{"id":37206,"date":"2023-08-27T02:29:55","date_gmt":"2023-08-26T20:59:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=37206"},"modified":"2025-04-22T11:59:50","modified_gmt":"2025-04-22T06:29:50","slug":"what-is-the-care-protocol-for-babies-in-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/what-is-the-care-protocol-for-babies-in-india\/","title":{"rendered":"What is the Care Protocol for Babies in India?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>What\u2019s in Today\u2019s Article?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in News?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>What are Patient Safety Provisions in India?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>How is Neonatal Safety Maintained in India?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>What are the Issues Neonates Face?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Why in News?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Former British nurse\u00a0<strong>Lucy Letby<\/strong>\u00a0was sentenced to life in prison earlier this week after being found guilty in the worst child serial killer case in the history of the U.K.<\/li>\n<li>Letby killed infants by injecting them with air, others were force-fed milk and two were poisoned with insulin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>What are Patient Safety Provisions in India?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Patient safety is a fundamental element of public healthcare.<\/li>\n<li>As per the Union Health Ministry document titled, \u2018<strong>National Patient Safety Implementation Framework (2018-2025)<\/strong>\u2019, patient safety is defined as the freedom for a patient from unnecessary harm or potential harm associated with provision of healthcare.<\/li>\n<li>Patients in India are protected under multiple layers of law\u00a0<u>that are largely fragmented<\/u>.<\/li>\n<li>The first idea of patient safety is enshrined in the\u00a0<strong>Hippocratic Oath<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Additionally, the\u00a0<strong>Consumer Protection Act, 2019<\/strong>\u00a0deals with medical negligence and deficiency of services.<\/li>\n<li>Legal rights of the patients are set out in the\u00a0<strong>Clinical Establishment Act, 2010<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>Drugs Controller General of India<\/strong>\u00a0have mechanisms to see that patients\u2019 rights in terms of medication and devices are protected and that they are not overcharged, among other things.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>How is Neonatal Safety Maintained in India?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>A new-born infant, or neonate, is a\u00a0<strong>child under 28 days of age<\/strong>. During these first 28 days of life, the child is at highest risk of dying.<\/li>\n<li>There are no exclusive rules for neonatal care and safety, or protection against external harm in Indian hospitals.<\/li>\n<li>However, there are provisions and checks against issues like inadvertent mix-up of babies at birth and abduction.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>What are the Issues Neonates Face?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Infant Mortality Rate \u2013<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>World Health Organization data shows that in 2019,\u00a0<strong>47% of all under-five deaths occurred in the new-born period with about one third dying on the day of birth<\/strong>\u00a0and close to three quarter dying within the first week of life.<\/li>\n<li>The current\u00a0<strong>infant mortality rate for India in 2023 is 26.6 deaths per 1,000 live births<\/strong>, a 3.89% decline from 2022.<\/li>\n<li>The infant mortality rate for India in 2022 was 27.6 deaths per 1,000 live births.<\/li>\n<li>Children who die within the first 28 days of birth\u00a0<u>suffer from conditions and diseases associated with lack of quality care at birth or skilled care and treatment immediately after birth<\/u>\u00a0and in the first days of life.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pre-term Birth \u2013<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Pre-term birth, intrapartum-related complications (birth asphyxia or lack of breathing at birth), infections and birth defects cause most neonatal deaths.<\/li>\n<li>Women who receive midwife-led continuity of care (MLCC) provided by professional midwives, educated, and regulated to internationals standards, are 16% less likely to lose their baby and 24% less likely to experience pre-term birth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Conclusion:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The WHO has advised families that\u00a0<strong>prompt medical care should be sought in case of danger signs, including feeding problems<\/strong>, or if the new-born has reduced activity, difficult breathing, a fever, fits or convulsions, jaundice in the first 24 hours after birth, yellow palms and soles at any age, or if the baby feels cold.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Families are also required to register the birth and bring the baby for timely vaccination<\/strong>, according to national schedules. Some new-borns require additional attention and care during hospitalisation and at home to minimise their health risks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Q1) What is the meaning of Stillbirth?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>A late-gestation fetal death occurring at or after 28 weeks of gestation is defined as a stillbirth. In India, estimated 6 lakh stillbirths occur every year.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q2) What does MMR stand for?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is defined as the number of maternal deaths during a given time period per 100,000 live births during the same time period. The MMR in India stands at 97\/ lakh live births.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/health\/explained-what-is-the-care-protocol-for-babies-in-india\/article67239285.ece#:~:text=The%20global%20organisation%20has%20also,at%20any%20age%2C%20or%20if\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Explained | What is the care protocol for babies in India?<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>During the first 28 days of life, the child is at highest risk of dying.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":37207,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-37206","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37206","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37206"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37206\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37206"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}