{"id":120740,"date":"2026-08-25T10:58:13","date_gmt":"2026-08-25T05:28:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=120740"},"modified":"2026-08-25T10:58:13","modified_gmt":"2026-08-25T05:28:13","slug":"difference-between-governor-general-and-viceroy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/difference-between-governor-general-and-viceroy\/","title":{"rendered":"Difference Between Governor General and Viceroy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Governor General and Viceroy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> were important offices in the administration of British India. Although the two terms are often used together, they belonged to <\/span><b>different phases of British rule<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and reflected a change in the authority controlling India. The Governor General was associated mainly with the administration of territories under the <\/span><b>East India Company<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, while the Viceroy represented the <\/span><b>British Crown<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> after 1858.\u00a0 The <\/span><b>Difference Between Governor General and Viceroy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is discussed in detail in this article.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Difference Between Governor General and Viceroy Meaning and Historical Background<\/b><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The office of <\/span><b>Governor General<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was created by the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/regulating-act-1773\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Regulating Act of 1773<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/warren-hastings\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Warren Hastings<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> becoming the first Governor General of Bengal.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/charter-act-1833\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Charter Act of 1833<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> changed the designation to <\/span><b>Governor General of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><b>Lord <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/lord-william-bentinck\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>William Bentinck<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> became the first Governor General of India under this arrangement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/revolt-of-1857\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Revolt of 1857<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the <\/span><b>Government of India Act, 1858<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ended the East India Company\u2019s rule and transferred the administration of India to the British Crown.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From 1858, the same official held both the titles of <\/span><b>Governor General of India and Viceroy of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/lord-canning\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Lord Canning<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was the first Viceroy.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The title <\/span><b>Governor General<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> mainly reflected the official\u2019s <\/span><b>administrative role<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, while <\/span><b>Viceroy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> highlighted his position as the <\/span><b>representative of the British monarch<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The office of Viceroy ended with <\/span><b>Indian Independence in 1947<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, while the office of Governor General continued in independent India until 1950.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Difference Between Governor General and Viceroy<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Difference Between Governor General and Viceroy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> mainly relates to their <\/span><b>period, authority and roles<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in British India. Although both titles were held by the same official after 1858, they reflected different aspects of <\/span><b>administration and representation of British authority<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, as discussed below.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tb-color\" style=\"width: 99.2738%; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"3\"><strong>Difference Between Governor General and Viceroy<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 11.6921%;\">\n<p><b>Basis<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.3159%;\">\n<p><b>Governor General<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.2658%;\">\n<p><b>Viceroy<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 11.6921%;\">\n<p><b>Period<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.3159%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The office developed during <\/span><b>East India Company rule<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, beginning in 1773.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.2658%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The title was introduced in <\/span><b>1858<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> after the transfer of power to the British Crown.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 11.6921%;\">\n<p><b>Authority<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.3159%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Worked under the authority of the <\/span><b>East India Company<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> before 1858.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.2658%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Served as the <\/span><b>representative of the British Crown<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in India.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 11.6921%;\">\n<p><b>Historical context<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.3159%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Associated with the development and administration of British territories under Company rule.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.2658%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Emerged after the <\/span><b>Revolt of 1857<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the beginning of direct Crown rule.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 11.6921%;\">\n<p><b>First important holder<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.3159%;\">\n<p><b>Warren Hastings<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was the first Governor General of Bengal; <\/span><b>Lord William Bentinck<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was the first Governor General of India.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.2658%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Canning<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was the first Viceroy of India.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 11.6921%;\">\n<p><b>Main role<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.3159%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Focused mainly on the <\/span><b>administration and governance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of British-controlled territories.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.2658%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Combined administrative responsibilities with the role of <\/span><b>representing the British monarch<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 11.6921%;\">\n<p><b>Princely states<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.3159%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Relations with princely states were part of the broader responsibilities of the colonial administration.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.2658%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The title Viceroy particularly emphasised the Crown&#8217;s <\/span><b>political and diplomatic relationship with princely states<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 11.6921%;\">\n<p><b>Appointment<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.3159%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before 1858, the Governor General was appointed through the <\/span><b>East India Company\u2019s system of authority<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.2658%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After 1858, the Viceroy was appointed by the <\/span><b>British Crown<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> under the new system of direct rule.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 11.6921%;\">\n<p><b>End of office<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.3159%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The position of Governor General continued even after 1858 and later continued in independent India until <\/span><b>1950<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.2658%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The office of Viceroy ended with <\/span><b>Indian Independence in 1947<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 11.6921%;\">\n<p><b>Last holder<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 45.3159%;\">\n<p><b>C. Rajagopalachari<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was the last Governor General of India.