{"id":21514,"date":"2024-03-15T08:13:09","date_gmt":"2024-03-15T02:43:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=21514"},"modified":"2025-04-06T12:45:37","modified_gmt":"2025-04-06T07:15:37","slug":"human-development-index","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/human-development-index\/","title":{"rendered":"Human Development Index"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>About Human Development Index<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a summary composite measure of a country&#8217;s average achievements in three basic aspects of human development:\u00a0health, knowledge and standard of living.<\/li>\n<li>It is a measure of a country&#8217;s average achievements in three dimensions of human development:\n<ul>\n<li>a long and healthy life, as measured by life expectancy at birth;<\/li>\n<li>knowledge, as measured by mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling; and<\/li>\n<li>a decent standard of living, as measured by GNI per capita in PPP terms in US$.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The HDI sets a minimum and a maximum for each dimension, called &#8220;goalposts&#8221;, then shows where each country stands in relation to these goalposts.<\/li>\n<li>This is expressed as a\u00a0value between 0 and 1. The higher a country&#8217;s human development, the higher its HDI value.<\/li>\n<li>The HDI is the geometric mean of normalized indices for each of the three dimensions.<\/li>\n<li>The HDI also embodies\u00a0Amartya Sen\u2019s \u201ccapabilities\u201d approach to understand human well-being, which emphasizes the importance of ends (like a decent standard of living) over means (like income per capita).<\/li>\n<li>Since 1990, the\u00a0United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has been publishing the Human Development Report every year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Highlights of the recent report<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The report stated that while India ranked 135 in 2021, it had moved up to 134 in 2022.<\/li>\n<li>A total of 193 countries were ranked in 2022 and 191 countries in 2021.<\/li>\n<li>In 2022, India saw improvements across all HDI indicators \u2013 life expectancy, education and Gross National Income (GNI) per capita.<\/li>\n<li>Life expectancy rose from 67.2 to 67.7 years, expected years of schooling reached 12.6, mean years of schooling increased to 6.57 and GNI per capita saw an increase from $6,542 to $6,951.<\/li>\n<li>While the country has moved up in 2022, it is still behind its South Asian neighbours, such as Bangladesh (129th), Bhutan (125th), Sri Lanka (78th) and China (75th).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1) What is United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)?<\/h3>\n<p>The UNDP is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human development. UNDP was established in 1966 by the General Assembly of the United Nations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/india-ranks-134th-in-global-human-development-index-says-undp-report\/article67951875.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">India ranks 134th in global human development index, says UNDP report<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Human Development Index  is a summary composite measure of a country&#8217;s average achievements in three basic aspects of human development: health, knowledge and standard of living.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":21515,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-21514","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21514","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21514"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21514\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21515"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21514"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21514"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21514"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}