{"id":27605,"date":"2024-12-21T01:45:36","date_gmt":"2024-12-20T20:15:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=27605"},"modified":"2025-04-08T10:57:12","modified_gmt":"2025-04-08T05:27:12","slug":"bordoibam-bilmukh-bird-sanctuary","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/bordoibam-bilmukh-bird-sanctuary\/","title":{"rendered":"Bordoibam-Bilmukh Bird Sanctuary"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>About Bordoibam-Bilmukh Bird Sanctuary<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Location and Size<\/strong>: It is situated on the boundary of <strong>Dhemaji<\/strong> and <strong>Lakhimpur<\/strong> districts in Assam and covers an area of approximately <strong>11.25 sq. km<\/strong> and lies at an altitude of <strong>90-95 meters above mean sea level<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>History<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Declared a wildlife sanctuary in <strong>1996<\/strong> by the Assam government.<\/li>\n<li>Originally part of the <strong>River Subansiri<\/strong> (a tributary of the Brahmaputra), which now flows <strong>7 km away<\/strong> from the wetland.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Climate and Vegetation<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Experiences a <strong>moist tropical climate<\/strong> with an average annual rainfall of about <strong>2,000 mm<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Dominated by <strong>flooded valley grasslands<\/strong> and <strong>wetland vegetation<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Avian Biodiversity<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>Hosts a variety of <strong>migratory waterfowl<\/strong> in winter.<\/li>\n<li>Home to <strong>globally threatened species<\/strong> such as the <strong>Spot-billed Pelican<\/strong> (<i>Pelecanus philippensis<\/i>) and <strong>Lesser Adjutant<\/strong> (<i>Leptoptilos javanicus<\/i>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Overview:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The <strong>Bordoibam-Bilmukh Bird Sanctuary (BBBS)<\/strong> in Assam, once a thriving habitat for diverse avian species, has experienced a <strong>72% decline in bird species count<\/strong> over the past 27 years.<\/li>\n<li>This alarming biodiversity crisis has been attributed to <strong>anthropogenic pressures<\/strong> such as fishing, poaching, egg collection, and land-use changes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Decline in Avian Diversity<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Species Count<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>In <strong>1997<\/strong>, the sanctuary recorded <strong>167 avian species<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Recent studies (2022-2024) revealed only <strong>47 species<\/strong>, marking a <strong>71.85% decline<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Temporal trends<\/strong>: The decline has been <strong>drastic since 2018<\/strong>, as noted in comparative surveys:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>2011 Survey<\/strong>: Recorded <strong>133 species<\/strong> (86 resident, 23 migratory, 24 local migrants).<\/li>\n<li><strong>2017-2018 Survey<\/strong>: Recorded <strong>120 bird species<\/strong>, alongside <strong>133 macrophytes<\/strong>, <strong>68 fish species<\/strong>, and <strong>seven aquatic fern species<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Migratory species<\/strong>: Recent records include <strong>Brown Shrike<\/strong>, <strong>Citrine Wagtail<\/strong>, <strong>White Wagtail<\/strong> (winter migratory), and <strong>Lesser Kestrel<\/strong> (summer migratory).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1: What are wetlands?<\/h3>\n<p>Wetlands are transitional ecosystems between terrestrial and aquatic environments, characterized by water saturation at or near the surface. They support a unique diversity of flora and fauna. Examples include marshes, swamps, bogs, and mangroves.<\/p>\n<p><strong>News: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/assam\/assam-bird-sanctuary-records-72-decline-in-bird-species-count-in-27-years\/article69009618.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Assam bird sanctuary records 72% decline in bird species count in 27 years &#8211; The Hindu<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Bordoibam-Bilmukh Bird Sanctuary (BBBS) in Assam, once a thriving habitat for diverse avian species, has experienced a 72% decline in bird species count over the past 27 years.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":27606,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-27605","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27605","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27605"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27605\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27606"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27605"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27605"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27605"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}