{"id":37686,"date":"2023-10-08T09:24:27","date_gmt":"2023-10-08T03:54:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=37686"},"modified":"2025-04-23T00:41:22","modified_gmt":"2025-04-22T19:11:22","slug":"israel-at-war-after-hamas-surprise-attack","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/israel-at-war-after-hamas-surprise-attack\/","title":{"rendered":"Israel at war after Hamas surprise attack"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Why in news?<\/li>\n<li>Israel- Palestine: Synopsis of the Conflict<\/li>\n<li>What is Hamas?<\/li>\n<li>News Summary: Israel at war after Hamas surprise attack\n<ul>\n<li>How the Hamas attack on Israel unfolded?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Why in news?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Israel declared a state of war after Palestinian militants launched barrages of rockets into southern and central Israel.<\/li>\n<li>The attack also combined gunmen breaching security barriers with a barrage of rockets fired from Gaza.<\/li>\n<li>The attack came 50 years and a day after Egyptian and Syrian forces launched an assault during the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur.<\/li>\n<li>This was done in an effort to retrieve territory Israel had taken during a brief conflict in 1967.<\/li>\n<li>Attributing the attacks to the Palestinian militant group Hamas, the Israel Defence Forces began to carry out air strikes on Hamas targets in the Gaza Strip.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Israel- Palestine: Synopsis of the Conflict<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Early Phase<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>o In the 19th century the land of <strong>Palestine was inhabited by a multicultural population<\/strong> (approx. 86% Muslim, 10% Christian, and 4% Jewish) \u2013 living in peace.<\/p>\n<p>o <strong>In the late 1800s<\/strong>, a group in Europe decided to colonize this land. <strong>Known as Zionists<\/strong>, their goal was to create a Jewish homeland.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>They considered locations in Africa and the Americas, before settling on Palestine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>o Hitler\u2019s rise to power, led to increased Jewish immigration to Palestine. With the steady influx of Jews, the conflict in Palestine started to grow.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>UN Partition Plan<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vajiram-prod.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com\/Palestinian_Loss_of_Land_1947_to_Present_f82a272357.jpg\" alt=\"Palestinian Loss of Land 1947 to Present\" \/><\/p>\n<p>o In 1947 the <strong>United Nations decided to intervene<\/strong>. However, it <strong>did not choose the principle of \u201cself-determination of peoples<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>o Under considerable Zionist pressure, the UN recommended giving away 55% of Palestine to a Jewish state.<\/p>\n<p>o This was done despite the fact that this group represented only about 30% of the total population, and owned under 7% of the land.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>1947-1949 War<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Fighting began almost as soon as the Resolution of November 1947 was approved.<\/li>\n<li>On May 14, 1948, one day before the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_Mandate_of_Palestine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">British Mandate<\/a> (Palestine was a British colony) expired, Britain<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Declaration_of_the_Establishment_of_the_State_of_Israel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">declared<\/a> &#8220;the establishment of a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jewish_State\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Jewish State<\/a> in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eretz-Israel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">Eretz-Israel<\/a>, to be known as the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/State_of_Israel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">State of Israel<\/a>&#8220;.<\/li>\n<li>This sparked a full-scale war (<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1948_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_War\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">1948 Arab\u2013Israeli War<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>By the end of the war, Israel had conquered 78 percent of Palestine; and a new map was drawn up.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>1967 War<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Also known as a six-day war, Israeli forces launched a highly successful surprise attack on Egypt.<\/li>\n<li>Israel occupied the final 22% of Palestine that had eluded it in 1948 \u2013 the West Bank and Gaza Strip<\/li>\n<li>It also <strong>occupied parts of Egypt<\/strong> (since returned) and <strong>Syri<\/strong>a (which remain under occupation).\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Oslo peace process<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>In the 1993 a breakthrough agreement was negotiated between Israeli and Palestinian leaders in Oslo, Norway.<\/li>\n<li>Under this process, the Israeli government and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) agreed on a <strong>plan to implement a two-state solution<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>What is Hamas?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>About<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Hamas is the largest Palestinian militant Islamist group and one of the two major political parties in the region.<\/li>\n<li>Currently, it governs more than two million Palestinians in the Gaza Strip.