{"id":20668,"date":"2024-02-20T06:50:31","date_gmt":"2024-02-20T01:20:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=20668"},"modified":"2025-04-06T02:50:57","modified_gmt":"2025-04-05T21:20:57","slug":"morodharo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/morodharo\/","title":{"rendered":"Morodharo"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>About Morodharo<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a\u00a0fortified settlement dating back to the\u00a0Harappan-era.<\/li>\n<li>Location: Kutch District, Gujarat<\/li>\n<li>Features:\n<ul>\n<li>The settlement\u00a0looks mature (2,600-1,900BCE) to late (1,900-1,300 BCE) Harappan.<\/li>\n<li>The fortification measures 102 m east to the west and 58 m north to the south.<\/li>\n<li>The thickness of the wall is an average of 3.3 m.<\/li>\n<li>It has a\u00a010&#215;10 m platform on the south-west side and a well on the north-east.<\/li>\n<li>Burial cairns, which are\u00a0mounds of stones to demarcate a boundary, are\u00a0also found\u00a0here.<\/li>\n<li>Harappan pottery with perforated jar sherds, reserved slipware, and terracotta cakes were unearthed. All these\u00a0items have a striking resemblance to those found in Dholavira.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Key Facts about Harappan Civilization<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>The Indus Valley\/Harappan civilisation was the\u00a0first urban civilisation in South Asia,\u00a0coexisting with Mesopotamia and Egypt.<\/li>\n<li>The Harappan civilisation\u00a0occupied the largest area (approximately 8,00,000 sq km)\u00a0among the three\u00a0civilisations.<\/li>\n<li>Harappa (Punjab, Pakistan),\u00a0Mohenjo-Daro\u00a0(Sindh, Pakistan),\u00a0Dholavira, Lothal, and\u00a0Surkotada (Gujarat, India),\u00a0Kalibangan and\u00a0Banawali (Rajasthan, India), and\u00a0Rakhigarhi (Haryana, India) are the\u00a0major cities in the Harappan period.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>The\u00a0features of town planning of Harappan civilisation included:\u00a0\n<ul>\n<li>Rectangular grid pattern: The Harappan cities were designed on a grid pattern, with\u00a0streets running in a north-south and east-west direction, forming a well-organized layout.\u00a0Streets and lanes were cutting across one another almost\u00a0at right angles,\u00a0thus dividing the city into several\u00a0rectangular blocks.<\/li>\n<li>Planned streets and alleyways: The streets and alleyways of Harappan cities were planned and constructed with precision. They were\u00a0wide enough to allow the movement of carts and pedestrians, and some streets had covered drains running alongside them.<\/li>\n<li>Fortification: The cities were\u00a0surrounded by fortified walls made of mud bricks,\u00a0providing protection against robbers, cattle raiders, and floods.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Division of cities: The city was divided into\u00a0two parts: an upraised citadel and the lower part of the city.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Upper part: An upraised citadel\u00a0in the western part was used for\u00a0constructing buildings of large dimensions, such as\u00a0granaries, administrative buildings, pillared halls, and\u00a0courtyards.<\/li>\n<li>Lower part: Below the citadel in each city lay a lower town containing\u00a0brick houses,\u00a0which were inhabited by the common people.<\/li>\n<li>Material used: They used\u00a0burnt bricks on a large scale in almost all kinds of constructions, and there was the\u00a0absence of stone buildings during Harappan culture.<\/li>\n<li>Residential areas: The cities were divided into\u00a0distinct residential areas.\u00a0Houses\u00a0were made of baked bricks, often with\u00a0multiple stories, indicating a well-developed urban society. The houses were\u00a0generally built around courtyards, and\u00a0some had private wells and properly\u00a0ventilated bathrooms.\u00a0No window faced the streets, and the\u00a0houses had tiled bathrooms.<\/li>\n<li>Sophisticated drainage systems: The drainage system of the Harappans was elaborate and well laid out.\u00a0Every house had drains, which\u00a0opened into the street drains. Drains were made of mortar, lime, and gypsum.<\/li>\n<li>Granaries and storage facilities: The cities had well-planned granaries and storage facilities to store surplus agricultural produce.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1) What is Mesopotamia?<\/h3>\n<p>Mesopotamia (from the Greek, meaning &#8216;between two rivers&#8217;) was an ancient region located in the eastern Mediterranean bounded in the northeast by the Zagros Mountains and in the southeast by the Arabian Plateau, corresponding to modern-day Iraq and parts of Iran, Syria, Kuwait, and Turkey and known as the Fertile Crescent and the cradle of civilization.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/city\/rajkot\/kutch-villagers-treasure-hunt-helps-unearth-harappan-site-near-dholavira\/articleshow\/107832569.cms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Kutch villagers&#8217; treasure hunt helps unearth Harappan site near Dholavira<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Morodharo is a fortified settlement dating back to the Harappan-era.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":20669,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-20668","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20668","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20668"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20668\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20669"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20668"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20668"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20668"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}