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.2658%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Mountbatten<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was the last Viceroy of India.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><b>Governor General and Viceroy Powers and Functions<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>powers and functions of the Governor-General and Viceroy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> evolved significantly during British rule in India. They exercised wide-ranging <\/span><b>executive, legislative, judicial, financial and military powers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, with the nature of their authority changing after the transfer of power from the East India Company to the British Crown in 1858. The major powers and functions are discussed below.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Governor General<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Governor General<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was responsible for the overall administration of British-controlled territories and played a central role in implementing laws, policies and regulations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During the East India Company period, the Governor General exercised significant authority over the Company&#8217;s administrative and political affairs and helped consolidate British control in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The office also played an important role in <\/span><b>military and territorial expansion<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, including the use of wars, treaties and diplomatic arrangements to extend British influence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Governor General supervised various branches of administration and worked with other senior officials to maintain <\/span><b>revenue collection, law and order and governance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Viceroy<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Viceroy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> acted as the <\/span><b>personal representative of the British monarch in India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> after the transfer of power from the East India Company to the Crown in 1858.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Viceroy exercised broad authority over British India&#8217;s <\/span><b>political, administrative, military and economic affairs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and implemented policies of the British government.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A major aspect of the Viceroy&#8217;s role was maintaining relations with the <\/span><b>princely states<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, making the office important in managing the political structure of British India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Viceroy also worked with the <\/span><b>Secretary of State for India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and other British authorities, linking India&#8217;s administration with the government in Britain.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In practice, after 1858, the <\/span><b>Governor General and Viceroy were the same person holding two titles<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The difference was mainly in the nature and emphasis of their roles: <\/span><b>Governor General represented administrative authority, while Viceroy represented the British Crown<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>List of Governors-General of India<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The office of <\/span><b>Governor-General<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> evolved during British rule in India. The <\/span><b>Regulating Act of 1773<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> created the post of Governor-General of Bengal, while the <\/span><b>Charter Act of 1833<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> changed the designation to <\/span><b>Governor-General of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The following table highlights the major Governors-General and their important contributions:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Governor-General<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><b>Tenure<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<p><b>\u00a0 \u00a0 Major Contributions and Events<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Warren Hastings<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1773-1785<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>First Governor-General of Bengal<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduced important <\/span><b>judicial and revenue reforms<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strengthened the administrative system of the East India Company.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Sir John Macpherson<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1785-1786<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Served as <\/span><b>Acting Governor-General of Bengal<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Continued the existing administrative policies of the Company.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Cornwallis<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1786-1793<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduced the <\/span><b>Permanent Settlement of Bengal (1793)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Established the <\/span><b>Cornwallis Code<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for civil, judicial and police administration.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduced reforms in the <\/span><b>Company&#8217;s civil services<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Sir John Shore<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1793-1798<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Followed a policy of <\/span><b>non-intervention<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the affairs of Indian states.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Charter Act of 1793<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was passed during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Wellesley<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1798-1805<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduced the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/subsidiary-alliance\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Subsidiary Alliance<\/b><\/a><b> System<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oversaw the <\/span><b>Fourth <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/anglo-mysore-wars\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Anglo-Mysore War<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and Second <\/span><b>Anglo-Maratha War<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Established <\/span><b>Fort William College<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 1800.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Sir George Barlow<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1805-1807<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Served as <\/span><b>Acting Governor-General<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Followed a policy of <\/span><b>financial economy and retrenchment<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Vellore Mutiny of 1806<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> occurred during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Minto I<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1807-1813<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Signed the <\/span><b>Treaty of Amritsar (1809)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with Maharaja Ranjit Singh.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Charter Act of 1813<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was passed during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Hastings<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1813-1823<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oversaw the <\/span><b>Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Led the British during the <\/span><b>Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduced the <\/span><b>Policy of Paramountcy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Amherst<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1823-1828<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oversaw the <\/span><b>First Anglo-Burmese War (1824-1826)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The war ended with the <\/span><b>Treaty of Yandabo<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Barrackpore Mutiny of 1824<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> occurred during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Lord William Bentinck<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1828-1835<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Abolished Sati in 1829<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Took measures against <\/span><b>female infanticide and Thuggee<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promoted <\/span><b>English education<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Sir Charles Metcalfe<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1835-1836<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Known as the <\/span><b>\u201cLiberator of the Indian Press.