<\/li>\n<li>The organisation, however, is also known for its armed resistance against Israel (more on this later).<\/li>\n<li>Hamas as a whole, or in some cases its military wing, is designated a terrorist group by Israel, the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom, and other countries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Background<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The group was founded in the late 1980s, after the beginning of the <strong>first Palestinian intifada<\/strong>, or uprising, against Israel\u2019s occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip.<\/li>\n<li>Hamas is essentially the internal metamorphosis of the Palestinian Muslim Brotherhood.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reasons for its creation<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The main reason for Hamas\u2019 creation was a deep sense of failure that had been set within the Palestinian national movement by the late 1980s.<\/li>\n<li>This primarily happened after the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) \u2014 involved in the armed struggle against Israel from the mid-1960s to \u2018liberate Palestine\u2019 \u2014 made two massive concessions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The PLO recognized Israel and its right to exist \u2014 thereby, relinquishing its goal of liberating Palestine.<\/li>\n<li>Two, it also dropped the armed struggle as a strategy, for the sake of a negotiated settlement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>o Hamas gained prominence after it opposed the Oslo Peace Accords signed in the early 1990s between Israel and the PLO.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Some of the worst flare-ups between Hamas and Israel<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The deadliest face-off between the two sides took place in 2014.<\/li>\n<li>At least 2,251 Palestinians, including 1,462 civilians, were killed during 50 days of fighting.<\/li>\n<li>On the Israeli side, 67 soldiers and six civilians were killed.<\/li>\n<li>In May 2021, hundreds of Palestinians were wounded in clashes with Israeli security forces at the <strong>Al Aqsa compound in Jerusalem<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>After demanding Israel withdraw security forces from the compound, Hamas launched a series of rockets from Gaza into Israel.<\/li>\n<li>Israel hit back with air strikes on Gaza. Fighting went on for 11 days.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>News Summary: Israel at war after Hamas surprise attack<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>How the Hamas attack on Israel unfolded?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Covering rocket barrage<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>o Hamas said it had fired 5,000 rockets in a first barrage. Israel\u2019s military said 2,500 rockets were fired.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Dawn infiltration<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>o The barrage served as cover for an unprecedented multi-pronged infiltration of fighters.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Fighting at Israeli military bases<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>o As per Israel\u2019s military, Palestinian fighters had penetrated at least three military installations around the frontier.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Border towns raid<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>o Fighters raided various Israeli border town and started attack on civilians.<\/p>\n<p>o Israel\u2019s Foreign Ministry said Hamas gunmen had gone house-to-house killing civilians.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Taking captives<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>o Israeli media has reported that gunmen have seized hostages in Ofakim.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Israeli Strikes<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>o Israel\u2019s military spokesperson said the Airforce started carrying out strikes in Gaza. Medics in Gaza said dozens of people were killed in the strikes.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Q1) Where is Al Aqsa mosque?<\/h2>\n<p>The golden domed Al Aqsa Mosque sits in the heart of Jerusalem&#8217;s walled city, on one of the most fought-over spaces of land in the world.<br \/>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>Q2) Where is Yom Kippur?<\/h2>\n<p>Yom Kippur is celebrated around the world by the majority of Jews. It&#8217;s a legal holiday in Israel. Yom Kippur is the holiest day of the Jewish calendar. It&#8217;s also known as the Day of Atonement. It takes place every fall, ten days after Rosh Hashanah.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/world\/how-hamas-attack-israel-unfolded-8972817\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><u>Indian Express<\/u><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/middleeast\/live-news\/al-aqsa-storm-militants-infiltrate-israel-after-gaza-rockets-10-07-intl-hnk\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\"><u>CNN<\/u><\/a><br \/>\n\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hamas is the largest Palestinian militant Islamist group and a major political party in the region.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":37687,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-37686","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37686","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37686"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37686\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37687"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37686"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37686"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37686"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}