{"id":37101,"date":"2023-09-05T01:37:10","date_gmt":"2023-09-04T20:07:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=37101"},"modified":"2025-04-22T11:00:02","modified_gmt":"2025-04-22T05:30:02","slug":"g20-workstreams","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/g20-workstreams\/","title":{"rendered":"What are the G20 \u2018Workstreams\u2019?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in news?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>What is G-20?\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>What is the Significance of G20?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>India\u2019s G20 Presidency and India\u2019s aim of global leadership<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>How is the G20 structured?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Why in news?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The 18th annual G20 Heads of State and Government Summit is less than a week away.<\/li>\n<li>It will take place at Bharat Mandapam, Pragati Maidan, in New Delhi on September 9 and 10.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>G-20<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com\/media\/editor_images\/2023\/9\/5\/13\/38\/41\/64f6e2096ea8107335ebcfcd_OI.PNG\" \/><\/li>\n<li>G-20, started as a group of finance ministers and central bank governors from 19 individual countries and European Union. It was established in 1999.<\/li>\n<li>G20 was elevated to a forum of Heads of State\/Government in 2008 to effectively respond to the global financial crisis of 2008.<\/li>\n<li>G-20 is a forum, <u>not a legislative body<\/u>. Its agreements and decisions have no legal impact, but they do influence countries&#8217; policies and global cooperation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Significance of G20<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Carries significant weight<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>G20 members represent around 85% of global GDP, over 75% of global trade, and two-thirds of the world\u2019s population.<\/li>\n<li>G20 members contribute 79% of the world carbon emissions and hence this platform assumes significance in shaping the discussion on climate change.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Promotes Multilateralism<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Since 2011, the <a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/quest-upsc-notes\/g20\/\" target=\"_blank\">G20 summit<\/a> has been held annually, under a rotating presidency.<\/li>\n<li>The practice of rotating the chair gives all the members a chance to shape the global agenda.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>A number of overarching themes<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Initially, the G20 focused on broad macroeconomic policy, but has since expanded its ambit to include trade, sustainable development, energy, environment, climate change, anti-corruption etc.\n<ul>\n<li>E.g., 2021 summit decided to stop funding coal-fired power plants in poor countries by the end of 2021.<\/li>\n<li>It also committed to seek carbon neutrality \u201cby or around mid-century\u201d.<\/li>\n<li>2021 summit endorsed the Two-Pillar Solution to Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>United Fight against COVID-19 Pandemic<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>In March 2020, G20 leaders pledged to inject $5 trillion into the global economy to reduce the economic impact of the coronavirus\u2002pandemic.<\/li>\n<li>In addition to this, they also agreed to contribute to WHO\u2019s COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund on voluntary basis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>India\u2019s G20 Presidency and India\u2019s aim of global leadership<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The theme India selected for its G20 presidency is <strong>Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam<\/strong> (The world is one family).<\/li>\n<li>India&#8217;s G20 leadership has sought to make the Global South the <strong>Centre point of global conversations<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>During its year-long presidency, New Delhi, through different initiatives, has made an intense effort to showcase India&#8217;s claim to global leadership.<\/li>\n<li>A visible dimension of this exercise is reflected in its <strong>participatory nature<\/strong>.\n<ul>\n<li>While inaugurating the 17th Pravasi Bharatiya Diyas Convention in Indore in January 2023, PM Modi noted that India has to make the G20 not just a diplomatic event but a historical event of the people&#8217;s participation.<\/li>\n<li>India has envisaged <strong><u>janbhagidari<\/u><\/strong><u> (people&#8217;s participation) in the G20 through various civic engagements and its hosting of more than 200 meetings, ranging across 50 cities and 32 working streams<\/u>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Another significant aspect of this participatory diplomacy is the <strong>prioritisation of provinces and regions and the showcasing of cultures<\/strong> that weren&#8217;t given due attention earlier.<\/li>\n<li>As a nation that wants to be a &#8216;leading player&#8217; in the global order, India is keen to address the world&#8217;s pressing issues through its leadership, including <u>climate change, food security, health care, and technology<\/u>.<\/li>\n<li>As part of this, New Delhi has <strong>highlighted issues that matter for emerging economies<\/strong>: <u>digital public infrastructure, entrepreneurship and innovation, climate justice, and affordable access to health care<\/u>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Structuring of G20<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The G20 works in three major tracks \u2014 two of them are official and one is unofficial.<\/li>\n<li>The official tracks are the <strong>Finance Track and the Sherpa Track<\/strong>. The unofficial track includes engagement groups or civil society groups.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Finance Track<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The Finance Track is headed by the finance ministers and central bank governors, who usually meet four times a year.\n<ul>\n<li>Two meetings are usually held on the sidelines of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) meetings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>It mainly focuses on <u>fiscal and monetary policy<\/u> issues such as the global economy, infrastructure, financial regulation, financial inclusion, international financial architecture, and international taxation.<\/li>\n<li>Today, it has eight working groups.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sherpa Track<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The Sherpa Track was established after the forum became a leaders\u2019 summit in 2008.<\/li>\n<li>It consists of representatives of heads of state.\n<ul>\n<li>Each representative is known as a Sherpa \u2014 it is the metaphor from the mountaineering domain, where the Sherpa is supposed to do the heavy lifting or assist the mountaineer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>It focuses on socio-economic issues such as agriculture, anti-corruption, climate, digital economy, education, employment, energy, environment, health, tourism, trade, and investment.<\/li>\n<li>There are 13 working groups within the Sherpa Track.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Engagement Groups<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The unofficial track comprises engagement or civil groups.<\/li>\n<li>These groups often draft recommendations to the G20 Leaders that contribute to the policy-making process.<\/li>\n<li>The engagement groups are as follows: Business20, Civil20, Labour20, Parliament20, Science20, SAI20, Startup20, Think20, Urban20, Women20, and Youth20.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Q1)\u00a0What is Sherpa Track?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The Sherpa Track was established after the forum became a leaders\u2019 summit in 2008. It consists of representatives of heads of state. Each representative is known as a Sherpa \u2014 it is the metaphor from the mountaineering domain, where the Sherpa is supposed to do the heavy lifting or assist the mountaineer.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q2)\u00a0What is the theme of G20 2023?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The theme for the G20 Summit 2023 is \u201cVasudhaiva Kutumbakam,\u201d which translates to \u201cOne Earth, One Family, One Future.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-global\/g-20-workstreams-sherpa-finance-track-8924358\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Sherpa Track, Finance Track, and Engagement Groups: What are the G20 \u2018workstreams\u2019?<\/u><\/a><br \/>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>G20, is a group of finance ministers and central bank governors from 19 individual countries and EU.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":37102,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-37101","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37101"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37101\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37102"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37101"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}