correct answer.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_delhi\/issues\/199713\/OPS\/GJDGDF44B.1+G4EGDF6SB.1.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_delhi\/issues\/199713\/OPS\/GJDGDF44B.1+G4EGDF6SB.1.html<\/a><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A new study from researchers at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center found that Friedreich\u2019s ataxia is caused when a gene called FXN becomes mutated.<\/p>\n<p><strong>About Friedreich ataxia (FA):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a <strong>rare, inherited disorder<\/strong> that causes <strong>progressive damage to the nervous system. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The damage <strong>affects your spinal cord and the nerves that control muscle movement<\/strong> in your arms and legs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cause:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>It is caused when a <strong>gene called FXN becomes mutated<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The<strong> FXN gene codes for a protein called frataxin<\/strong>. <strong>Frataxin <\/strong>is <strong>essential for mitochondria<\/strong>, which are our cells\u2019 powerhouses.<\/li>\n<li>The chemical ATP, which is the cell\u2019s energy currency, is made mostly in the mitochondria.<\/li>\n<li>Nerve, spinal cord, brain, and heart muscle cells use a lot of energy.<\/li>\n<li>When their <strong>frataxin levels<\/strong> become <strong>abnormally low,<\/strong> the <strong>mitochondria produce ATP less effectively <\/strong>and also <strong>accumulate toxic by-products. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>This <strong>renders the cell dysfunctional,<\/strong> leading to the symptoms of FA.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Individuals who inherit two defective copies<\/strong> of the FXN gene, one from each parent, will <strong>develop the disease<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>A person who inherits only one abnormal copy of the gene is called a carrier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Symptoms: <\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Symptoms usually begin between the <strong>ages of 5 and 15. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The <strong>main symptom<\/strong> is <strong>ataxia<\/strong>, which means <strong>trouble coordinating movements. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Specific symptoms include:\n<ul>\n<li>Difficulty walking<\/li>\n<li>Muscle weakness<\/li>\n<li>Speech problems<\/li>\n<li>Involuntary eye movements<\/li>\n<li>Scoliosis (curving of the spine to one side)<\/li>\n<li>Heart palpitations, from the heart disease, which can happen along with Friedreich ataxia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>People with Friedreich ataxia usually <strong>need a wheelchair 15 to 20 years after symptoms first appear. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>In <strong>severe cases, <\/strong>people become <strong>incapacitated<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Treatment<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>There is currently <strong>no cure <\/strong>for FA.<\/li>\n<li>Treatment focuses on easing symptoms and maintaining comfort and function for as long as possible.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hence option b is the correct answer.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_delhi\/issues\/199713\/OPS\/GJDGDF44B.1+G4EGDF6SB.1.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_delhi\/issues\/199713\/OPS\/GJDGDF44B.1+G4EGDF6SB.1.html<\/a><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                                                    <div style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>5<\/span> of <span>10<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: inline-block;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>5<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                                                    <span style=\"font-weight: bold; float: right;\">1 points<\/span>\n                            <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <p>Consider the following statements regarding the Loggerhead Sea Turtle, recently seen in the news:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>It is the world\u2019s largest hard-shelled turtle.<\/li>\n<li>It is classified as \u2018Endangered\u2019 under the IUCN Red List.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"2318\"\n                                data-type=\"single\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2318\"\n                                                       value=\"1\"> a. 1 only                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2318\"\n                                                       value=\"2\"> b. 2 only                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2318\"\n                                                       value=\"3\"> c. Both 1 and 2                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2318\"\n                                                       value=\"4\"> d. Neither 1 nor 2                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mumbai Police personnel recently rescued a distressed 100-kg Loggerhead sea turtle after finding it struggling to swim and floating on the surface of the Arabian Sea.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0About Loggerhead Sea Turtle:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a species of <strong>oceanic turtle <\/strong>belonging to the family Cheloniidae.