{"id":22809,"date":"2024-04-26T08:42:48","date_gmt":"2024-04-26T03:12:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=22809"},"modified":"2025-10-11T11:39:22","modified_gmt":"2025-10-11T06:09:22","slug":"nephrotic-syndrome","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/nephrotic-syndrome\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Nephrotic Syndrome?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>About Nephrotic Syndrome:<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a <strong>kidney disorder<\/strong> that causes your body to <strong>pass too much protein in your urine<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>It usually <strong>results from<\/strong> a <strong>problem with<\/strong> your kidneys\u2019 filters <strong>(glomeruli).<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The <strong>kidneys remove waste<\/strong> and excess fluid from your blood <strong>through filtering units called nephrons.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Each nephron contains<\/strong> a filter (<strong>glomerulus<\/strong>), which <strong>removes waste and excess fluids from<\/strong> your <strong>blood<\/strong> and <strong>send them to<\/strong> your <strong>bladder as urine.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Common waste products include nitrogen waste (urea), muscle waste (creatinine), and acids.<\/li>\n<li>In healthy kidneys, the glomeruli filter out waste products.<\/li>\n<li>They allow your blood to<strong> retain thecells and proteins<\/strong> your <strong>body needs<\/strong> to function regularly.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nephrotic syndrom<\/strong>e usually happens when the <strong>glomeruli are inflamed<\/strong>, <strong>allowing too much protein to leak<\/strong> from your blood <strong>into your urine.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Causes<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>It is <strong>not a specific kidney disease<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>It can <strong>occur in any kidney disease that damages<\/strong> the <strong>filtering units<\/strong> in a certain way that allows them to <strong>leak protein into<\/strong> the <strong>urine<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Some of the diseases<\/strong> that cause nephrotic syndrome, such as <strong>nephritis<\/strong>, affect only the kidney.<\/li>\n<li>Other diseases that cause nephrotic syndrome, such as <strong>diabetes and lupus,<\/strong> affect other parts of the body as well.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Symptoms<\/strong>: Signs and symptoms of nephrotic syndrome include:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Severe swelling<\/strong> (edema), particularly around your eyes and in your ankles and feet<\/li>\n<li><strong>Foamy urine<\/strong>, a result of excess protein in your urine<\/li>\n<li><strong>High fat and cholesterol levels in<\/strong> the <strong>blood<\/strong>. The medical term for it is \u201c<strong>hyperlipidemia<\/strong>.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>Weight gain<\/strong> due to fluid retention<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fatigue<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Loss of appetite<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Nephrotic syndrome can <strong>lead to serious complications<\/strong>, including\n<ul>\n<li><strong>blood clots<\/strong> that can lead to thrombosis\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>higher <strong>risk of infection caused by the loss of immunoglobulins<\/strong>, proteins in your blood that help fight viruses and bacteria<\/li>\n<li><strong>high blood pressure<\/strong>, also called <strong>hypertension<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>brief or <strong>long-lasting kidney problems,<\/strong> including chronic kidney disease and kidney failure<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Treatment<\/strong>: It includes <strong>addressing the underlying cause<\/strong> and taking steps to reduce high blood pressure, high cholesterol, swelling and infection risks. Treatment usually <strong>includes medications<\/strong> and <strong>changes to your diet.<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1: What are proteins?<\/h3>\n<p>Proteins are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body. They do most of the work in cells and are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body\u2019s tissues and organs. Proteins are made up of hundreds or thousands of smaller units called amino acids, which are attached to one another in long chains. There are 20 different types of amino acids that can be combined to make a protein. The sequence of amino acids determines each protein\u2019s unique 3-dimensional structure and its specific function. Amino acids are coded by combinations of three DNA building blocks (nucleotides), determined by the sequence of genes.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/health\/in-search-of-skin-lightening-creams-kidneys-take-a-hit\/article68101560.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>In search of skin lightening creams, kidneys take a hit<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nephrotic Syndrome is a kidney disorder that causes your body to pass too much protein in your urine.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":22810,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-22809","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22809","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22809"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22809\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22810"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}