{"id":33597,"date":"2022-12-25T11:08:50","date_gmt":"2022-12-25T05:38:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=33597"},"modified":"2025-04-19T23:49:35","modified_gmt":"2025-04-19T18:19:35","slug":"nepal-appoints-new-prime-minister","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/nepal-appoints-new-prime-minister\/","title":{"rendered":"Nepal appoints new Prime Minister"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in news?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>How does the electoral system of Nepal work?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Background:<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Federal election of Nepal<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>How does the voting work?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>What is the process of formation of government in Nepal?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>News Summary<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>What does this mean for India?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Why in news?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Pushpa Kamal Dahal \u2018Prachanda\u2019<\/strong> has been appointed Nepal&#8217;s new prime minister for a third time.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>How does the electoral system of Nepal work?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>Background<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>The new constitution passed in 2015 declared Nepal a federal state with three levels of government: federal, provincial and local.<\/li>\n<li>Adult franchise and periodic election have been categorically stated in the preamble to the Constitution.<\/li>\n<li>The Constitution provisioned different types of electoral system at local, provincial and federal level:\u00a0\n<ul>\n<li><strong>first past the post (FPTP) system<\/strong> for the election of Local Level, and\u00a0\n<ul>\n<li>In FPTP system, the candidate with the highest number of votes in a constituency is declared the winner.<\/li>\n<li>The system of allocation of seats on the basis of the votes secured by political parties is the proportional electoral system.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>the mixed electoral system of first past the post and proportional representation for the election of State Assembly and House of Representatives.<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The use of two different electoral systems at the same time is known as mixed electoral system.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>This system has mixed the merits of plurality\/ majority or other electoral systems and proportional representation electoral system.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Federal election of Nepal<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>There are 334 members in the Federal Parliament, out of which the <strong>House of Representatives<\/strong> (HoR) has 275 members and the <strong>National Assembly<\/strong> (NA) has 59 members.<\/li>\n<li>For federal election, <strong>Nepal has selected the mixed electoral system<\/strong>:\u00a0\n<ul>\n<li>The first past the post electoral system within plurality\/majority electoral system and\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>List-based proportional electoral system within the proportional electoral system.\n<ul>\n<li>Political parties submit the list of candidates to the election management body (the Election Commission in case of Nepal).\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Political parries select the winning candidates based on the number of seats secured by them.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Members of the House of Representatives are elected as follows:\n<ul>\n<li>165 members are elected through the first past the post electoral system;<\/li>\n<li>110 members are elected from political parties through a proportional representation electoral system.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/crq1kumhfEC5dcTGlh9SBGAEI-8eRuse754tKO-cc9AoVKu4imhY55GsuQ0Vsses2wUkgm-9UcZ54BtWxpoqFVQVhlNV_qHcJmV0DYoCLBvtBAC8s7CQM1R_d_RqTTkObknqlKcDlipzwFmPZ6z1_A\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0Image caption: Strength of both the houses the Parliament of Nepal<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>How does the Voting work?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Each voter will be given two ballot papers for the two methods (FPTP and PR).\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>A party has to cross the election threshold of 3 percent of the overall valid vote to be allocated a seat under the PR method.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>What is the process of formation of government in Nepal?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Federal parliament (HoR+NA) will elect a prime minister, who is the real executive head.\u00a0\n<ul>\n<li>The leader of the party that wins a simple majority is invited to form the government. A party or a coalition needs 138 seats for a clear majority.<\/li>\n<li>Members of the HoR are elected for a five-year term.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The National Assembly (NA) is a permanent body.\n<ul>\n<li>56 members chosen by an electoral college consisting of PA members and village and municipal executive members.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>Three members are nominated by the president.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>It has a term of six years, with one-third of its members retiring every two years on a rotational basis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The president and vice president are constitutional posts with nominal power.\u00a0\n<ul>\n<li>They are elected by an electoral college formed by the HoR, NA and Provincial Assembly (PA) members.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The members of the PA choose chief ministers to run the respective provinces.<\/li>\n<li>A total of 753 local units, spread across 77 districts in seven provinces, have been elected to run the village and municipal administration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>News Summary: News Prime Minister of Nepal<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) chairman Pushpa Kamal Dahal \u2018Prachanda\u2019 has been appointed as the new Prime Minister of Nepal.<\/li>\n<li>He had joined hands with rival K P Sharma Oli, chairman of the Communist Party of Nepal-Unified Marxist Leninist (CPN-UML), and other smaller parties.\n<ul>\n<li>Prachanda has claimed the support of 170 parliamentarians in the 275-member House.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Prachanda and Oli have reached an understanding to lead the government on rotation basis, and Oli agreed to make Prachanda Prime Minister in the first round.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Background<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Elections in Nepal, held on November 20, failed to produce a clear winner. It saw the ruling coalition of prime minister Sher Bahadur Deuba (of Nepali Congress) lose its majority.<\/li>\n<li>After the election, the Nepali Congress became the single largest party with 89 seats, while CPN-UML and CPN-MC got 78 and 32 seats respectively.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>What does this mean for India?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Both Prachanda and Oli are seen as pro-China.<\/li>\n<li>Prachanda has in the past said a new understanding with India needed to be developed on the basis of \u201cchanged scenario\u201d in Nepal and after addressing all outstanding issues.\n<ul>\n<li>Outstanding issues between the two countries include revision of the 1950 Friendship Treaty and resolving Kalapani and Susta border disputes among others.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>On the other hand, Oli, in 2021, claimed that efforts were being made to oust him after his government redrew Nepal\u2019s political map by incorporating three strategically key Indian territories.\n<ul>\n<li>Nepali Parliament, in 2020, unanimously approved the new political map of the country featuring <strong>Lipulekh, Kalapani and Limpiyadhura<\/strong> areas which India maintains belong to it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Q1) How does Nepal elect its Prime Minister?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The leader of the party that wins a simple majority is invited to form the government. A party or a coalition needs 138 seats for a clear majority. Members of the HoR are elected for a five-year term.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q2) How is President elected in Nepal?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The president is indirectly elected by an electoral college comprising the Federal Parliament of Nepal and the provincial assemblies of each of Nepal&#8217;s seven provinces, who themselves are all directly elected.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/world\/pushpa-kamal-dahal-prachanda-appointed-new-prime-minister-nepal-8343712\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Maoist chief Pushpa Kamal Dahal \u2018Prachanda\u2019 becomes Nepal\u2019s new PM<\/u><\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nepal.ec-undp-electoralassistance.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2018\/12\/ec-undp-jtf-nepal-resources-publications-electoral-provisions-in-constitution.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Election Commission Of Nepal<\/u><\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2017\/12\/7\/nepal-elections-explained\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Aljazeerz<\/u><\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/world-news\/how-pushpa-kamal-dahal-prachanda-ex-guerrilla-chief-became-nepal-s-new-pm-101671977672767.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Hindustan Times<\/u><\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/world\/south-asia\/backed-by-oli-prachanda-becomes-nepals-new-pm\/articleshow\/96501589.cms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Times Of India<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nepal, a federal state with three levels of government, appoints a new Prime Minister.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":33598,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-33597","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33597","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33597"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33597\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33598"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33597"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33597"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33597"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}