<\/li>\n<li>Scientific Name: Caretta caretta<\/li>\n<li>It is the <strong>world\u2019s largest hard-shelled turtle<\/strong>, slightly larger at average and maximum mature weights than the green sea turtle and the Galapagos tortoise.<\/li>\n<li>It is also the <strong>world\u2019s second largest extant turtle<\/strong> <strong>after the leatherback sea turtle. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Habitat and Distribution: <\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Loggerheads live in <strong>oceans all over the world, except in the coldest seas. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The <strong>majority of<\/strong> loggerhead nesting occurs in the western rims of the <strong>Atlantic <\/strong>and <strong>Indian Oceans<\/strong>, primarily in<strong> Oman, the United States, <\/strong>and <strong>Australia<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>They may be <strong>found hundreds of miles out to sea<\/strong>, as well as in <strong>inshore areas<\/strong> such as bays, lagoons, salt marshes, and creeks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Features<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Loggerheads are <strong>named <\/strong>for their <strong>relatively large heads<\/strong>, which<strong> support powerful jaws<\/strong> and enable them to feed on hard-shelled prey, such as whelks and conchs.<\/li>\n<li>Adult loggerheads typically have shell lengths between 0.9 and 1.2 meters (3 to 4 feet).<\/li>\n<li>They have a <strong>large, reddish-brown, hard shell<\/strong>; a <strong>pale yellow underbelly<\/strong> (or \u2018plastron\u2019); and<strong> four flippers <\/strong>with two (or sometimes three) claws on each.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Adult males <\/strong>are distinguished by <strong>long tails<\/strong> that extend beyond the rear carapace and a narrowing of the carapace that tapers towards the rear.<\/li>\n<li>They <strong>use the geomagnetic field as a map when navigating large distances.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Lifespan<\/strong>: Loggerheads can live up to<strong> 80 years or more. <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Conservation Status: <\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>IUCN Red List: <strong>Vulnerable<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Hence only statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tribuneindia.com\/news\/india\/mumbai-police-rescue-100-kg-endangered-loggerhead-sea-turtle\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.tribuneindia.com\/news\/india\/mumbai-police-rescue-100-kg-endangered-loggerhead-sea-turtle\/<\/a><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mumbai Police personnel recently rescued a distressed 100-kg Loggerhead sea turtle after finding it struggling to swim and floating on the surface of the Arabian Sea.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0About Loggerhead Sea Turtle:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a species of <strong>oceanic turtle <\/strong>belonging to the family Cheloniidae.<\/li>\n<li>Scientific Name: Caretta caretta<\/li>\n<li>It is the <strong>world\u2019s largest hard-shelled turtle<\/strong>, slightly larger at average and maximum mature weights than the green sea turtle and the Galapagos tortoise.<\/li>\n<li>It is also the <strong>world\u2019s second largest extant turtle<\/strong> <strong>after the leatherback sea turtle. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Habitat and Distribution: <\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Loggerheads live in <strong>oceans all over the world, except in the coldest seas. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The <strong>majority of<\/strong> loggerhead nesting occurs in the western rims of the <strong>Atlantic <\/strong>and <strong>Indian Oceans<\/strong>, primarily in<strong> Oman, the United States, <\/strong>and <strong>Australia<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>They may be <strong>found hundreds of miles out to sea<\/strong>, as well as in <strong>inshore areas<\/strong> such as bays, lagoons, salt marshes, and creeks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Features<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Loggerheads are <strong>named <\/strong>for their <strong>relatively large heads<\/strong>, which<strong> support powerful jaws<\/strong> and enable them to feed on hard-shelled prey, such as whelks and conchs.<\/li>\n<li>Adult loggerheads typically have shell lengths between 0.9 and 1.2 meters (3 to 4 feet).<\/li>\n<li>They have a <strong>large, reddish-brown, hard shell<\/strong>; a <strong>pale yellow underbelly<\/strong> (or \u2018plastron\u2019); and<strong> four flippers <\/strong>with two (or sometimes three) claws on each.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Adult males <\/strong>are distinguished by <strong>long tails<\/strong> that extend beyond the rear carapace and a narrowing of the carapace that tapers towards the rear.<\/li>\n<li>They <strong>use the geomagnetic field as a map when navigating large distances.