{"id":21128,"date":"2024-03-02T07:23:29","date_gmt":"2024-03-02T01:53:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=21128"},"modified":"2025-04-06T10:03:05","modified_gmt":"2025-04-06T04:33:05","slug":"semiconductor-fabrication","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/semiconductor-fabrication\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Semiconductor fabrication?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>About Semiconductor fabrication<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>A semiconductor fab &#8212; short for fabrication &#8212; is a manufacturing plant in\u00a0which raw silicon wafers\u00a0are turned into\u00a0integrated circuits (ICs).<\/li>\n<li>The process includes creating intricate patterns on the wafer\u00a0using light and chemicals, depositing different materials to form components, and etching away unwanted materials.<\/li>\n<li>This results in the formation of transistors, interconnects, and other elements that make up a semiconductor device.<\/li>\n<li>Fabrication is a complex and precise process that requires specialized equipment and expertise.<\/li>\n<li>A semiconductor fab facility\u00a0always includes a clean room because its environment is carefully controlled to eliminate dust and vibrations and to keep the temperature and humidity within a specific narrow range.<\/li>\n<li>Contamination can enter the fab environment through external sources, resulting in damages to products that can affect overall yield.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>What kind of technology is used in fabs?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Photolithography:\n<ul>\n<li>It is a crucial step in semiconductor fabrication where\u00a0patterns are transferred onto silicon wafers.<\/li>\n<li>A photosensitive material, called photoresist, is applied to the wafer and exposed to light through a mask.<\/li>\n<li>The exposed areas are chemically etched, creating the desired pattern. This process enables the precise definition of features on the wafer, enabling the creation of intricate circuitry.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Deposition techniques like\u00a0chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and\u00a0physical vapor deposition (PVD) to add thin layers of materials; etching processes to remove unwanted materials; and various metrology tools for inspection and measurement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1) What are Semiconductors?<\/h3>\n<p>These are materials that have electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. They are the foundation of modern electronics and power a vast array of technologies such as computers, smartphones, solar panels, and medical devices.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.moneycontrol.com\/news\/technology\/cabinet-approves-countrys-first-semiconductor-fab-by-tata-group-and-taiwans-psmc-in-dholera-12377111.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Cabinet approves 3 chip plants, including two by Tata, at estimated investment of Rs 1.26 lakh crore<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Semiconductor fabrication  is a manufacturing plant in which raw silicon wafers are turned into integrated circuits (ICs).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":21129,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-21128","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21128","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21128"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21128\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21128"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21128"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21128"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}