{"id":14005,"date":"2023-08-15T10:11:06","date_gmt":"2023-08-15T04:41:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=14005"},"modified":"2025-04-02T09:07:23","modified_gmt":"2025-04-02T03:37:23","slug":"what-is-preventive-detention","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/what-is-preventive-detention\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Preventive Detention?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>About Preventive Detention<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Preventive detention refers to the <strong>detention of an individual without a trial or conviction by a court.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>The primary objective<\/strong> of preventive detention <strong>is not to punish an individual for a past offence but to prevent them from committing an offence in the future.<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Preventive detention laws are <strong>enacted by governments to ensure public safety and maintain social order.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Constitutional Provisions and Safeguards:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Article 22<\/strong> of the Indian Constitution <strong>grants protection to individuals who are arrested or detained.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It <strong>has two parts<\/strong>\u2014the <strong>first part deals with cases of ordinary law<\/strong>, which includes situations where an individual is detained as part of a criminal investigation.<\/li>\n<li>The <strong>second part deals with cases of preventive detention law<\/strong>, which pertains to the detention of individuals without a trial or conviction.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Article 22 (4)<\/strong> states that <strong>no law providing for preventive detention shall authorise the detention of a person for a longer period than three months unless an Advisory Board reports sufficient cause for extended detention.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The <strong>detainee is entitled to know the grounds of his detention<\/strong>. <strong>The state, however, may refuse to divulge the grounds of detention if it is in the public interest <\/strong>to do so.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>The <strong>detaining authorities must give the detainee earliest opportunities for making representation<\/strong> against the detention.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Who can make laws under Preventive Detention?<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Parliament has the exclusive power to enact a law<\/strong> for preventive detention for the <strong>reasons connected with defence, foreign affairs, or security of India.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><strong>Both Parliament and State Legislature have powers to enact a law<\/strong> for preventive detention <strong>for the reasons related to the maintenance of public order or the maintenance of supplies or services essential to the community.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Laws that provide for Preventive Detention<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>In India, various laws provide for preventive detention, including the <strong>National Security Act (NSA) of 1980<\/strong>, the <strong>Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA) of 1967<\/strong>, and <strong>state-specific laws like the Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA<\/strong>) and the Public Safety Acts (PSA) in certain states.<\/li>\n<li>Under these laws, <strong>authorities can detain an individual for a specific period<\/strong>, typically up to 12 months, without presenting formal charges or conducting a trial.<\/li>\n<li>The <strong>detention order is issued by a designated authority or government official and is subject to periodic revie<\/strong>w by an advisory board.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1)\u00a0What is a trial by a court?<\/h3>\n<p>A trial by a court refers to a legal proceeding in which a dispute or case is presented, examined, and resolved by a judge or a panel of judges. Trials are a fundamental part of the judicial process and are used to determine the guilt or innocence of a defendant in criminal cases or to establish liability or remedy in civil cases. During a trial, evidence is presented, witnesses are examined and cross-examined, and legal arguments are made by the parties involved.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newindianexpress.com\/states\/kerala\/2023\/aug\/16\/invoke-pre-trial-detention-only-to-maintain-public-order-kerala-hc-2605601.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Invoke pre-trial detention only to maintain public order: Kerala HC<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Preventive detention refers to the detention of an individual without a trial or conviction by a court.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":14006,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-14005","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14005","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14005"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14005\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14006"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14005"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14005"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14005"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}