{"id":21248,"date":"2024-03-05T08:27:56","date_gmt":"2024-03-05T02:57:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=21248"},"modified":"2025-04-06T10:52:25","modified_gmt":"2025-04-06T05:22:25","slug":"ccs-prelims","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/ccs-prelims\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>About is Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>CCS refers to a host of different technologies that\u00a0capture CO2 emissions\u00a0from large\u00a0point sources like refineries or power plants\u00a0and trap them beneath the Earth.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Notably, CCS is\u00a0different from carbon dioxide removal (CDR), where CO2 is removed from the atmosphere.<\/li>\n<li>It\u2019s a\u00a0three-step process,\u00a0involving:\u00a0capturing\u00a0the carbon dioxide produced by power generation or industrial activity, such as steel or cement making;\u00a0transporting it; and then\u00a0storing it deep underground.<\/li>\n<li>CCS involves\u00a0three different techniques of capturing carbon, including post-combustion,\u00a0pre-combustion, and\u00a0oxyfuel combustion.\n<ul>\n<li>In post-combustion, CO2 is removed after the fossil fuel has been burnt. By\u00a0using a chemical solvent,\u00a0CO2 is separated from the exhaust\u00a0or \u2018flue\u2019 gases and then captured.<\/li>\n<li>Pre-combustion involves removing CO2 before burning the fossil fuel. \u201cFirst, the\u00a0fossil fuel is partially burned in a \u2018gasifier\u2019 to form synthetic gas.\u00a0CO2 can be captured from this relatively pure exhaust stream. The method\u00a0also generates hydrogen, which is\u00a0separated and can be used as fuel.<\/li>\n<li>In oxyfuel combustion, the\u00a0fossil fuel is burnt with\u00a0almost\u00a0pure oxygen, which\u00a0produces CO2 and water vapour. The water is condensed through cooling, and\u00a0CO2 is separated and captured.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Out of the three methods,\u00a0oxyfuel combustion is the most efficient,\u00a0but the oxygen burning process\u00a0needs a lot of energy.<\/li>\n<li>After capture,\u00a0CO2 is compressed into a liquid state\u00a0and transported to suitable storage sites.\u00a0\n<ul>\n<li>Possible storage sites for carbon emissions\u00a0include saline aquifers or depleted oil and gas reservoirs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>There are also\u00a0only a few operational CCS projects across the world, even though the technology has been pushed for decades.\n<ul>\n<li>According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), there were 40 operational CCS projects in 2023, which captured more than 45 metric tonnes (Mt) of CO2 annually.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1) What is syngas?<\/h3>\n<p>Syngas, also called a synthesis gas, is a mix of molecules containing hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water vapours, as well as other hydrocarbons and condensable compounds. It is a main product of gasification and majority product of high temperature pyrolysis carried on any biomass, residues and waste. When produced in pyrolysis, it is created by the vaporisation of volatile compounds from the raw material thanks to the heat, which induces a set of complex reactions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-climate\/what-carbon-capture-climate-change-9195282\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Warming up to climate change: What is carbon capture and can it help save the planet?<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Carbon Capture and Storage refers to a host of different technologies that capture CO2 emissions from large point sources like refineries or power plants and trap them beneath the Earth. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":21249,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-21248","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21248","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21248"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21248\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21248"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21248"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}