{"id":20128,"date":"2024-02-05T06:07:44","date_gmt":"2024-02-05T00:37:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=20128"},"modified":"2025-04-05T22:34:05","modified_gmt":"2025-04-05T17:04:05","slug":"what-is-the-grapes-3-experiment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/what-is-the-grapes-3-experiment\/","title":{"rendered":"What is the GRAPES-3 experiment?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>About GRAPES-3 experiment:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Gamma Ray Astronomy PeV EnergieS phase-3<\/strong> (GRAPES-3) is designed to <strong>studycosmic rays<\/strong> with an array of air shower detectors and a large area muon detector.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Location:<\/strong> It is located in Ooty, India.<\/li>\n<li>It is operated by the <strong>Tata Institute of Fundamental Research.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It aims to probe acceleration of cosmic rays in different astrophysical settings.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Its objectives are <\/strong>to study<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>o The <strong>origin, acceleration and propagation<\/strong> of &gt;1014 eV cosmic rays in the galaxy and beyond.<\/p>\n<p>o <strong>Existence of \u201cKnee\u201d<\/strong> in the energy spectrum of cosmic rays.<\/p>\n<p>o \u00a0Production and\/or acceleration of highest energy (~1020 eV) cosmic rays in the universe.<\/p>\n<p>o Astronomy of multi-TeV \u03b3-rays from neutron stars and other compact object.<\/p>\n<p>o Sun the closest astrophysical object, accelerator of energetic particles and its effects on the Earth.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Key facts about Cosmic rays<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>These rays were discovered more than a century ago.<\/li>\n<li>They are considered to be <strong>the most energetic particles<\/strong> in the universe.<\/li>\n<li>Our planet is constantly bombarded by them from outer space almost uniformly from all directions at a constant rate.<\/li>\n<li>They enter into Earth&#8217;s atmosphere and induce a shower of particles that travel to the ground almost at the speed of light.<\/li>\n<li>The shower particles constitute electrons, <strong>photons, muons, protons, neutrons<\/strong> etc.<\/li>\n<li>They have been observed over a remarkably wide energy range (108 to 1020 eV).\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1: What are Muons?<\/h3>\n<p>Muons are subatomic particles raining from space. The muon was discovered as a constituent of cosmic-ray particle \u201cshowers\u201d in 1936 by the American physicists Carl D. Andersonand Seth Neddermeyer. They are created when the particles in Earth\u2019s atmosphere collide with cosmic rays \u2014 clusters of high-energy particles that move through space at just below the speed of light.<\/p>\n<p>\n<strong>Source:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2024-02-kink-proton-spectrum-knowledge-cosmic.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong>A<\/strong> new kink in the proton spectrum to enhance our knowledge of cosmic ray origin<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>GRAPES-3 experiment  is designed to study cosmic rays with an array of air shower detectors and a large area muon detector.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":20129,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-20128","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20128","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20128"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20128\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20128"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20128"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20128"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}