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Lifespan<\/strong>: Loggerheads can live up to<strong> 80 years or more. <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Conservation Status: <\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>IUCN Red List: <strong>Vulnerable<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Hence only statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tribuneindia.com\/news\/india\/mumbai-police-rescue-100-kg-endangered-loggerhead-sea-turtle\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.tribuneindia.com\/news\/india\/mumbai-police-rescue-100-kg-endangered-loggerhead-sea-turtle\/<\/a><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                                                    <div style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>6<\/span> of <span>10<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: inline-block;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>6<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                                                    <span style=\"font-weight: bold; float: right;\">1 points<\/span>\n                            <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <p>Consider the following statements regarding South Asian Free Trade Area:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>It is the free trade arrangement of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC).<\/li>\n<li>It has objectives to promote and enhance mutual trade and economic cooperation among contracting states.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"2319\"\n                                data-type=\"single\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2319\"\n                                                       value=\"1\"> a. 1 only                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2319\"\n                                                       value=\"2\"> b. 2 only                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2319\"\n                                                       value=\"3\"> c. Both 1 and 2                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2319\"\n                                                       value=\"4\"> d. Neither 1 nor 2                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong> \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Recently, the Directorate of Revenue Intelligence has dismantled a major network involved in importing South-East Asian areca nuts into India by falsely declaring them as Bangladeshi origin and availing concessional duty benefits under the South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA).\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is the <strong>free trade arrangement<\/strong> of the <strong>South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation<\/strong> (SAARC).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Background:<\/strong> The <strong>agreement came into force in 2006,<\/strong> succeeding the 1993 SAARC Preferential Trading Arrangement.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SAFTA signatory countries:<\/strong> Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.<\/li>\n<li>SAFTA recognizes the need for special and differential treatment for <strong>LDCs in its preamble<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Objective:<\/strong> The Objectives of this Agreement are to <strong>promote and enhance mutual trade and economic cooperation<\/strong> among Contracting States by, inter-alia:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Eliminating barriers to trade<\/strong> in, and facilitating the cross-border movement of goods between the territories of the Contracting States;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Promoting conditions of fair competition<\/strong> in the free trade area, and ensuring equitable benefits to all Contracting States, taking into account their respective levels and pattern of economic development;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Creating effective mechanism<\/strong> for the implementation and application of this Agreement, for its joint administration and for the resolution of disputes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Establishing a framework for further regional cooperation<\/strong> to expand and enhance the mutual benefits of this Agreement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Hence both statements are correct<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseDetail.aspx?PRID=2300102&amp;reg=48&amp;lang=1\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseDetail.aspx?PRID=2300102&#038;reg=48&#038;lang=1\" rel=\"nofollow ugc noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseDetail.aspx?PRID=2300102&#038;reg=48&#038;lang=1<\/a><\/strong><\/a><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong> \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Recently, the Directorate of Revenue Intelligence has dismantled a major network involved in importing South-East Asian areca nuts into India by falsely declaring them as Bangladeshi origin and availing concessional duty benefits under the South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA).\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is the <strong>free trade arrangement<\/strong> of the <strong>South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation<\/strong> (SAARC).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Background:<\/strong> The <strong>agreement came into force in 2006,<\/strong> succeeding the 1993 SAARC Preferential Trading Arrangement.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SAFTA signatory countries:<\/strong> Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.