{"id":32998,"date":"2023-01-27T10:01:26","date_gmt":"2023-01-27T04:31:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=32998"},"modified":"2025-04-19T17:48:18","modified_gmt":"2025-04-19T12:18:18","slug":"india-egypt-declare-strategic-partnership","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/india-egypt-declare-strategic-partnership\/","title":{"rendered":"India, Egypt declare \u2018strategic partnership\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in news?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>India-Egypt Bilateral Relations<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Political Relations between India and Egypt<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Economic Relations between India and Egypt<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Development cooperation between India and Egypt<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Defence Relations between India and Egypt<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Cultural relation between India and Egypt<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Indian Community at Egypt<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>News Summary: Outcomes of the State visit of President of Egypt to India<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Why in news?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>President of the Arab Republic of Egypt, Abdel Fattah El-Sisi, is on a State Visit to India from 24-27 January 2023.<\/li>\n<li>President Sisi, who is on his second State Visit to India, was also the Chief Guest at India\u2019s Republic Day on 26 January 2023.<\/li>\n<li>During this visit, President Sisi and PM Modi held bilateral talks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>India-Egypt Bilateral Relations<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>India and Egypt, two of the world\u2019s oldest civilizations, have enjoyed a history of close contact from ancient times.\u00a0\n<ul>\n<li>Ashoka\u2019s edicts refer to his relations with Egypt under Ptolemy-II.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Close friendship between President Nasser and PM Nehru led to a Friendship Treaty between the two countries in 1955.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Political Relations between India and Egypt<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Both countries have cooperated closely in multilateral fora and were the founding members of Non-Aligned Movement.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>The year 2022 is of particular significance since it marks the 75th anniversary of diplomatic relation between India and Egypt.<\/li>\n<li>Egypt has been invited as a <strong>Guest Country<\/strong> during India\u2019s Presidency of G-20.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Economic Relations between India and Egypt<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Bilateral trade has expanded rapidly in 2021-22, amounting to 7.26 billion registering a 75% increase compared to FY 2020-21.\n<ul>\n<li>India\u2019s exports to Egypt during this period amounted to US$ 3.74 billion and Egypt\u2019s exports to India reached US$ 3.52 billion.<\/li>\n<li>In FY 2021-22, the top Indian imports from Egypt were Mineral Oil\/Petroleum, Fertilizers, Inorganic Chemicals and Cotton.<\/li>\n<li>Main items of export to Egypt from India were Buffalo Meat, Iron &amp; Steel, Engineering Products, Light Vehicles and Cotton Yarn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>India was the 6<sup>th<\/sup> most important trading partner for Egypt in FY2021-22.<\/li>\n<li>Around 50 Indian companies have invested in various sectors in Egypt with a combined investment exceeding US$ 3.15 billion.\n<ul>\n<li>Egyptian investments in India are to the tune of US$ 37 million.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Wheat export from India<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Russia-Ukraine conflict has threatened Egypt with a shortage for wheat, 80% of which is imported from Russia and Ukraine.<\/li>\n<li>In April 2022, Egypt announced inclusion of India in the list of accredited countries which can supply wheat to Egypt, thus ending a long pending Non-Tariff Barrier.<\/li>\n<li>In May 2022, India \u2014 which had put a ban on export of wheat \u2014 allowed export of 61,000 tonnes to Egypt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Development cooperation between India and Egypt<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The grants-in-aid projects include<\/strong>:\u00a0\n<ul>\n<li>Pan Africa Tele-medicine and Tele-education project in Alexandria University, Solar electrification project in Agaween village and Vocational Training Centre for textile technology in Shoubra, Cairo, which have been completed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Technical cooperation and assistance<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Since 2000, over 1300 Egyptian officials have benefited from ITEC and other programs like ICCR and IAFS scholarships.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Defence Relations between India and Egypt<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Exercises<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The first ever IAF-EAF Joint Tactical Air Exercise, Dessert Warrior, was held in Egypt in October 2021.<\/li>\n<li>For the first time, Indian Air Force participated in Tactical Leadership Programme of Egyptian Air Force Weapons School in 2022.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Cyclone Exercise between two countries is being held 14-27 Jan 2023 in India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transits:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Indian Navy Ships undertake port calls at Egyptian ports.<\/li>\n<li>Egypt regularly provides transit facilities to IAF and IN aircraft ferrying to\/ from Russia, Europe and the USA.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Cultural relation between India and Egypt<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The Maulana Azad Centre for Indian Culture (MACIC) has been promoting cultural cooperation between the two countries.<\/li>\n<li>The iconic Cairo Tower (which is the tallest tower in North Africa) was illuminated with Indian National Flag in the evening of 15th August 2021.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Indian Community at Egypt<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>At present, the Indian community in Egypt numbers at around 3200, most of whom are concentrated in Cairo.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>There are also a small number of families in Alexandria, Port Said and Ismailia.<\/li>\n<li>About 400 Indian students are studying in Egypt, mainly in Al Azhar University.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>News Summary: Outcomes of the State visit of President of Egypt to India<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Relationship upgraded to Strategic Partnership<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Both sides decided to elevate the relationship to Strategic Partnership covering political, security, defence, energy and economic areas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>75 years of establishment of India-Egypt relationship<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Both sides exchanged the Commemorative Postal Stamps to mark 75 years of establishment of India-Egypt relationship.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>MoUs signed<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>MoU in the area of Cyber Security<\/li>\n<li>MoU in the fields of Information Technology between India and Egypt<\/li>\n<li>MoU on Cooperation in Youth Matters between India and Egypt<\/li>\n<li>MoU in the field of Culture between India and Egypt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>The issue of terrorism<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Both countries agreed that concerted action is necessary to end cross-border terrorism.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>And for this, they decided that together both the countries will continue to try to alert the international community.<\/li>\n<li>They condemned the use of terrorism as a foreign policy tool and called for zero tolerance towards terrorism.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Bilateral trade<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Both sides have decided to take the bilateral trade to 12 billion dollars in the next five years.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Proposal to create permanent channels<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Egyptian President requested PM Modi to create permanent channels to enhance digital connections between small and medium scale industries.<\/li>\n<li>This will help in improving life of common people.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Q1)\u00a0<\/strong><strong>What is Suez Canal?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The Suez Canal is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea.\u00a0The canal is operated and maintained by the state-owned Suez Canal Authority (SCA) of Egypt.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q2)\u00a0What are some of the deserts in Africa?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u00a0Africa &#8211; the second largest continent in the world is also home to the largest desert in the world &#8211; the Sahara. Other deserts include Kalahari Desert, Karoo Desert, Danakil Desert, Chalbi Desert, Namib Desert, and Guban Desert.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/india\/pm-narendra-modi-egypt-el-sisi-cross-border-terrorism-8403935\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>India, Egypt elevate ties to strategic partnership, say terror is most serious security threat to humanity<\/u><\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/mea.gov.in\/incoming-visit-detail.htm?36145\/List+of+Outcomes++State+visit+of+President+of+Egypt+to+India\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Ministry of External Affairs<\/u><\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eoicairo.gov.in\/page\/india-egypt\/#:~:text=The%20bilateral%20trade%20in%202018,compared%20to%20FY%202020%2D21.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Embassy of India in Cairo<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>India and Egypt signed a Friendship Treaty in 1955.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":32999,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-32998","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32998","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32998"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32998\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32999"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32998"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32998"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32998"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}