\u201d<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Removed several restrictions on the <\/span><b>Indian press<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Auckland<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1836-1842<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>First Anglo-Afghan War<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> took place during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promoted <\/span><b>education and commercial development<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Ellenborough<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1842-1844<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Followed an active policy towards neighbouring territories.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Sindh was annexed<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Hardinge I<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1844-1848<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>First Anglo-Sikh War (1845-1846)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> took place during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Treaty of Lahore<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> followed the British victory.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/lord-dalhousie\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Lord Dalhousie<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1848-1856<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduced <\/span><b>railways, telegraph and modern postal reforms<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Implemented the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/doctrine-of-lapse\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Doctrine of Lapse<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The first railway line between <\/span><b>Bombay and Thane<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was opened in 1853.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promoted the development of <\/span><b>public works and infrastructure<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 22.2491%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Canning<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.0266%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1856-1858<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 62.5151%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Was the <\/span><b>last Governor-General under East India Company rule<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Revolt of 1857<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> occurred during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Became the <\/span><b>first Viceroy of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> after the transfer of power to the British Crown in 1858.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><b>List of Viceroy of India<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The office of <\/span><b>Viceroy of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was introduced in <\/span><b>1858<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> after the end of East India Company rule. The Viceroy represented the <\/span><b>British Crown<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and remained the highest authority in British India until independence in 1947.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Viceroy<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><b>Tenure<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<p><b>\u00a0 \u00a0 Major Contributions and Events<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Canning<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1858-1862<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>First Viceroy of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Withdrew the <\/span><b>Doctrine of Lapse<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Indian Penal Code (1860)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>Indian High Courts Act (1861)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> were introduced.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Indian Councils Act (1861)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>Police Act (1861)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> were passed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Elgin I<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1862-1863<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His short tenure witnessed the <\/span><b>Wahabi Movement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">British authorities took measures to suppress the movement.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Lawrence<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1864-1869<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Followed the policy of <\/span><b>\u201cMasterly Inactivity\u201d<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Afghanistan.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Anglo-Bhutanese War (1864-1865)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> took place.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Punjab and Oudh Tenancy Acts<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> were passed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Mayo<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1869-1872<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduced <\/span><b>financial decentralisation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> between the Centre and provinces.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>first regular census of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was conducted in 1872.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Established the <\/span><b>Statistical Survey of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Northbrook<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1872-1876<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Kuka Movement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Punjab was an important event during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Gaekwad of Baroda<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was removed in 1875.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Bihar Famine of 1873-74<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> occurred during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Lytton<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1876-1880<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Organised the <\/span><b>Delhi Durbar of 1877<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to proclaim Queen Victoria as Empress of India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Passed the <\/span><b>Vernacular Press Act (1878)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>Arms Act (1878)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Great Famine of 1876-78<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> occurred during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reduced the maximum age for the <\/span><b>Civil Services examination<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from 21 to 19 years.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Ripon<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1880-1884<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Known as the <\/span><b>\u201cFather of Local Self-Government in India.\u201d<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Repealed the <\/span><b>Vernacular Press Act<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduced reforms to strengthen <\/span><b>local self-government<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>First Factory Act (1881)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was passed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Appointed the <\/span><b>Hunter Commission on Education (1882)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Ilbert Bill Controversy (1883)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> took place during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Dufferin<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1884-1888<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Indian National Congress was founded in 1885<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Third Anglo-Burmese War (1885-1886)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> took place.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Burma was annexed to British India in 1886.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Lansdowne<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1888-1894<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Indian Councils Act, 1892<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> introduced limited representation and discussion of the budget.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Second Factory Act (1891)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> provided regulations concerning working conditions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Durand Commission (1893)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was appointed to demarcate the India-Afghanistan boundary.