<\/li>\n<li>SAFTA recognizes the need for special and differential treatment for <strong>LDCs in its preamble<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Objective:<\/strong> The Objectives of this Agreement are to <strong>promote and enhance mutual trade and economic cooperation<\/strong> among Contracting States by, inter-alia:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Eliminating barriers to trade<\/strong> in, and facilitating the cross-border movement of goods between the territories of the Contracting States;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Promoting conditions of fair competition<\/strong> in the free trade area, and ensuring equitable benefits to all Contracting States, taking into account their respective levels and pattern of economic development;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Creating effective mechanism<\/strong> for the implementation and application of this Agreement, for its joint administration and for the resolution of disputes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Establishing a framework for further regional cooperation<\/strong> to expand and enhance the mutual benefits of this Agreement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Hence both statements are correct<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseDetail.aspx?PRID=2300102&amp;reg=48&amp;lang=1\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseDetail.aspx?PRID=2300102&#038;reg=48&#038;lang=1\" rel=\"nofollow ugc noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseDetail.aspx?PRID=2300102&#038;reg=48&#038;lang=1<\/a><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                                                    <div style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>7<\/span> of <span>10<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: inline-block;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>7<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                                                    <span style=\"font-weight: bold; float: right;\">1 points<\/span>\n                            <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <p>Consider the following statements regarding Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>It is designed to study the areas of dark energy, exoplanets, and infrared astrophysics.<\/li>\n<li>It is an initiative of the European Space Agency.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"2320\"\n                                data-type=\"single\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2320\"\n                                                       value=\"1\"> a. 1 only                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2320\"\n                                                       value=\"2\"> b. 2 only                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2320\"\n                                                       value=\"3\"> c. Both 1 and 2                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2320\"\n                                                       value=\"4\"> d. Neither 1 nor 2                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nasa\u2019s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is set to begin its journey to a new home in deep space on August 30.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a NASA space observatory<strong>, <\/strong>designed to settle essential questions in the areas of <strong>dark energy, exoplanets,<\/strong> and <strong>infrared astrophysics.<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Scientists by using this telescope will focus on three main topic areas: <strong>dark energy, exoplanets, and dark matter.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>It will provide one of the deepest-ever views into the\u00a0<strong>heart of our Milky Way galaxy.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It will orbit around a special place in space called the second <strong>Sun-Earth\u00a0Lagrange point, or L2.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Objectives:<\/strong> It will monitor hundreds of millions of stars in search of tell-tale flickers that betray the presence of planets, distant stars, small icy objects that haunt the outskirts of our solar system and isolated black holes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>It will have\u00a0two instruments<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Wide Field Instrument:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a <strong>300<\/strong>&#8211;<strong>megapixel infrared camera.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It will have a field of view that is 100 times greater than the Hubble infrared instrument, capturing more of the sky with less observing time.<\/li>\n<li>It will\u00a0<strong>measure light from a billion galaxies<\/strong> over the course of the mission lifetime.<\/li>\n<li>It will perform a microlensing survey of the inner Milky Way to find exoplanets.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Coronagraph Instrument:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a\u00a0technology demonstration which will <strong>perform\u00a0high contrast imaging and spectroscopy<\/strong> of individual nearby exoplanets.<\/li>\n<li>Its\u00a0Galactic Bulge Time-Domain Survey will focus <strong>on the Milky Way.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Hence only statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.indiatoday.in\/science\/story\/nancy-grace-roman-space-telescope-l2-journey-explained-2971750-2026-08-15\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.indiatoday.in\/science\/story\/nancy-grace-roman-space-telescope-l2-journey-explained-2971750-2026-08-15\" rel=\"nofollow ugc noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.indiatoday.in\/science\/story\/nancy-grace-roman-space-telescope-l2-journey-explained-2971750-2026-08-15<\/a><\/strong><\/a><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nasa\u2019s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is set to begin its journey to a new home in deep space on August 30.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a NASA space observatory<strong>, <\/strong>designed to settle essential questions in the areas of <strong>dark energy, exoplanets,<\/strong> and <strong>infrared astrophysics.