{"id":21951,"date":"2026-07-07T17:40:50","date_gmt":"2026-07-07T12:10:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=21951"},"modified":"2026-07-07T17:43:12","modified_gmt":"2026-07-07T12:13:12","slug":"drugs-and-cosmetics-act-1940","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/drugs-and-cosmetics-act-1940\/","title":{"rendered":"Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940, Objectives, Rules, CDSCO &#038; DCGI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is one of India&#8217;s most important healthcare laws. It regulates the <\/span><b>import, manufacture, distribution, and sale of drugs and cosmetics<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to ensure that only safe, effective, and quality products reach consumers. The Act also aims to prevent the sale of <\/span><b>substandard, adulterated, misbranded, and spurious medicines<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that may endanger public health.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Today, the Act forms the backbone of India&#8217;s pharmaceutical regulatory system. It works alongside the <\/span><b>Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and is implemented by the <\/span><b>Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and State Drug Control Departments.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940 History<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was enacted to establish a uniform legal framework for regulating the quality, manufacture, sale, and distribution of drugs and cosmetics in India, ensuring public health and consumer safety.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Pre-1940 Scenario:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> India had no comprehensive law to regulate the quality of drugs and cosmetics, leading to the widespread sale of substandard and counterfeit medicines.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>1930:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The Government of India appointed the <\/span><b>Drugs Enquiry Committee (Chopra Committee)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> under <\/span><b>Lt. Col. R. N. Chopra<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to examine issues related to the pharmaceutical industry.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Committee Recommendations:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The committee recommended strict legislation to regulate the import, manufacture, and sale of drugs and cosmetics and to establish quality standards.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>1940:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The <\/span><b>Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was enacted by the legislature to regulate drugs and cosmetics across India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>1945:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The <\/span><b>Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> were introduced to provide detailed procedures for licensing, manufacturing, testing, labeling, and enforcement under the Act.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Post-Independence Amendments:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The Act has been amended several times to strengthen provisions related to <\/span><b>drug quality, clinical trials, medical devices, cosmetics, and penalties<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for violations.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940 Objectives<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> aims to regulate the import, manufacture, distribution, and sale of drugs and cosmetics in India to ensure their safety, quality, and efficacy while protecting public health from harmful or substandard products.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ensure <\/span><b>safety, quality, and effectiveness<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of drugs and cosmetics available in the market.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regulate the <\/span><b>manufacture, import, sale, and distribution<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of medicines and cosmetics.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prevent the circulation of <\/span><b>spurious, adulterated, and misbranded drugs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Establish and maintain <\/span><b>uniform quality standards<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> across India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Protect consumers from <\/span><b>harmful or ineffective pharmaceutical products<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Control and monitor <\/span><b>clinical trials and approval of new drugs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ensure proper <\/span><b>licensing of manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promote <\/span><b>Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the pharmaceutical sector.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strengthen <\/span><b>regulatory inspection and quality control systems<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Support a <\/span><b>safe and reliable healthcare supply chain<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the country.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO)<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is the national regulatory authority in India responsible for the approval, regulation, and control of drugs, cosmetics, and medical devices to ensure their safety, efficacy, and quality across the country.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CDSCO functions under the <\/span><b>Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is headed by the <\/span><b>Drugs Controller General of India (DCGI)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It regulates the <\/span><b>approval of new drugs and clinical trials<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CDSCO is responsible for <\/span><b>import registration and licensing of drugs and medical devices<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It coordinates with <\/span><b>State Drug Control Authorities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for enforcement of drug laws.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It ensures compliance with <\/span><b>quality standards and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CDSCO monitors the safety of medicines through <\/span><b>pharmacovigilance systems<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It takes action against <\/span><b>spurious, adulterated, and substandard drugs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It conducts <\/span><b>inspections of manufacturing units and laboratories<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CDSCO plays a key role in maintaining <\/span><b>uniform drug regulations across India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Role of the Drugs Controller General of India (DCGI)<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Drugs Controller General of India (DCGI)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is the chief regulatory authority for pharmaceuticals in India who oversees the approval, safety, and quality control of drugs, cosmetics, and medical devices under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">DCGI heads the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/central-drugs-standard-control-organisation-cdsco\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO)<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is responsible for <\/span><b>approval of new drugs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> before they are introduced in the Indian market.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It grants permission for <\/span><b>clinical trials and bioavailability studies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">DCGI regulates the import of <\/span><b>drugs, vaccines, and medical devices<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It ensures compliance with <\/span><b>drug safety and quality standards<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> across the country.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It supervises the <\/span><b>manufacturing and marketing authorization<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of pharmaceutical products.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">DCGI issues <\/span><b>guidelines and regulatory frameworks<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for the pharmaceutical industry.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It monitors <\/span><b>adverse drug reactions (pharmacovigilance activities)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It coordinates with <\/span><b>State Drug Control Authorities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for enforcement actions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It takes regulatory action against <\/span><b>violations such as substandard or illegal drugs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> were framed under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 to provide detailed procedures and guidelines for implementing the Act and ensuring proper regulation of drugs and cosmetics in India.