{"id":24660,"date":"2024-07-01T02:22:57","date_gmt":"2024-06-30T20:52:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=24660"},"modified":"2025-04-07T11:08:26","modified_gmt":"2025-04-07T05:38:26","slug":"santhal-tribal-community","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/santhal-tribal-community\/","title":{"rendered":"Key Facts about Santhal Tribal Community"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>About Santhal Tribal Community:<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Santhals are the <strong>third largest scheduled tribe<\/strong> community in India <strong>after Gonds and Bhils<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Their greatest concentration is in the states <strong>of Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal<\/strong>, and <strong>Orissa<\/strong>, in the eastern part of the country.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><strong>Language<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Their language is<strong> Santhali<\/strong>, a dialect of Kherwari, a Munda (Austroasiatic) language.<\/li>\n<li>Santhali, written in OI-Chiki script, is recognised as <strong>one of the scheduled languages in<\/strong> the <strong>Eighth Schedule<\/strong> to the Constitution.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The Santhals <strong>were a nomadic stockbefore<\/strong> they chose to <strong>settle on the Chotanagpur plateau.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>By the end of<\/strong> the <strong>18th century<\/strong>, they had <strong>concentrated in<\/strong> the <strong>Santhal Parganas ofJharkhand<\/strong> (earlier Bihar). From there, they <strong>migrated to Odisha and West Bengal<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Religion<\/strong>: They are<strong> nature worshippers<\/strong> and could be seen paying obeisance at Jaher (sacred groves) in their villages.<\/li>\n<li>Their <strong>traditional dress<\/strong> includes <strong>dhoti and gamuchha for men<\/strong> and a <strong>short-check saree<\/strong>, <strong>usually blue and green, for women<\/strong>, who generally <strong>put on tattoos.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Various forms of marriage<\/strong> are accepted in Santhal society, including elopement, widow remarriage, levirate, forced (rare), and the one in which a man is made to marry the woman he has impregnated.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Divorce is not a taboo<\/strong> in Santhal society. Either of the couple could divorce the other.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Occupation<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Most Santhals are <strong>agriculturists<\/strong>, depending on their farmlands or forests.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Seasonal forest collection<\/strong> is one of the important sources of their <strong>subsidiary income.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dance (enej) and music (sereng)<\/strong> are <strong>integral parts <\/strong>of the Santal life.<\/li>\n<li>Their <strong>homes, called Olah<\/strong>, have a particular <strong>three-colour patternon<\/strong> the <strong>outer walls.<\/strong> The bottom portion is painted with black soil, the middle with white, and the upper with red.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Santhal Rebellion (1855-56):<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The Santhal uprising, one of the most noted events of revolt <strong>against the British <\/strong>Raj, took place in <strong>1855 and 1857.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>This was <strong>India\u2019s first major peasant uprising fueled by<\/strong> the implementation of the <strong>Permanent Land Settlement in 1793.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It was <strong>led by Sido and Kanhu<\/strong> and covered the regions of Bihar..<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1: Who are Gonds?<\/h3>\n<p>The Gonds are the largest Adivasi Community in India and can be traced to the pre-Aryan era. The word Gond comes from Kond, which means green mountains. They are a heterogeneous group spreading over large areas from the Godavari gorges in the south to the Vindhya Mountains in the north. They live in the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, and Odisha. The majority speak various mutually unintelligible dialects of Gondi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/city\/ranchi\/pm-modi-pays-tribute-to-santhal-freedom-fighters\/articleshow\/111389298.cms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">PM Modi pays tribute to Santhal freedom fighters<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Santhals are the third largest scheduled tribe community in India after Gonds and Bhils. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":24661,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-24660","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24660","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24660"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24660\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24661"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24660"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24660"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24660"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}