{"id":13398,"date":"2023-07-25T08:21:52","date_gmt":"2023-07-25T02:51:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=13398"},"modified":"2025-04-02T04:03:10","modified_gmt":"2025-04-01T22:33:10","slug":"what-is-fragile-x-syndrome-fxs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/what-is-fragile-x-syndrome-fxs\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Fragile X Syndrome (FXS)?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>About Fragile X Syndrome:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>It is an <strong>inherited genetic disease<\/strong> passed down from parents to children that causes intellectual and developmental disabilities.<\/li>\n<li>It is also known <strong>as Martin-Bell syndrome.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It is the most common hereditary <strong>cause of mental disability in boys<\/strong>. It affects 1 in 4,000 boys.<\/li>\n<li>It\u2019s <strong>less common in girls<\/strong>, affecting about 1 in every 8,000. Boys usually have more severe symptoms than girls.<\/li>\n<li>People with FXS usually experience a range of <strong>developmental and learning problems.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The disease is a <strong>chronic or lifelong condition<\/strong>. Only some people with FXS are able to live independently.<\/li>\n<li>The peculiar quality of this disease is that <strong>if it is inherited by the father<\/strong>, then <strong>it will only affect the daughter<\/strong>, but <strong>if it is inherited<\/strong> by <strong>the mother<\/strong>, then it can affect both genders.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><strong>What are the causes?<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>It is caused by a defect in the <strong>FMR1 gene<\/strong> located on the X chromosome.<\/li>\n<li>The defect, or mutation, on the FMR1 gene prevents the gene from properly making a <strong>protein called the fragile X mental retardation 1 protein<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>This protein plays a role in the functioning of the nervous system.<\/li>\n<li>The exact function of the protein is not fully understood. A lack or shortage of this protein causes the symptoms characteristic of FXS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Treatment<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>It <strong>cannot be cured<\/strong>. Treatment is aimed at helping people with the condition learn key language and social skills.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1) What is a gene?<\/h3>\n<p>A gene is a segment of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that contains the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, and reproduction of living organisms. Genes are the basic units of heredity and play a fundamental role in determining various traits and characteristics of an organism.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/cities\/delhi\/world-fragile-x-day-shines-light-on-intellectual-disability-8855137\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>World Fragile X Day shines light on intellectual disability<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fragile X Syndrome<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":13399,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-13398","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13398","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13398"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13398\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13399"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13398"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13398"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13398"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}