<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Scientists by using this telescope will focus on three main topic areas: <strong>dark energy, exoplanets, and dark matter.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>It will provide one of the deepest-ever views into the\u00a0<strong>heart of our Milky Way galaxy.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It will orbit around a special place in space called the second <strong>Sun-Earth\u00a0Lagrange point, or L2.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Objectives:<\/strong> It will monitor hundreds of millions of stars in search of tell-tale flickers that betray the presence of planets, distant stars, small icy objects that haunt the outskirts of our solar system and isolated black holes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>It will have\u00a0two instruments<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Wide Field Instrument:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a <strong>300<\/strong>&#8211;<strong>megapixel infrared camera.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It will have a field of view that is 100 times greater than the Hubble infrared instrument, capturing more of the sky with less observing time.<\/li>\n<li>It will\u00a0<strong>measure light from a billion galaxies<\/strong> over the course of the mission lifetime.<\/li>\n<li>It will perform a microlensing survey of the inner Milky Way to find exoplanets.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Coronagraph Instrument:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a\u00a0technology demonstration which will <strong>perform\u00a0high contrast imaging and spectroscopy<\/strong> of individual nearby exoplanets.<\/li>\n<li>Its\u00a0Galactic Bulge Time-Domain Survey will focus <strong>on the Milky Way.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Hence only statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.indiatoday.in\/science\/story\/nancy-grace-roman-space-telescope-l2-journey-explained-2971750-2026-08-15\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.indiatoday.in\/science\/story\/nancy-grace-roman-space-telescope-l2-journey-explained-2971750-2026-08-15\" rel=\"nofollow ugc noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.indiatoday.in\/science\/story\/nancy-grace-roman-space-telescope-l2-journey-explained-2971750-2026-08-15<\/a><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                                                    <div style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>8<\/span> of <span>10<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: inline-block;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>8<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                                                    <span style=\"font-weight: bold; float: right;\">1 points<\/span>\n                            <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <p>Consider the following statements regarding Hara Mangrove Forest:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>These forests have a special filtration system in their roots that allows them to thrive in saline conditions.<\/li>\n<li>These forests in Persian Gulf are designated as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"2321\"\n                                data-type=\"single\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2321\"\n                                                       value=\"1\"> a. 1 only                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2321\"\n                                                       value=\"2\"> b. 2 only                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2321\"\n                                                       value=\"3\"> c. Both 1 and 2                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2321\"\n                                                       value=\"4\"> d. Neither 1 nor 2                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Recent satellite images have revealed a major environmental threat to Hara mangrove forest due to an oil spill off Qeshm\u2019s southern coast.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Location:<\/strong> The Hara mangrove forests occur around Qeshm Island and the Khuran Strait in southern Iran, in the Persian Gulf region<\/li>\n<li>These mangrove forests consist mainly of <strong>grey mangrove trees (Avicennia marina).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>They have a <strong>special filtration system<\/strong> in their roots that allows them to <strong>thrive in saline conditions. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The forests are designated as a <strong>UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Ecological Role:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The same roots also <strong>protect the coast against erosion<\/strong> and are important carbon sinks, sequestering significantly more carbon than terrestrial forests.<\/li>\n<li>They serve as an <strong>important nursery for marine life<\/strong> as they shelter shrimp, crabs, and numerous fish species that sustain the region\u2019s fisheries.<\/li>\n<li>The Hara forests\u2019 <strong>canopy is also a major migratory hub<\/strong> for birds like the great stone-curlew and various herons.<\/li>\n<li>The mangroves are the backbone of the <strong>sustainable tourism programmes of Qeshm,<\/strong> an Iranian island in the Persian Gulf, and draw visitors to their labyrinthine waterways.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Hence both statements are correct <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/energy-and-environment\/major-oil-spill-threatens-hara-mangrove-forests-in-persian-gulf\/article71352122.