{"id":34620,"date":"2022-11-07T05:03:40","date_gmt":"2022-11-06T23:33:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=34620"},"modified":"2025-04-20T15:39:33","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T10:09:33","slug":"cop27-1st-time-compensating-poor-nations-for-climate-disasters-on-the-table","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/cop27-1st-time-compensating-poor-nations-for-climate-disasters-on-the-table\/","title":{"rendered":"COP27: 1st Time, Compensating Poor Nations for Climate Disasters on the Table"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The issue of loss and damage<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>News Summary\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Why in news?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>On the opening day of the UN climate conference, over 190 participating countries, including India, agreed to include funding for loss and damage in the agenda for the COP27.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>The issue of loss and damage:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>Background:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Human-caused climate change has already warmed the planet by 1.1 degrees Celsius, and millions of people are now experiencing the impacts of higher temperatures and extreme weather events.<\/li>\n<li>Rapidly cutting emissions is critical to limiting temperature rise. However, present global efforts to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and adapt are insufficientto address the speed and scale of climatic impacts.\n<ul>\n<li>According to the UNEP&#8217;s\u00a0<strong>Emissions Gap Report 2022<\/strong>, the GHG emissions have rebounded and increased in India and six other major emitters in the aftermath of the pandemic.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>This implies that\u00a0somelosses and damages from climate change are unavoidable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>About \u201cLoss and damage\u201d:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a broad term used in UN climate negotiations to describe the impacts of climate change that exceed what people can adapt to.<\/li>\n<li>It is and will continue to disproportionately affect\u00a0vulnerable communities, making tackling the issue a matter ofclimate justice.<\/li>\n<li>While the UNFCCC has not precisely defined loss and damage, it results from both\u00a0<strong>extreme weather events<\/strong>\u00a0(cyclones, droughts and heatwaves) and\u00a0<strong>slow-onset changes<\/strong>\u00a0(sea level rise, desertification, land degradation, ocean acidification).<\/li>\n<li>The damages from these effects of climate change can be divided into\u00a0<strong>economic losses\u00a0<\/strong>(affecting resources, goods and services)<strong>\u00a0and non-economic losses\u00a0<\/strong>(loss of lives, the disappearance of cultures and ways of living, migration).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Genesis of the concept of \u201cLoss and damage\u201d:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Since the early 1990s, when the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (<strong>UNFCCC<\/strong>) was established, the appropriate response to loss and damage has been disputed.<\/li>\n<li>Establishing liability and compensation for loss and damage has been<strong>\u00a0a long-standing goal for vulnerable and developing countries<\/strong>\u00a0in the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS) and the Least Developed Countries Group in negotiations.\n<ul>\n<li>Rich countries, who have historically been blamed for the climate crisis, have ignored the concerns of vulnerable people and countries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Following much persuasion from developing countries and NGOs, the climate conference established the\u00a0<strong>Warsaw International Mechanism (WIM)<\/strong>\u00a0on Loss and Damages in\u00a0<strong>2013\u00a0<\/strong>to continue the negotiations on this issue.\n<ul>\n<li>The discussions under WIM so far have focused mainly on enhancing knowledge and strengthening dialogue.<\/li>\n<li>No funding mechanism\u00a0or even a promise to provide funds, has been provided.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>However, momentum for providing funding to address loss and damage ultimately gained traction during theCOP26 climate summit in Glasgow in 2021<strong>.<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>A 3-year task force was set up to discuss a funding arrangement for loss and damage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>So far, Canada, Denmark, Germany, New Zealand, Scotland and the Belgian province of Wallonia have all shown some level of support for loss and damage financing.<\/li>\n<li>Countries will have the\u00a0<strong>opportunity to finally establish<\/strong>\u00a0a framework to handle this vital issue\u00a0at the COP27 summit in Egypt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>News Summary:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Inclusion of funding for loss and damage in the agenda for the COP27:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The decision to include loss and damage in the main agenda of COP27 comes in the wake of a series of unprecedented climate disasters this year:\n<ul>\n<li>Europe\u2019s worst drought in 500 years;<\/li>\n<li>Pakistan\u2019s worst ever flooding, extensive heat waves in several parts of the world.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The inclusion in the main agenda &#8211;\n<ul>\n<li>Will have the effect of mainstreaming the issue and would force regular discussions and greater progress.<\/li>\n<li>Has renewed the fight for justice for communities losing their homes, crops and income.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>India\u2019s stand:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>While inaugurating the India pavilion at COP27, showcasing\u00a0<strong>LiFE<\/strong>(lifestyle for environment) as its theme in sync with the country\u2019s stand on this issue, the Union Environment Minister has clarified that India welcomes the inclusion of this issue.<\/li>\n<li>India is leading the\u00a0<strong>Mission LiFE<\/strong>\u00a0(2022-27), a global mass effort to revive the delicate balance between man and nature.<\/li>\n<li>It advocates a transition from mindless and wasteful consumption to conscious and purposeful utilisation to safeguard and maintain the environment.<\/li>\n<li>By 2028, it is expected that at least 80% of all villages and urban local bodies in India will be environmentally-friendly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Way ahead:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Inclusion on the formal agenda is just the beginning. The actual provision for climate disaster compensation is still a long way away.<\/li>\n<li>Getting the rich and developed worlds to contribute money to climate response has been a challenging battle. And calculating loss due to climate change is difficult.<\/li>\n<li>However, this decision has set the tone. The COP27 must agree to establish a\u00a0Loss and Damage Finance Facility\u00a0to assist people and nations in recovering from the effects of climate change.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>COP27 are United Nations Climate Change Conference  of the UNFCCC, more commonly referred to as COP27<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":34621,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-34620","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34620","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34620"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34620\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34621"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34620"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34620"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34620"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}