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Elgin II<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1894-1899<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Great Famine of 1896-1897<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> occurred during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Curzon<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1899-1905<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Implemented the <\/span><b>Partition of Bengal in 1905<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Passed the <\/span><b>Indian Universities Act, 1904<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Raleigh Commission<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was appointed to review higher education.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promoted administrative and archaeological reforms and strengthened the <\/span><b>Archaeological Survey of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Cooperative Credit Societies Act, 1904<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was passed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Minto II<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1905-1910<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Morley-Minto Reforms of 1909<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> introduced <\/span><b>separate electorates for Muslims<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>All-India Muslim League was founded in 1906<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Surat Split in the Congress<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> occurred in 1907.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Swadeshi and Anti-Partition Movement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> continued during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Hardinge II<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1910-1916<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Partition of Bengal was annulled in 1911<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The capital was shifted from <\/span><b>Calcutta to Delhi in 1911-12<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Third Delhi Durbar<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was held in 1911.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Delhi conspiracy case<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and revolutionary activities were important developments during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Chelmsford<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1916-1921<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Government of India Act, 1919<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> introduced <\/span><b>dyarchy in the provinces<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Rowlatt Act (1919)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was passed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Home Rule Movement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> gained momentum during this period.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Jallianwala Bagh massacre (1919)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> occurred during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Reading<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1921-1926<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Non-Cooperation Movement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>Chauri Chaura incident (1922)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> occurred during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Swaraj Party<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was formed in 1923.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Rowlatt Act<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was repealed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The decision was taken to hold <\/span><b>ICS examinations simultaneously in India and Britain<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Irwin<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1926-1931<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Civil Disobedience Movement<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>Dandi March (1930)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> were launched.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Simon Commission<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was strongly opposed in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>First Round Table Conference (1930)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was held.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Gandhi-Irwin Pact (1931)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was signed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Willingdon<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1931-1936<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Second and Third Round Table Conferences<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> were held during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Communal Award (1932)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><b>Poona Pact (1932)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> were important developments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Government of India Act, 1935<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was passed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Civil disobedience and nationalist activities faced strong government action.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Linlithgow<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1936-1944<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Government of India Act, 1935<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was implemented and provincial elections were held in 1937.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>August Offer (1940)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was announced.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Cripps Mission (1942)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> arrived in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Quit India Movement (1942)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was launched during his tenure.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India was involved in <\/span><b>World War II<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> under British rule.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Wavell<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1944-1947<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduced the <\/span><b>Wavell Plan (1945)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and organised the <\/span><b>Shimla Conference<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Cabinet Mission (1946)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> came to India to discuss the transfer of power.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Direct Action Day (1946)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was observed amid growing political tensions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Interim Government<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was formed in 1946.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 18.6215%;\">\n<p><b>Lord Mountbatten<\/b><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.9614%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1947-1948<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.208%;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Last Viceroy of British India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Announced the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/mountbatten-plan\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Mountbatten Plan<\/b><\/a><b> (3 June 1947)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for the transfer of power and partition.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Indian Independence Act, 1947<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> provided the legal framework for independence.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Became the <\/span><b>first Governor-General of independent India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Difference Between Governor General and Viceroy covers their historical background, powers, authority, first and last holders, and roles under Company and Crown rule in India.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":120563,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[786],"tags":[9761,5126,5127,5107,5108],"class_list":["post-120740","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-general-studies","tag-difference-between-governor-general-and-viceroy","tag-history","tag-history-notes","tag-indian-polity","tag-indian-polity-notes","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/120740","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=120740"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/120740\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":120839,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/120740\/revisions\/120839"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/120563"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=120740"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=120740"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=120740"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}