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/energy-and-environment\/major-oil-spill-threatens-hara-mangrove-forests-in-persian-gulf\/article71352122.ece\" rel=\"nofollow ugc noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/energy-and-environment\/major-oil-spill-threatens-hara-mangrove-forests-in-persian-gulf\/article71352122.ece<\/a><\/strong><\/a><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Recent satellite images have revealed a major environmental threat to Hara mangrove forest due to an oil spill off Qeshm\u2019s southern coast.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Location:<\/strong> The Hara mangrove forests occur around Qeshm Island and the Khuran Strait in southern Iran, in the Persian Gulf region<\/li>\n<li>These mangrove forests consist mainly of <strong>grey mangrove trees (Avicennia marina).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>They have a <strong>special filtration system<\/strong> in their roots that allows them to <strong>thrive in saline conditions. <\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The forests are designated as a <strong>UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Ecological Role:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The same roots also <strong>protect the coast against erosion<\/strong> and are important carbon sinks, sequestering significantly more carbon than terrestrial forests.<\/li>\n<li>They serve as an <strong>important nursery for marine life<\/strong> as they shelter shrimp, crabs, and numerous fish species that sustain the region\u2019s fisheries.<\/li>\n<li>The Hara forests\u2019 <strong>canopy is also a major migratory hub<\/strong> for birds like the great stone-curlew and various herons.<\/li>\n<li>The mangroves are the backbone of the <strong>sustainable tourism programmes of Qeshm,<\/strong> an Iranian island in the Persian Gulf, and draw visitors to their labyrinthine waterways.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Hence both statements are correct <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/energy-and-environment\/major-oil-spill-threatens-hara-mangrove-forests-in-persian-gulf\/article71352122.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/energy-and-environment\/major-oil-spill-threatens-hara-mangrove-forests-in-persian-gulf\/article71352122.ece\" rel=\"nofollow ugc noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/energy-and-environment\/major-oil-spill-threatens-hara-mangrove-forests-in-persian-gulf\/article71352122.ece<\/a><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                                                    <div style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>9<\/span> of <span>10<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: inline-block;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>9<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                                                    <span style=\"font-weight: bold; float: right;\">1 points<\/span>\n                            <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <p>With reference to National Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission, consider the following:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>It is a quasi-judicial commission set up under the Consumer Protection Act of 1986.<\/li>\n<li>It is only headed by a sitting or a retired Judge of the Supreme Court of India.<\/li>\n<li>It shall have jurisdiction to entertain a complaint valued more than two crore.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>How many of the above statements are correct?<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"2322\"\n                                data-type=\"single\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2322\"\n                                                       value=\"1\"> a. Only One                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2322\"\n                                                       value=\"2\"> b. Only Two                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2322\"\n                                                       value=\"3\"> c. All three                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2322\"\n                                                       value=\"4\"> d. None                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0Recently, the Supreme Court expressed concern over the pending cases in the National Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission and asked the Centre to consider setting up regional and circuit benches to clear the backlog.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a <strong>quasi-judicial commission<\/strong> set up in 1988 under the <strong>Consumer Protection Act of 1986.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Mandate:<\/strong> To provide inexpensive, speedy, and summary <strong>redressal of consumer disputes.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The Commission is headed by a <strong>sitting or a retired Judge of the Supreme Court of India<\/strong> or a <strong>sitting or a retired Chief Justice of an Hon&#8217;ble High Court.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Jurisdiction:<\/strong> It shall have jurisdiction to entertain a <strong>complaint valued more than two crore<\/strong> and also have appellate and <strong>revisional jurisdiction<\/strong> from the orders <strong>of State Commissions<\/strong> or the <strong>District fora<\/strong> as the case may be.<\/li>\n<li>The provisions of this act cover \u2018goods\u2019 as well as \u2018services\u2019.