{"id":2867,"date":"2024-06-18T03:44:04","date_gmt":"2024-06-17T22:14:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=2867"},"modified":"2025-03-26T08:50:18","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T03:20:18","slug":"what-is-the-doctrine-of-res-judicata","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/what-is-the-doctrine-of-res-judicata\/","title":{"rendered":"What is the doctrine of res judicata?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>About Principle of Res Judicata:<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The concept of res judicata has evolved from the English Common Law System.<\/li>\n<li>Res judicata literally means \u2018the <strong>thing has been judged<\/strong>\u201d. It is also known as <strong>claim preclusion.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The principle of res judicata <strong>applies when a litigant attempts to file a subsequent lawsuit on the same matter after having received a judgment<\/strong> in a previous case involving the same parties.<\/li>\n<li>It is a judicial concept, which means that the <strong>issue before the court has already been decided by another cour<\/strong>t, between the same parties, and the <strong>courts do not allow a petition to be filed <\/strong>in the same court or in another court.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Therefore, the court will <strong>dismiss the case<\/strong> before it as being useless.<\/li>\n<li>Res Judicata as a concept is <strong>applicable<\/strong> both in <strong>Civil as well as Criminal legal system.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Purpose:\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>To <strong>prevent injustic<\/strong>e to the parties of a case supposedly finished.<\/li>\n<li>To <strong>avoid unnecessary waste of resources and time<\/strong> of the judicial system.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Res judicata <strong>under Indian law<\/strong> has been <strong>embodied under Section 11 of the CPC<\/strong> (Code of Civil Procedure), 1908. It illustrates that if a matter is finally decided by a competent court, then the parties involved in the matter are not permitted to reopen it in subsequent litigation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Some of the conditions<\/strong> for the application of Res Judicata <strong>include the same parties, the same title<\/strong> as the former suit, <strong>issue<\/strong> in the matter <strong>is same in former and subsequent suits<\/strong>, the <strong>suit isdecided by a competent court<\/strong>, and a <strong>final decision is provided<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The Supreme Court in <strong>Employee Welfare Association v. Union of India<\/strong> ruled that the \u201cprinciple of Res Judicata is <strong>not a technical rule, <\/strong>it is a <strong>rule of public policy\u201d.<\/strong> So, Res Judicata is an acknowledged principle of law and is essential for delivering fair justice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1: What is the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC)?<\/h3>\n<p>The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 is a procedural law related to the administration of civil proceedings in India. The Code is divided into two parts: the first part contains 158 sections and the second part contains the First Schedule, which has 51 Orders and Rules.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.livelaw.in\/top-stories\/supreme-court-delhi-govt-land-acquisition-res-judicata-not-strictly-applicable-public-interest-at-stake-260344\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Principle Of Res Judicata May Not Strictly Apply When Public Interest At Stake: Supreme Court<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The principle of res judicata applies when a litigant attempts to file a subsequent lawsuit on the same matter after having received a judgment in a previous case involving the same parties.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":2868,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2867","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2867","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2867"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2867\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2868"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2867"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2867"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2867"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}