{"id":19901,"date":"2024-01-30T02:07:26","date_gmt":"2024-01-29T20:37:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=19901"},"modified":"2025-04-05T20:42:48","modified_gmt":"2025-04-05T15:12:48","slug":"what-is-mitochondrial-coxiella-effector-f-mcef","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/what-is-mitochondrial-coxiella-effector-f-mcef\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Mitochondrial coxiella effector F (MceF)?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>About Mitochondrial coxiella effector F (MceF):<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a <strong>bacterial protein capable of keeping human cells healthy<\/strong> even when the cells have a heavy bacterial burden.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>It is <strong>produced by Coxiella burnetii<\/strong>, a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium.<\/li>\n<li>After invading host cells, Coxiella burnetii releases MceF into cells.<\/li>\n<li><strong>MceF interacts with glutathione peroxidase 4<\/strong> (GPX4), <strong>an anti-oxidant enzyme located in the mitochondria,<\/strong> to improve mitochondrial function by <strong>promoting an anti-oxidizing effect that averts cell damage and death<\/strong>, which may occur when pathogens replicate inside mammalian cells.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Key Facts about Coxiella burnetii:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a <strong>Gram-negative intracellular bacterium<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>It is the <strong>causative agent of<\/strong> a serious infection called <strong>Q fever, <\/strong>a <strong>zoonotic disease that can affect humans and animals.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The bacterium is <strong>primarily transmitted to humans through the inhalation of contaminated aerosols from infected animals<\/strong>, particularly through the air-borne particles from placental tissues, urine, feces, and milk of infected domestic animals like cattle, sheep, and goats.<\/li>\n<li>It <strong>causes atypical pneumonia in humans<\/strong> and <strong>coxiellosis in some animals,<\/strong> such as cattle, sheep, and goats.<\/li>\n<li>It is highly <strong>adapted to invade and control macrophages and monocytes<\/strong>\u2013white blood cells that are part of the organism\u2019s front-line immune defense\u2013<strong>inhibiting the host\u2019s responses to the infection.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00b7 Unlike other bacteria, which cause disease only when they multiply to reach large numbers, <strong>a single C. burnetii is enough to make a healthy person sick.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Q1<\/strong>: What is Mitochondria?<\/h3>\n<p>Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular) that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell&#8217;s biochemical reactions. Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondria contain their own small chromosomes. Generally, mitochondria, and therefore mitochondrial DNA, are inherited only from the mother.<\/p>\n<p>\n<strong>Source:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/scitechdaily.com\/scientists-have-discovered-a-previously-unknown-protein-capable-of-keeping-human-cells-healthy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong>Scientists Have Discovered a Previously Unknown Protein Capable of Keeping Human Cells Healthy<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mitochondrial coxiella effector F is a bacterial protein capable of keeping human cells healthy even when the cells have a heavy bacterial burden. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":19902,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-19901","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19901","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19901"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19901\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19902"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19901"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19901"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19901"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}