{"id":30902,"date":"2023-08-24T05:09:56","date_gmt":"2023-08-23T23:39:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=30902"},"modified":"2025-04-16T00:50:34","modified_gmt":"2025-04-15T19:20:34","slug":"analog-to-digital-converters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/analog-to-digital-converters\/","title":{"rendered":"Analog-to-Digital Converters"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>Key points:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are <strong>critical components for developing<\/strong> the next generation of <strong>advanced digital receivers.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The limitation of electronic ADCs (EADCs) is that their vertical resolution is compromised at high bandwidths.<\/li>\n<li>There are <strong>two possible approaches<\/strong> to solve this problem through Photonics.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Radio frequency<\/strong>, when modulated on a <strong>spectrally rich optical pulsed source<\/strong>, can be stretched in the optical domain through a dispersive medium, thus converting high-frequency RF signals into effectively low-frequency signals.<\/li>\n<li>This <strong>reduces the input bandwidth requirements<\/strong> of the back-end ADC as many times as the stretch factor of the optical pulse.<\/li>\n<li>The other Photonic approach is to use an <strong>optical clock whose fluctuations<\/strong> in timing (timing jitter) is much smaller than an electronic clock; which is possible with a short pulsed laser.<\/li>\n<li>High bandwidth RF signals, when sampled with stable optical clocks, can provide a much higher effective number of bits (ENOB) compared to electronic clocks.<\/li>\n<li>It has time-stretched photonic ADC with effective bandwidth 12 times higher than EADC, which enables digitisation of signals with a much larger precision.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>A newly designed prototypes in the Next-Generation Photonic Analog-to-Digital Converters (NG-PADC) project which can carry out instantaneous frequency measurement, generation and transport of Radio Frequency (RF) through optical methods.<\/li>\n<li>Its effective bandwidth is 12 times higher than a corresponding EADC<\/li>\n<li>This could revolutionize various sectors, enabling <strong>faster digital communication, improved satellite communication, better medical imaging<\/strong>, and Photonic radars.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1)\u00a0What is Photonic radar?<\/h3>\n<p>Photonic radars, also known as photonic-based radar systems are advanced radar systems that utilize photonic (light-based) technologies to enhance radar performance and capabilities. Traditional radar systems use radio frequency (RF) waves for detection and ranging, while photonic radars employ optical signals to achieve similar objectives.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dst.gov.in\/new-technology-developed-transport-radio-frequency-rf-through-optical-methods-could-improve-digital\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>New technology developed to transport radio frequency (RF) through optical methods could improve digital &amp; satellite communication.<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Analog-to-Digital Converters are critical components for developing the next generation of advanced digital receivers.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":30903,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-30902","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30902","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30902"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30902\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30903"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30902"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30902"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30902"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}