{"id":16510,"date":"2023-10-31T02:04:40","date_gmt":"2023-10-30T20:34:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=16510"},"modified":"2025-04-04T19:54:19","modified_gmt":"2025-04-04T14:24:19","slug":"haemoglobin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/haemoglobin\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Haemoglobin (Hb)?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>About Haemoglobin (Hb)<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>It is an\u00a0iron-containing protein found in the red blood cells\u00a0that\u00a0carries oxygen from the\u00a0lungs to the body&#8217;s tissues and\u00a0returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs.<\/li>\n<li>It is\u00a0made up of four protein molecules (globulin chains) that are\u00a0connected together.<\/li>\n<li>Haemoglobin forms an unstable reversible bond with oxygen.\u00a0In the oxygenated state, it is called oxyhemoglobin and\u00a0is bright red; in the reduced state, it is purplish blue.<\/li>\n<li>It also plays an\u00a0important role in maintaining the shape of the RBCs. In their natural shape, RBCs are round with narrow centers resembling a donut without a hole in the middle.\u00a0Abnormal haemoglobin structure can, therefore,\u00a0disrupt the shape of RBCs\u00a0and impede their function and flow through blood vessels.<\/li>\n<li>Haemoglobin levels\u00a0vary from person to person.\u00a0Men usually have higher levels than women.<\/li>\n<li>What does a low haemoglobin level mean?\n<ul>\n<li>A low haemoglobin level is referred to as anemia or low red blood count.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>A lower than normal\u00a0number of RBCs is referred to as anemia and\u00a0haemoglobin levels reflect this number.<\/li>\n<li>Some of the more\u00a0common causes of anemia are:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>loss of blood (traumatic injury, surgery, bleeding, colon cancer, or stomach ulcer),<\/li>\n<li>nutritional deficiency (iron, vitamin B12, folate),<\/li>\n<li>bone marrow problems (replacement of bone marrow by cancer),<\/li>\n<li>suppression by red blood cell synthesis\u00a0by chemotherapy drugs,<\/li>\n<li>kidney failure, and<\/li>\n<li>abnormal hemoglobin structure (sickle cell anemia or thalassemia).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1) What are Proteins?<\/h3>\n<p>Proteins are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body. They do most of the work in cells and are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body\u2019s tissues and organs. Proteins are made up of hundreds or thousands of smaller units called amino acids, which are attached to one another in long chains. There are 20 different types of amino acids that can be combined to make a protein.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/haemoglobin-blood-chondrocyte-cells-in-major-discovery\/article67461905.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Haemoglobin isn\u2019t used only in blood, scientists find in major discovery<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Haemoglobin (Hb) is an iron-containing protein found in the red blood cells.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":16511,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-16510","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16510","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16510"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16510\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16511"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16510"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16510"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16510"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}