{"id":15883,"date":"2023-10-15T05:00:40","date_gmt":"2023-10-14T23:30:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=15883"},"modified":"2025-04-03T20:30:16","modified_gmt":"2025-04-03T15:00:16","slug":"writ-jurisdiction-of-high-courts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/writ-jurisdiction-of-high-courts\/","title":{"rendered":"Writ Jurisdiction of High Courts"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>About Writ Jurisdiction of High Courts:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>According to\u00a0<strong>Articles 12-35<\/strong> of the Indian Constitution,\u00a0<strong>every citizen is given<\/strong> a number of\u00a0<strong>Fundamental rights.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Article 32 and Article 226<\/strong> provide a\u00a0<strong>remedy for the protection of fundamental rights<\/strong> by\u00a0<strong>allowing the Supreme Court and the High Court\u2019s, respectively<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>to issue writs<\/strong> when a citizen&#8217;s basic rights are violated.<\/li>\n<li>It allows the courts to\u00a0<strong>issue formal orders to the authorities in cases of violations of fundamental rights<\/strong> by government authorities or government bodies.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><strong>Article 226<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>empowers<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>the High Courts to issue writs not only fo<\/strong>r\u00a0<strong>the enforcement<\/strong> of\u00a0<strong>fundamental rights but also for any other legal right<\/strong>. Thus,\u00a0<strong>writ jurisdiction of the High Court is wider than that of Supreme Court<\/strong> (SC) because the\u00a0<strong>SC can issue writs<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>only<\/strong> for the\u00a0<strong>enforcement of fundamental rights<\/strong> under Article 32.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The remedy<\/strong> provided\u00a0<strong>under Article 226<\/strong> of the Constitution\u00a0<strong>is a discretionary remedy<\/strong> of the court and thereby\u00a0<strong>cannot be claimed as a matter of right<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Thus,\u00a0<strong>unlike the Supreme Court<\/strong>, which m<strong>ust issue writs when fundamental rights are violated<\/strong> (since the right to approach the SC in case of a violation of a Fundamental Right is in itself a Fundamental Right), the\u00a0<strong>High Court has discretion\u00a0<\/strong>when granting writs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Under Article<\/strong> 226, a\u00a0<strong>writ petition can be filed before any High Court<\/strong> within\u00a0<strong>whose jurisdiction the cause of action arises<\/strong>, either wholly or in part.<\/li>\n<li>It is\u00a0<strong>immaterial if the authority against<\/strong> whom the\u00a0<strong>writ petition is filed is within the territory\u00a0<\/strong>or not<strong>.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Types of writs mentioned in the Indian Constitution:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Habeas Corpus:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u2018Habeas Corpus\u2019\u00a0<strong>literally means \u201cto have a body of<\/strong>\u201d.<\/li>\n<li>This writ is\u00a0<strong>used to release a person who has been unlawfully detained<\/strong> or imprisoned.<\/li>\n<li>By virtue of this writ, the\u00a0<strong>Court directs<\/strong> the person so d<strong>etained to be brought before it\u00a0<\/strong>to examine the legality of his detention.<\/li>\n<li><strong>If the Court concludes<\/strong> that the\u00a0<strong>detention was unlawful,<\/strong> then it\u00a0<strong>directs the person to be released i<\/strong>mmediately.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mandamus:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Mandamus\u2019\u00a0<strong>means \u2018we command\u2019<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>It is issued by the Court\u00a0<strong>to direct a public authority to perform the legal duties<\/strong> which\u00a0<strong>it has not or refused to perform.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It can be\u00a0<strong>issued by the Court against a public official, public corporation<\/strong>, tribunal,\u00a0<strong>inferior court<\/strong> or the government.<\/li>\n<li>It\u00a0<strong>cannot be issued against a private individual<\/strong> or body, the\u00a0<strong>President<\/strong> or\u00a0<strong>Governors<\/strong> of States, or against a\u00a0<strong>working Chief Justices.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Prohibition<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>It is issued<\/strong> by the High Court or the Supreme Court<strong> to the subordinate court<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>or<\/strong> the\u00a0<strong>tribunal<\/strong> to\u00a0<strong>prevent them from exceeding their jurisdiction<\/strong> which hasn\u2019t been vested upon them under the law.<\/li>\n<li>It\u00a0<strong>cannot be applied to statutory bodies, administrative agencies<\/strong>, or private individuals or businesses.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Only judicial and quasi-judicial organisations are subject to<\/strong> it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Certiorari<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>It is issued<\/strong> by the High Court or the Supreme Court\u00a0<strong>to the judicial or quasi-judicial authorities when such authority passes the order without having jurisdiction<\/strong> in such case, exceeding the jurisdiction conferred upon it,\u00a0<strong>or when it violates the principle of natural justice.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It is\u00a0<strong>issued against a lower court or tribunal<\/strong> in order<strong> to transfer the matter to another superior body<\/strong> for careful consideration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Quo Warranto:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>It is issued by the court\u00a0<strong>to inquire into the legality of the claim made by the person who is holding a public office.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>ministerial office cannot be the target<\/strong> of it.<\/li>\n<li>This writ is\u00a0<strong>used to determine who has the legal authority to hold a public office<\/strong> in the event of a disagreement.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1) What are legal rights?<\/h3>\n<p>Legal rights are the rights that are given to the citizens of a country by the government to enjoy certain freedoms. These rights affect every citizen. There is no remedy for the infringement of these except for the law itself. Legal rights can be differentiated from moral rights or natural rights or even fundamental rights. E.g. Right to vote, right to sue.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.livelaw.in\/high-court\/allahabad-high-court\/allahabad-high-court-ruling-supreme-court-holds-exclusive-jurisdiction-contempt-cases-for-non-compliance-order-240142\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><u>High Court Cannot Exercise Writ Jurisdiction To Have Supreme Court Judgment Complied With: Allahabad HC<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Writs, Writ Jurisdiction , Allahabad High Court , Fundamental rights, Article 32 , Article 226, basic rights , legal right, Habeas Corpus, to have a body of, Mandamus, public authority , legal duties, Prohibition, subordinate court, quasi-judicial organisations, Certiorari, jurisdiction , Quo Warranto, Prelims Pointers, current affairs for Prelims revision, UPSC Current Affairs, daily current affairs<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":15884,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-15883","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15883","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15883"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15883\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15884"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15883"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15883"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15883"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}