{"id":24221,"date":"2025-10-27T04:48:12","date_gmt":"2025-10-26T23:18:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=24221"},"modified":"2025-10-29T12:39:25","modified_gmt":"2025-10-29T07:09:25","slug":"ozone-depleting-substances-ods","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/ozone-depleting-substances-ods\/","title":{"rendered":"Ozone-Depleting Substances (ODS)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>About:<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Ozone-depleting substances (ODS) are <strong>chemicals <\/strong>that <strong>cause the depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer.<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>This layer is crucial for protecting life on Earth by <strong>absorbing <\/strong>the majority of the sun&#8217;s<strong> harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The most common ODS include <strong>chlorofluorocarbons <\/strong>(CFCs), <strong>halons<\/strong>, <strong>carbon tetrachloride<\/strong>, and<strong> methyl chloroform.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>ODS are substances commonly used in <strong>refrigerators, air conditioners, fire extinguishers, <\/strong>and <strong>aerosols<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>The Montreal Protocol:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The Montreal Protocol, signed in <strong>1987<\/strong>, is a global <strong>agreement <\/strong>to protect the <strong>stratospheric ozone layer <\/strong>by eliminating the production and consumption of ODSs like chlorofluorocarbons (<strong>CFCs<\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>The worldwide production of CFCs has been <strong>prohibited since 2010.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Kigali Amendment to Montreal Protocol:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In <strong>2016<\/strong>, Parties to the Montreal Protocol adopted the Kigali Amendment <strong>to phase down the production and consumption<\/strong> of hydrofluorocarbons (<strong>HFCs<\/strong>) worldwide.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>HFCs are<strong> widely used alternatives to ODS<\/strong> such as hydrochlorofluorocarbons (<strong>HCFCs<\/strong>) and chlorofluorocarbons (<strong>CFCs<\/strong>), already controlled under the Protocol.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1: What is Ultraviolet (UV) radiation?<\/h3>\n<p>It is a form of non-ionizing radiation that is emitted by the sun and artificial sources, such as tanning beds. The beneficial effects of UV radiation include the production of a vital nutrient, vitamin D; however, overexposure may present risks. Sunburn, premature ageing, and skin cancer are all risks of overexposure.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.downtoearth.org.in\/news\/climate-change\/environmental-milestone-ozone-depleting-hcfcs-show-drop-in-levels-5-years-ahead-of-target-year-96667\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Environmental milestone! Ozone-depleting HCFCs show drop in levels 5 years ahead of target year<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ozone-depleting substances (ODS) are chemicals that cause the depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer. This layer is crucial for protecting life on Earth by absorbing the majority of the sun&#8217;s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":24222,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-24221","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24221","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24221"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24221\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24222"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24221"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24221"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24221"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}