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Appeal:<\/strong> Any person aggrieved by an order of NCDRC, may prefer an appeal against such an order to <strong>SC within a period of 30 days.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Its head office is <strong>located in\u00a0New Delhi.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>A complaint may be filed by the following:\n<ul>\n<li>A consumer<\/li>\n<li>Any <strong>voluntary consumer association<\/strong> registered under the Companies Act 1956<\/li>\n<li>The <strong>Central Government or any State Government<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>One or more consumers where there are numerous consumers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Hence only statements 1 and 3 are correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/india-news\/sc-expresses-concern-over-pendency-of-cases-at-ncdrc-bats-for-regional-circuit-benches-101786608299815.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/india-news\/sc-expresses-concern-over-pendency-of-cases-at-ncdrc-bats-for-regional-circuit-benches-101786608299815.html\" rel=\"nofollow ugc noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/india-news\/sc-expresses-concern-over-pendency-of-cases-at-ncdrc-bats-for-regional-circuit-benches-101786608299815.html<\/a><\/strong><\/a><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0Recently, the Supreme Court expressed concern over the pending cases in the National Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission and asked the Centre to consider setting up regional and circuit benches to clear the backlog.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a <strong>quasi-judicial commission<\/strong> set up in 1988 under the <strong>Consumer Protection Act of 1986.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Mandate:<\/strong> To provide inexpensive, speedy, and summary <strong>redressal of consumer disputes.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The Commission is headed by a <strong>sitting or a retired Judge of the Supreme Court of India<\/strong> or a <strong>sitting or a retired Chief Justice of an Hon&#8217;ble High Court.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Jurisdiction:<\/strong> It shall have jurisdiction to entertain a <strong>complaint valued more than two crore<\/strong> and also have appellate and <strong>revisional jurisdiction<\/strong> from the orders <strong>of State Commissions<\/strong> or the <strong>District fora<\/strong> as the case may be.<\/li>\n<li>The provisions of this act cover \u2018goods\u2019 as well as \u2018services\u2019.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Appeal:<\/strong> Any person aggrieved by an order of NCDRC, may prefer an appeal against such an order to <strong>SC within a period of 30 days.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Its head office is <strong>located in\u00a0New Delhi.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>A complaint may be filed by the following:\n<ul>\n<li>A consumer<\/li>\n<li>Any <strong>voluntary consumer association<\/strong> registered under the Companies Act 1956<\/li>\n<li>The <strong>Central Government or any State Government<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>One or more consumers where there are numerous consumers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Hence only statements 1 and 3 are correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/india-news\/sc-expresses-concern-over-pendency-of-cases-at-ncdrc-bats-for-regional-circuit-benches-101786608299815.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/india-news\/sc-expresses-concern-over-pendency-of-cases-at-ncdrc-bats-for-regional-circuit-benches-101786608299815.html\" rel=\"nofollow ugc noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/india-news\/sc-expresses-concern-over-pendency-of-cases-at-ncdrc-bats-for-regional-circuit-benches-101786608299815.html<\/a><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                                                    <div style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>10<\/span> of <span>10<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: inline-block;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>10<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                                                    <span style=\"font-weight: bold; float: right;\">1 points<\/span>\n                            <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <p>Consider the following statements regarding Earthquake Swarm:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>It occurs when multiple seismic events strike a small area in relatively quick succession.<\/li>\n<li>It necessarily consists of a sequence of high-intensity earthquakes centred around a clearly identifiable main shock.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"2323\"\n                                data-type=\"single\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2323\"\n                                                       value=\"1\"> a. 1 only                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2323\"\n                                                       value=\"2\"> b. 2 only                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2323\"\n                                                       value=\"3\"> c. Both 1 and 2                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"radio\"\n                                                       name=\"question_233_2323\"\n                                                       value=\"4\"> d. Neither 1 nor 2                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Recently, there has been a spate of small earthquakes in Maharashtra and seismologists call this pattern of quakes an earthquake swarm, and Maharashtra has experienced them often before.