{"id":32786,"date":"2023-03-06T07:15:19","date_gmt":"2023-03-06T01:45:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=32786"},"modified":"2025-06-30T12:05:52","modified_gmt":"2025-06-30T06:35:52","slug":"periodic-labour-force-survey","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/periodic-labour-force-survey\/","title":{"rendered":"Periodic Labour Force Survey"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in News?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>About National Statistical Office (NSO)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>About Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>What is Current Weekly Status?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Calculating Unemployment Rate<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>What is Labour Force Participation Rate?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Latest PLFS Report by NSO<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Halting of Structural Transformation<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Rise of Construction Sector<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Why in News?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Data released by the <strong>National Statistical Office<\/strong> (NSO) in its annual report <strong>Periodic Labour Force Survey<\/strong> (PLFS) offers insights into the process of structural transformation in the Indian economy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>About National Statistical Office (NSO)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>In May 2019, the Central Government merged the <strong>National Sample Survey Office<\/strong> (NSSO) and the <strong>Central Statistics Office<\/strong> (CSO) under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI).<\/li>\n<li>The merger created an overarching body i.e., <strong>National Statistical Office<\/strong> (NSO).<\/li>\n<li>Hence, the <i><strong>statistical wing of the MoSPI is now called the NSO<\/strong><\/i>.<\/li>\n<li>NSO acts as the <i><strong>nodal agency for planned development of the statistical system in the country<\/strong><\/i>.\\\n<ul>\n<li>It lays down and maintains norms and standards in the field of statistics, involving concepts and definitions, methodology of data collection, processing of data and dissemination of results.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>About Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The National Statistics Organisation (NSO) had launched the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) in <strong>April 2017<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>It was <i><strong>launched as part of efforts to get a better sense of the job situation and provide reliable and timely data<\/strong><\/i>.<\/li>\n<li>The PLFS is designed with two major objectives for measurement of employment and unemployment \u2013\n<ul>\n<li>First, <u>to measure the dynamics in labour force participation and employment status in the short time interval of three months for only the urban areas in the Current Weekly Status (CWS)<\/u>.<\/li>\n<li>Second, <u>for both rural and urban areas, to measure the labour force estimates on key parameters in both usual status and Current Weekly Status<\/u>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>What is Current Weekly Status?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The Current Weekly Status (CWS) approach to measuring unemployment uses <i><strong>seven days preceding the date of survey as the reference period<\/strong><\/i>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2><strong>Calculating Unemployment Rate<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The <strong>unemployment rate<\/strong> is not the percentage of the total adult population without jobs, but rather the percentage of adults who are in the labour force but who do not have jobs:\n<ul>\n<li>Unemployment rate = (Unemployed people\/Total labour force) \u00d7 100<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u00a0<\/h3>\n<h2><strong>What is Labour Force Participation Rate?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The labour force <u>consists of persons who are of age 15 years or older<\/u>, and belong to either of the following two categories:\n<ul>\n<li><u>Employed<\/u><\/li>\n<li><u>Unemployed and are willing to work and are actively looking for a job<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>There is a crucial commonality between the two categories \u2014 they both have people \u201cdemanding\u201d jobs. This demand is what <strong>Labour Force Participation Rate<\/strong> (LFPR) refers to.<\/li>\n<li>While those in category 1 succeed in getting a job, those in category 2 fail to do so.<\/li>\n<li>Essentially, <u>LFPR is the number of people ages 15 and older who are employed or actively seeking employment, divided by the total non-institutionalized, civilian working-age population<\/u>.\n<ul>\n<li>LFPR represents the demand for jobs in an economy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>On the other hand, Unemployment Rate (UER), which is routinely quoted in the news, is nothing but the number of unemployed (category 2) as a proportion of the labour force.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Latest PLFS Report by NSO<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The NSO\u2019s latest annual PLFS report was released for the <strong>2021-22 (July-June) period<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Farm Sector \u2013<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Farm sector\u2019s share in the country\u2019s employed labour force is at <strong>45.5%<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>H3: Image Caption: Farm Sector Data<\/p>\n<p>The above chart shows the share of agriculture in the total workforce over a longer time period, based on previous years\u2019 PLFS reports.<\/p>\n<p>The <i><strong>share of agriculture in the total workforce has fell from 64.6% in 1993-94 to 42.5% in 2018-19<\/strong><\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>The biggest decline, from 58.5% to 48.9%, happened between 2004-05 and 2011-12.<\/p>\n<p>The share of the labour force employed in manufacturing peaked at 12.6% in 2011-12.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Halting of Structural Transformation<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Since 2011-12, the structural transformation from agriculture to manufacturing has slowed, with the share of agriculture in employment not falling fast enough and, in fact, rising after 2018-19.<\/li>\n<li>The <i><strong>share of manufacturing has dropped behind even that of construction and trade, hotels &amp; restaurants<\/strong><\/i>.<\/li>\n<li>In 2021-22, manufacturing\u2019s share, at <strong>11.6%<\/strong>, was below that of <strong>construction (12.4%)<\/strong> as well as <strong>trade, hotels &amp; restaurants (12.1%)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>In other words, structural transformation hasn\u2019t just slowed \u2014 it has stalled, if not reversed. <i><strong>There is not much labour transfer taking place from farms to factories<\/strong><\/i>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Rise of Construction Sector<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The jobs that are getting generated outside agriculture are mostly in construction and low-paid services, whose share has overtaken that of manufacturing.<\/li>\n<li>The <i><strong>construction sector has now become the second-largest employer after agriculture<\/strong><\/i>.<\/li>\n<li>Five years ago, it was at No. 4, after agriculture, manufacturing and trade, hotels &amp; restaurants. Today, manufacturing has been relegated to the fourth spot.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><strong>Q1) What is an Organized Sector?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Organized sector covers those enterprises or places of work where the terms of employment are regular and therefore, people have assured work.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Q2)<\/strong> <strong>What is meant by Labour Force?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The labour force, or currently active population, comprises all persons who fulfil the requirements for inclusion among the employed (civilian employment plus the armed forces) or the unemployed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-economics\/explained-economics-agriculture-and-employment-8480945\/#:~:text=Q3%20GDP%20data-,The%20NSSO&#039;s%20latest%20annual%20Periodic%20Labour%20Force%20Survey%20(PLFS)%20report,%2D19%20low%20of%2042.5%25\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>What India\u2019s labour force and national income data tell us about jobs shifting from agriculture<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Video:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=e__p3UZCV9E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=e__p3UZCV9E<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Periodic Labour Force Survey is annually published by National Statistical Office.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":32787,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-32786","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32786","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32786"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32786\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32787"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}