{"id":25958,"date":"2025-10-27T08:14:40","date_gmt":"2025-10-27T02:44:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=25958"},"modified":"2025-10-30T15:53:23","modified_gmt":"2025-10-30T10:23:23","slug":"south-american-lungfish","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/south-american-lungfish\/","title":{"rendered":"South American lungfish"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>About South American lungfish:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a\u00a0<strong>freshwater species<\/strong>\u00a0(Lepidosiren paradoxa).<\/li>\n<li>It is the nearest living relative to the\u00a0<strong>first land vertebrates<\/strong>\u00a0and closely resembles its primordial ancestors dating back more than 400 million years.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Distribution:\u00a0<\/strong>It is mainly inhabiting slow-moving and stagnant waters in Brazil, Argentina, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, French Guiana and Paraguay.<\/li>\n<li>It has\u00a0<strong>the largest genome compared<\/strong>\u00a0to any of the animals on the earth.\n<ul>\n<li>The length of the DNA in each cell of this lungfish would extend almost 60 metres. The human genome would extend a mere 2 metres.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Its genome is more than 50 times the human genome\u2019s size.<\/li>\n<li>The world\u2019s four other lungfish species live in Africa, also with large genomes.<\/li>\n<li>Its genomes are largely\u00a0<strong>composed of repetitive elements<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 about 90% of the genome.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Key features of Lungfish<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lungfish first appeared during the\u00a0<strong>Devonian Period.<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>It was during the Devonian that one of the most important moments in the history of life on the earth occurred: when fish possessing lungs and muscular fins evolved into\u00a0<strong>the first tetrapods<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>While other fish rely upon gills to breathe, lungfish also possess a pair of\u00a0<strong>lung-like organs.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It lives in\u00a0<strong>oxygen-starved<\/strong>, swampy environs of the Amazon and Parana-Paraguay River basins, and supplements the oxygen gotten from the water by breathing in oxygen from the air.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1: What is Genome sequencing?<\/h3>\n<p>Genome sequencing is the process of determining the DNA sequence of an organism&#8217;s genome. A genome is a complete set of <strong>DNA<\/strong> that contains all of the genes of an organism. Genome sequencing involves figuring out the order of bases in an organism&#8217;s entire genome.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/south-american-lungfish-has-largest-genome-of-any-animal\/article68536306.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">South American lungfish has largest genome of any animal<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>South American lungfish is the nearest living relative to the first land vertebrates and closely resembles its primordial ancestors dating back more than 400 million years.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":25959,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-25958","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25958","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25958"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25958\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25959"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25958"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25958"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}