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Occurrence:<\/strong> It occurs when <strong>multiple seismic events<\/strong> of <strong>comparable intensity strike a small area<\/strong> in <strong>relatively quick succession.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Intensity:<\/strong> It involves a series of many earthquakes, often of <strong>comparable magnitudes, without a clearly identifiable dominant main shock<\/strong>, occurring over a relatively limited area and period.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What Causes Swarm Sequences?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Fluid movement:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>In <strong>volcanic environments<\/strong>, this can be fluid released from deeper magma or circulating within active geothermal areas (in volcanic areas such as the Taup\u014d Volcanic Zone).<\/li>\n<li>The earthquakes triggered by fluids occur as fault slip on the cracks and faults through which the water is moving.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Active volcanism:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Magma movement can <strong>also act as the \u2018driving mechanism\u2019<\/strong> for swarms, creating the earthquakes as magma-filled cracks push their way through the Earth\u2019s crust.<\/li>\n<li>In such a case the earthquakes <strong>commonly occur near the crack tip<\/strong> (ahead of the magma where the crack is starting to open), or off to the side of the crack.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Slow-slip events:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>A slow-slip event is <strong>essentially an earthquake in slow-motion,<\/strong> and typically involves <strong>centimetres to tens of centimetres<\/strong> of movement along a fault, over weeks to years.<\/li>\n<li>It is seen at the <strong>Hikurangi subduction zone,<\/strong> usually at least one or two per year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Hence only statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/why-is-maharashtra-experiencing-an-earthquake-swarm-explained\/article71354709.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/why-is-maharashtra-experiencing-an-earthquake-swarm-explained\/article71354709.ece\" rel=\"nofollow ugc noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/why-is-maharashtra-experiencing-an-earthquake-swarm-explained\/article71354709.ece<\/a><\/strong><\/a><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><strong>Answer: a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Recently, there has been a spate of small earthquakes in Maharashtra and seismologists call this pattern of quakes an earthquake swarm, and Maharashtra has experienced them often before.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Occurrence:<\/strong> It occurs when <strong>multiple seismic events<\/strong> of <strong>comparable intensity strike a small area<\/strong> in <strong>relatively quick succession.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Intensity:<\/strong> It involves a series of many earthquakes, often of <strong>comparable magnitudes, without a clearly identifiable dominant main shock<\/strong>, occurring over a relatively limited area and period.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What Causes Swarm Sequences?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Fluid movement:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>In <strong>volcanic environments<\/strong>, this can be fluid released from deeper magma or circulating within active geothermal areas (in volcanic areas such as the Taup\u014d Volcanic Zone).<\/li>\n<li>The earthquakes triggered by fluids occur as fault slip on the cracks and faults through which the water is moving.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Active volcanism:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Magma movement can <strong>also act as the \u2018driving mechanism\u2019<\/strong> for swarms, creating the earthquakes as magma-filled cracks push their way through the Earth\u2019s crust.<\/li>\n<li>In such a case the earthquakes <strong>commonly occur near the crack tip<\/strong> (ahead of the magma where the crack is starting to open), or off to the side of the crack.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Slow-slip events:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>A slow-slip event is <strong>essentially an earthquake in slow-motion,<\/strong> and typically involves <strong>centimetres to tens of centimetres<\/strong> of movement along a fault, over weeks to years.<\/li>\n<li>It is seen at the <strong>Hikurangi subduction zone,<\/strong> usually at least one or two per year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Hence only statement 1 is correct.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>News:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/why-is-maharashtra-experiencing-an-earthquake-swarm-explained\/article71354709.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/why-is-maharashtra-experiencing-an-earthquake-swarm-explained\/article71354709.ece\" rel=\"nofollow ugc noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/why-is-maharashtra-experiencing-an-earthquake-swarm-explained\/article71354709.ece<\/a><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n              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Ideal for UPSC Prelims and Mains 2026 preparation. 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