{"id":34974,"date":"2023-04-20T10:03:58","date_gmt":"2023-04-20T04:33:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=34974"},"modified":"2025-04-20T20:23:46","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T14:53:46","slug":"state-of-world-population-report-2023-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/state-of-world-population-report-2023-2\/","title":{"rendered":"State of World Population Report 2023"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in news?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>What is UN Population Fund (UNFPA)?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>What are the functions of UNFPA?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>What is State of World Population Report?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>News Summary: State of World Population Report 2023<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Key highlights of the report with respect to India<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Other highlights of the report with respect to rest of the world<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Why in news?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The UN Population Fund (UNFPA) has released the State of World Population Report, 2023.<\/li>\n<li>As per the report, India is set to overtake China to become the world\u2019s most populous country by the middle of 2023.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>UN Population Fund<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>What is UN Population Fund (UNFPA)?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) is trust fund under the jurisdiction of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).\n<ul>\n<li>UNFPA was formerly (1969\u201387) known as United Nations Fund for Population Activities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Established in 1969, the UNFPA is the largest international source of assistance for population programs.<\/li>\n<li>It is the leading UN organization for the implementation of the 1994 Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development.<\/li>\n<li>In other words, UNFPA is the United Nations sexual and reproductive health agency.\n<ul>\n<li>Its mission is to deliver a world where every pregnancy is wanted, every childbirth is safe and every young person&#8217;s potential is fulfilled.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2><strong>What are the functions of UNFPA?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>UNFPA funds assistance, research, and advocacy programs in three major areas:\n<ul>\n<li>reproductive health, including family planning, safe motherhood, and the prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases,<\/li>\n<li>the population problems of developed and developing countries and possible strategies for addressing them, and<\/li>\n<li>issues related to the status of women, including the gender gap in education.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>UNFPA assistance programs are undertaken only in response to government requests.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2><strong>What is State of World Population Report?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The State of World Population Report is an annual publication released by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA).<\/li>\n<li>It provides an analysis of the world population and its various aspects such as health, education, human rights, and economic development.<\/li>\n<li>The report offers insights into population trends, challenges, and opportunities for development in different regions and countries of the world.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>News Summary:<\/strong> <strong>State of World Population Report 2023<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>Key highlights of the report with respect to India<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>India is on track to be the world\u2019s most populous country<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>India is set to overtake China to become the world\u2019s most populous country by the middle of 2023.<\/li>\n<li>India\u2019s population is pegged to reach 142.86 crore against China\u2019s 142.57 crore.\n<ul>\n<li>The United States is a distant third, with an estimated population of 34 crore.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>According to the UN projections, India\u2019s population is expected to grow for the next three decades after which it will begin declining.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Working population of India<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><u>68 per cent of India\u2019s total population is between the ages of 15 and 64 years, <\/u>which is considered the working population of a country.<\/li>\n<li>About 25 per cent is between 0-14 years; 18 per cent between 10 and 19 years, 26 percent between 10 and 24 years, and 7 per cent above 65 years.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Other demographic indicators<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>o\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi-test.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com\/media\/content\/ckeditor\/2023\/04\/21\/image-20230421222648-1.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Image caption: Demographic indicators<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The average life expectancy at birth for males in India is 71 years while for females it is 74 years.\n<ul>\n<li>India\u2019s total fertility rate (births per woman in the reproductive age) is estimated at 2.0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>India in a unique position<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>India is in a unique position in which the young and working population is larger than the population which needs care (children and the elderly).<\/li>\n<li>This is unlike countries such as Japan with a declining population and an increasing elderly population.<\/li>\n<li>Such countries are, and will be, in dire need of skilled labour, and this is something that India can provide, capitalising on its demographic dividend.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Population anxieties are widespread<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The report indicates that population anxieties are widespread.\n<ul>\n<li>Population anxieties refer to concerns or worries related to the size, growth, and distribution of human populations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Governments are increasingly adopting policies aimed at raising, lowering or maintaining fertility rates.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u00a0<\/h2>\n<h2><strong>Other highlights of the report with respect to rest of the world<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Population trends everywhere<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The report says that contrary to the alarm bells about exploding numbers, <u>population trends everywhere point to slower growth and ageing societies<\/u>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Eight countries will account for half the projected growth in global population by 2050<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>These countries are:\n<ul>\n<li>the Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines and the United Republic of Tanzania.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>On the other hand, two-thirds of people now live in a country where lifetime fertility corresponds with zero growth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Suggestions given<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The report <u>cautioned against use of family planning as a tool for achieving fertility targets<\/u>.\n<ul>\n<li>Family planning targets can lead to <strong>gender-based discrimination<\/strong> and harmful practices such as <strong>prenatal sex determination leading to sex-selective abortion<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Governments must introduce policies with gender equality and rights at their heart.<\/li>\n<li>These may include: parental leave programmes, child tax credits, policies that promote gender equality in the workplace, and universal access to sexual and reproductive health and rights.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Q1)<\/strong> <strong>What is Demographic dividend?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Demographic dividend refers to the economic growth that can be achieved by a country as a result of changes in its population structure. Specifically, it refers to the period during which the proportion of the working-age population (i.e. those aged 15-64) is higher than the dependent population (i.e. those younger than 15 or older than 64).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q2)\u00a0What is Total Fertility Rate (TFR)?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Total Fertility Rate (TFR) is a statistical measure used to estimate the average number of children that would be born to a woman during her reproductive years (usually defined as ages 15-49) if she were to experience the prevailing age-specific fertility rates of a given population in a given year.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/india\/india-population-up-un-sowp-report-life-expectancy-fertility-rate-8564123\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>India\u2019s population 142.8 crore in 2023, crosses China\u2019s: UN population report<\/u><\/a>\u00a0|\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/india-population-to-surpass-china-mid-year-un-estimates\/article66754584.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>The Hindu<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>State of World Population Report by UNFPA deals with global population trends, issues and policies.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":34975,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-34974","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34974","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34974"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34974\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34975"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34974"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34974"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34974"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}