{"id":17220,"date":"2023-11-21T09:40:51","date_gmt":"2023-11-21T04:10:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=17220"},"modified":"2025-04-05T02:55:14","modified_gmt":"2025-04-04T21:25:14","slug":"epidermis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/epidermis\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Epidermis?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>About Epidermis<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>It is the\u00a0outermost layer of the skin and\u00a0protects the body from the environment.<\/li>\n<li>The\u00a0thickness of the epidermis\u00a0varies in different types of skin; it is only .05 mm thick on the eyelids and 1.5 mm thick on the palms and the soles of the feet.<\/li>\n<li>The epidermis layer itself is\u00a0made up of five sublayers that work together to continually\u00a0rebuild the surface of the skin:<\/li>\n<li>The various cells present in epidermis are Keratinocytes,\u00a0Melanocytes, Langerhans cells, and Merkel cells.<\/li>\n<li>Keratinocytes:\n<ul>\n<li>They are the\u00a0most common type of cell in the epidermis and are responsible for the\u00a0synthesis of the protein keratin.<\/li>\n<li>These cells exist in progressive stages of differentiation from the deepest to the superficial layers of cells.<\/li>\n<li>Moreover, keratinocytes\u00a0originate from the basal layer, which is the\u00a0deepest layer of the\u00a0epidermis, and\u00a0gradually move up to\u00a0the outside layer of the epidermis.<\/li>\n<li>Here, keratinocytes are shed from the skin and replaced by new maturing cells.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Melanocytes:\n<ul>\n<li>They are another type of cell in the epidermis that is\u00a0present throughout the basal layer.<\/li>\n<li>These cells are\u00a0responsible for the production of melanin,\u00a0which contributes to the color of the skin of the individual.<\/li>\n<li>Melanin also helps to protect the body from ultraviolet (UV) radiation present in sunlight that can damage the DNA of the skin cells.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Langerhans cells:\n<ul>\n<li>Langerhans cells produced in the bone marrow are also present in the epidermis and\u00a0work to detect foreign substances and infections as part of the immune system of the skin.<\/li>\n<li>These cells are also thought to be\u00a0involved in the development of skin allergies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Merkel cells:\n<ul>\n<li>Merkel cells originate from neural crest cells and are\u00a0responsible for the perception of gentle touch.<\/li>\n<li>These cells are\u00a0present in the epidermis in specific areas of the skin, such as the nail beds and genitalia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>What is Dermis?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>It is\u00a0located beneath the epidermis and\u00a0is the thickest of the three layers of the skin (1.5 to 4 mm thick),\u00a0making up approximately\u00a090 percent of the thickness of the skin.<\/li>\n<li>The\u00a0main functions of the dermis\u00a0are to regulate temperature\u00a0and\u00a0to supply the epidermis with nutrient-saturated blood.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Much of the body&#8217;s water supply is stored within the dermis.\u00a0This layer\u00a0contains most of the skins&#8217; specialized cells and structures.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1) What is haemoglobin?<\/h3>\n<p>Hemoglobin (abbreviated Hgb or Hb) is the protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body&#8217;s tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs. Hemoglobin is made up of four protein molecules (globulin chains) that are connected together.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/lifestyle\/health\/discovery-of-haemoglobin-in-epidermis-throws-light-on-skins-protective-features-study-101700293017978.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Discovery of haemoglobin in epidermis throws light on skin&#8217;s protective features: Study<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin and protects the body from the environment.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":17221,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-17220","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17220","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17220"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17220\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17221"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17220"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17220"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17220"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}