{"id":18848,"date":"2024-01-02T03:36:35","date_gmt":"2024-01-01T22:06:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=18848"},"modified":"2025-04-05T13:38:57","modified_gmt":"2025-04-05T08:08:57","slug":"bubble-baby-syndrome","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/bubble-baby-syndrome\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Bubble Baby Syndrome?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>About Bubble Baby Syndrome<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8216;Bubble baby syndrome,&#8217; known medically as\u00a0Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) is very\u00a0rare genetic disorder that causes life-threatening\u00a0problems with the immune system.<\/li>\n<li>It is a type of\u00a0primary immune deficiency.<\/li>\n<li>The disease is known as \u201cliving in the bubble\u201d syndrome\u00a0because living in a normal environment can be fatal to a child who has it.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>What happens in SCID?\n<ul>\n<li>In a developing baby, the\u00a0immune system starts in the bone marrow. Stem cells can become any of three different types of blood cells.\n<ul>\n<li>red blood cells<\/li>\n<li>white blood cells<\/li>\n<li>platelets<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>White blood cells (WBCs) protect the body from infections\u00a0and foreign invaders. There are\u00a0different kinds of\u00a0WBCs,\u00a0including lymphocytes.<\/li>\n<li>Lymphocytes come in two main types: B-cells and T-cells. These cells are key to fighting infections.\n<ul>\n<li>T cells identify, attack, and kill\u00a0&#8220;invaders.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>B cells make antibodies that &#8220;remember&#8221; an infection and are ready in case the body is exposed to it again.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>SCID is a &#8220;combined&#8221; immunodeficiency because it\u00a0affects both of these infection-fighting\u00a0white blood cells.<\/li>\n<li>In SCID, the child&#8217;s body has too few lymphocytes or lymphocytes that don&#8217;t work properly.<\/li>\n<li>Because the immune system doesn&#8217;t work as it should, it can be difficult or\u00a0impossible for it to battle the germs\u2014viruses, bacteria, and fungi\u2014that cause infections.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Causes:\n<ul>\n<li>Inherited mutations\u00a0in more than a\u00a0different genes cause SCID.<\/li>\n<li>This means\u00a0one or both birth parents pass down the disease to their child.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Symptoms: Babies with SCID may\u00a0appear healthy at birth, but\u00a0problems can start soon after, such as:\n<ul>\n<li>failure to thrive<\/li>\n<li>chronic diarrhea<\/li>\n<li>frequent, often serious\u00a0respiratory infections<\/li>\n<li>oral thrush (a type of yeast infection in the mouth)<\/li>\n<li>other\u00a0bacterial, viral, or fungal\u00a0infections that can be serious and hard to treat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Treatment:\n<ul>\n<li>SCID is a pediatric emergency. Without treatment, babies are\u00a0not likely to survive\u00a0past their first birthday.<\/li>\n<li>The most common treatment is a stem cell transplant (also called a bone marrow transplant). This means the child receives stem cells from a donor. The hope is that these new cells will rebuild the child&#8217;s immune system.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1) What is bone marrow?<\/h3>\n<p>Bone marrow is the soft, fatty tissue inside of the bones in your body. Bone marrow contains cells that produce blood cells and platelets and it is responsible for making billions of new blood cells each day.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.deccanherald.com\/india\/two-month-old-becomes-the-youngest-to-get-bone-marrow-transplant-in-mumbai-2830602\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Two-month-old becomes the youngest to get bone marrow transplant in Mumbai<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8216;Bubble baby syndrome,&#8217; known medically as Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) is a very rare genetic disorder that causes life-threatening problems with the immune system. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":18849,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-18848","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18848","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18848"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18848\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18849"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18848"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18848"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18848"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}