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These Rules were introduced in <\/span><b>1945 under Section 33 of the Act<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They define the <\/span><b>procedure for licensing of drug manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They prescribe standards for <\/span><b>Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in pharmaceutical production.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They lay down rules for <\/span><b>labelling, packaging, and storage of drugs and cosmetics<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They regulate the <\/span><b>import and export of drugs and medical products<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They specify the <\/span><b>qualifications and duties of drug inspectors and government analysts<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They set standards for <\/span><b>drug testing and quality control laboratories<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They regulate <\/span><b>clinical trials and approval of new drugs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They provide guidelines for <\/span><b>sale conditions and distribution of medicines<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They ensure strict enforcement through <\/span><b>inspection and monitoring mechanisms<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Recent Developments Related to the Drugs and Cosmetics Act<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The regulatory framework under the <\/span><b>Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has been significantly strengthened in recent years through new rules, digital reforms, and stricter quality standards to improve drug safety, clinical research, and public health protection.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>New Drugs and Clinical Trials Rules, 2019 (NDCTR, 2019):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> These rules were notified under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act to streamline the approval process for <\/span><b>new drugs, clinical trials, bioavailability (BA), bioequivalence (BE) studies, and ethics committees<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, while ensuring the safety and rights of trial participants.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Medical Devices Rules, 2017:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The regulatory framework for <\/span><b>medical devices<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was strengthened by bringing more devices under government regulation based on risk classification.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Cosmetics Rules, 2020:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Separate rules were introduced to regulate the <\/span><b>manufacture, import, labeling, testing, and quality standards<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of cosmetics in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Revised Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The government updated <\/span><b>Schedule M<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> under the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules to align manufacturing standards with <\/span><b><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/world-health-organisation\/\" target=\"_blank\">World Health Organization (WHO)<\/a>-GMP<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> guidelines, improving the quality of pharmaceutical products.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Digital Licensing and Online Approvals:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The <\/span><b>Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has expanded online systems for licensing, approvals, and regulatory submissions to improve transparency and efficiency.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Strengthened Drug Quality Monitoring:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Authorities have increased inspections and sampling to identify and remove <\/span><b>spurious, adulterated, and Not of Standard Quality (NSQ)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> drugs from the market.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Expansion of Pharmacovigilance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The <\/span><b>Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has been strengthened to monitor adverse drug reactions and improve medicine safety.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Stricter Regulation of Clinical Research:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Greater emphasis has been placed on <\/span><b>ethical clinical trials<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, informed consent, compensation for trial-related injuries, and oversight by Ethics Committees.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Enhanced Coordination Between Central and State Authorities:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> CDSCO and State Drug Control Departments continue to strengthen joint inspections and enforcement actions for better compliance.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Proposed Modernisation of Drug Laws:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The government has proposed replacing the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 with a <\/span><b>new comprehensive drugs legislation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to address emerging technologies, e-pharmacies, modern medicines, and evolving regulatory needs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940 Importance<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a cornerstone of India&#8217;s pharmaceutical regulatory framework, ensuring that drugs and cosmetics available in the market are safe, effective, and of standard quality while protecting public health and promoting consumer confidence.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ensures the <\/span><b>quality, safety, and efficacy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of drugs and cosmetics sold in India.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Protects consumers from <\/span><b>spurious, adulterated, misbranded, and substandard medicines<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regulates the <\/span><b>import, manufacture, sale, and distribution<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of drugs and cosmetics through a uniform legal framework.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promotes <\/span><b>Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and quality assurance in the pharmaceutical industry.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Establishes a robust <\/span><b>licensing and inspection system<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strengthens the role of regulatory authorities such as the <\/span><b>Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and State Drug Control Departments.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provides a legal framework for the <\/span><b>approval of new drugs, clinical trials, and medical devices<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, ensuring patient safety and ethical standards.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Enhances <\/span><b>drug quality monitoring and pharmacovigilance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to detect and prevent adverse drug reactions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Helps curb the circulation of <\/span><b>counterfeit and illegal medicines<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, thereby improving public trust in the healthcare system.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Facilitates India&#8217;s compliance with <\/span><b>international pharmaceutical standards<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, supporting the growth of the pharmaceutical industry and exports.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940 regulates the quality, manufacture, import and sale of drugs and cosmetics in India. Learn its objectives, CDSCO, DCGI, Rules 1945 and key provisions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":111627,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[786],"tags":[8562],"class_list":["post-21951","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-general-studies","tag-drugs-and-cosmetics-act-1940","no-featured-image-padding"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21951","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21951"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21951\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":111916,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21951\/revisions\/111916"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/111627"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21951"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21951"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21951"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}