{"id":13126,"date":"2023-05-09T07:11:05","date_gmt":"2023-05-09T01:41:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=13126"},"modified":"2025-05-27T13:38:54","modified_gmt":"2025-05-27T08:08:54","slug":"coal-gasification","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/coal-gasification\/","title":{"rendered":"Coal Gasification"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Coal Gasification Latest News<\/h2>\n<p>The Ministry of Coal has signed the Coal Gasification Plant Development and Production Agreement (CGPDPA) with selected applicants under Category II of the Coal Gasification Financial Incentive Scheme.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: 35px; font-style: inherit;\">What is Coal Gasification?<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Coal gasification<\/strong>\u00a0is a\u00a0<strong>thermo-chemical process<\/strong>\u00a0that converts\u00a0<strong>coal into syngas<\/strong>, a synthetic gas composed mainly of\u00a0<strong>carbon monoxide (CO)<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>hydrogen (H\u2082)<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>carbon dioxide (CO\u2082)<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>methane (CH\u2084)<\/strong>, and\u00a0<strong>water vapour (H\u2082O)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Coal is reacted at\u00a0<strong>high temperatures (1000\u20131400\u00b0C)<\/strong>\u00a0with a\u00a0<strong>controlled amount of oxygen and steam<\/strong>, producing\u00a0<strong>syngas<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Process of Coal Gasification<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Preparation<\/strong>: Coal is finely crushed to increase surface area.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gasification reactor<\/strong>: The powdered coal is fed into a\u00a0<strong>reactor<\/strong>\u00a0with\u00a0<strong>limited oxygen\/air and steam<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chemical reactions<\/strong>: Coal breaks down into syngas components due to partial oxidation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gas cleaning<\/strong>:\u00a0<strong>Impurities<\/strong>\u00a0like tar, sulfur, and dust are removed from raw syngas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ex-situ vs In-situ Gasification<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Aspect<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Ex-situ Gasification<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>In-situ Gasification<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Location<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Above ground in\u00a0<strong>controlled gasifiers<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Underground<\/strong>, in coal seams<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Process<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Coal is extracted and gasified in reactors<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Oxygen and steam<\/strong>\u00a0are injected into the coal seam to generate\u00a0<strong>syngas underground<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Application<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Suitable for\u00a0<strong>shallow reserves<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Ideal for\u00a0<strong>deep or unmineable coal seams<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Efficiency<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>More energy is used in mining and handling<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>More\u00a0<strong>energy-efficient<\/strong>\u00a0for deeper deposits<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<h2>About the Coal Gasification Financial Incentive Scheme\u00a0<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Launched<\/strong>: January 24, 2024.<\/li>\n<li>Total\u00a0<strong>outlay: \u20b98,500 crore<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Target:\u00a0<strong>Achieve 100 million tonnes of coal gasification by 2030<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Aim: To\u00a0<strong>efficiently utilise India\u2019s domestic coal reserves\u00a0<\/strong>for\u00a0<strong>sustainable industrial development<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>It promotes\u00a0<strong>both public and private sector participation<\/strong>\u00a0for setting up coal gasification infrastructure.<\/li>\n<li>Aligned with India\u2019s goal of a\u00a0<strong>clean coal transition<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>energy security<\/strong>, and\u00a0<strong>reduction of import dependency<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Coal Gasification FAQs<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Q1.\u00a0<\/strong>What is coal gasification?<br \/>\n<strong>Ans.<\/strong>\u00a0Coal gasification is a process of converting coal into syngas (a mixture of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide), which can be used for power generation and as chemical feedstock.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q2.\u00a0<\/strong>What are syngas used for?<br \/>\n<strong>Ans.<\/strong>\u00a0Syngas is used for electricity generation, production of methanol, fertilisers, and as a substitute for natural gas.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2127819\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">PIB<\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"allow-copy_covered_elem_id_1748333026853\" class=\"allow-copy_cover allow-copy_cover__minimized allow-copy_cover__on-elem\" style=\"top: 0px; left: 0px; width: 1165.78px; height: 323.5px;\" data-check-covered-elem-position-interval=\"25\"><span class=\"allow-copy__beta-testing-label\" title=\"Sorry :( \nIt is beta functionality.\nIt can works incorrectly.\nTurn off in setting if you dislike it.\">Beta feature<i class=\"allow-copy__settings\">  <\/i><\/span><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"allow-copy_covered_elem_id_1748333247047\" class=\"allow-copy_cover allow-copy_cover__minimized allow-copy_cover__on-elem\" style=\"top: 0px; left: 0px; width: 1165.78px; height: 323.5px;\" data-check-covered-elem-position-interval=\"133\">\n<ul class=\"allow-copy_cover-actions\">\n<li class=\"allow-copy_cover-action allow-copy_grab-btn\" title=\"Grab Text\">\u00a0<\/li>\n<li class=\"allow-copy_cover-action allow-copy_copy-to-clipboard-btn allow-copy__hidden\" title=\"Copy full text to clipboard\">\u00a0<\/li>\n<li class=\"allow-copy_cover-action allow-copy_reset-btn allow-copy__hidden\" title=\"Clear Text\">\u00a0<\/li>\n<li class=\"allow-copy_cover-action  allow-copy_maximize-btn\" title=\"Maximize\">\u00a0<\/li>\n<li class=\"allow-copy_cover-action allow-copy_minimize-btn allow-copy__hidden\" title=\"Minimize\">\u00a0<\/li>\n<li class=\"allow-copy_cover-action allow-copy_beta-icon \" title=\"Sorry :( \nIt is beta functionality.\nIt can works incorrectly.\nTurn off in setting if you dislike it.\">Beta<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"allow-copy__beta-testing-label\" title=\"Sorry :( \nIt is beta functionality.\nIt can works incorrectly.\nTurn off in setting if you dislike it.\">Beta feature<i class=\"allow-copy__settings\">  <\/i><\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Coal gasification converts coal into syngas\u2014a mix of CO, H\u2082, and CO\u2082\u2014used for power generation, fuels, and chemical production. Efficient and cleaner energy option.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":47826,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[493,21,23],"class_list":{"0":"post-13126","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"tag-coal-gasification","9":"tag-prelims-pointers","10":"tag-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","11":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13126"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13126\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/47826"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13126"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13126"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}