{"id":38476,"date":"2023-12-05T10:32:29","date_gmt":"2023-12-05T05:02:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=38476"},"modified":"2025-04-23T11:24:21","modified_gmt":"2025-04-23T05:54:21","slug":"ncrb-report","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/ncrb-report\/","title":{"rendered":"NCRB 2022 report on crime in India"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Why in news?<\/li>\n<li>What is National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB)?<\/li>\n<li>News Summary: NCRB 2022 report on crime in India<\/li>\n<li>What does the 2022 NCRB report say?<\/li>\n<li>Limitations to the data compiled by NCRB<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Why in news?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) released its annual report on crime in India for the year 2022.<\/li>\n<li>The report is a compilation of data on reported crime from across the country, and provides the big picture of broad trends in crime registration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB)<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>About\n<ul>\n<li>NCRB is an Indian government agency (headquartered in New Delhi) established in 1986 and is part of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), Government of India.\n<ul>\n<li>It was set up based on the recommendation of the National Police Commission, 1977 and a Task force, 1985.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>It is responsible for collecting and analysing crime data (as defined by the Indian Penal Code (IPC) and Special and Local Laws).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Function\n<ul>\n<li>It also serves as a repository of such information to aid investigators in tracing crimes and criminals.<\/li>\n<li>It also acts as a <u>national warehouse for the fingerprint records of Indian and foreign criminals,<\/u> and assists in locating interstate criminals through fingerprint search.<\/li>\n<li>NCRB was entrusted with the responsibility for monitoring, coordinating and implementing the <u>Crime and Criminal Tracking Network &amp; Systems<\/u>(CCTNS) project in the year 2009.<\/li>\n<li>In 2017, NCRB launched the National Digital Police Portal.\n<ul>\n<li>The portal allows police officers to look for a criminal or suspect on the CCTNS database and gives citizens with services such as online complaint filing, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Reports published\n<ul>\n<li>Along with the Crime in India report (oldest and most prestigious publication brought out by NCRB), It also publishes &#8211; Prisons Statistics India Report.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Compilation of data for NCRB reports\n<ul>\n<li>Crime in India reports, information is obtained from the police forces of 36 states and Union Territories.<\/li>\n<li>Similar data are furnished for 53 cities with populations exceeding 10 lakh each as per the 2011 Census, by respective state-level crime records bureaus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>News Summary: NCRB 2022 report on crime in India<\/h2>\n<h2>What does the 2022 NCRB report say?<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com\/media\/editor_images\/2023\/12\/5\/14\/14\/15\/656ee2dfa6a39605ba0abd97_OI.PNG\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Decline in the registration of cases\n<ul>\n<li>In 2022, a total of 58,24,946 cognizable crimes comprising 35,61,379 Indian Penal Code (IPC) crimes and 22,63,567 Special &amp; Local Laws (SLL) crimes were registered.<\/li>\n<li>This was a <u>decline of 4.5% in the registration of cases over the second pandemic year, 2021<\/u>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The crime rate has declined\n<ul>\n<li>The crime rate, or crimes registered per lakh population, has declined from 445.9 in 2021 to 422.2 in 2022.\n<ul>\n<li>This is seen as a better indicator, since absolute numbers on crime increase as the population increases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Increase in crime against women\n<ul>\n<li>4,45,256 cases of crime against women were registered in 2022. This was an increase of 4% over the 2021 numbers.<\/li>\n<li>The largest share of crimes against women under IPC sections was registered under:\n<ul>\n<li>Cruelty by Husband or His Relatives (31.4%),<\/li>\n<li>Kidnapping &amp; Abduction of Women (19.2%), and<\/li>\n<li>Assault on Women with Intent to Outrage her Modesty (18.7%).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Reporting of cybercrime increased significantly\n<ul>\n<li>Reporting of cybercrime increased significantly by 24.4 percentage points compared to 2021, to 65,893 cases.<\/li>\n<li>Around 64.8% of registered cases were of fraud, followed by extortion (5.5%), and sexual exploitation (5.2%).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>An increase in suicides cases\n<ul>\n<li>An increase of 4.2% was observed in suicides reported during 2022 (1,70,924 suicides) as compared to 2021.<\/li>\n<li>Family Problems (other than marriage-related problems) (31.7%), Marriage Related Problems (4.8%) and Illness (18.4%) have together accounted for 54.9% of total suicides in the country during the year 2022.<\/li>\n<li>The overall <u>male-to-female ratio of suicide victims was 71.8 : 28.2<\/u>.<\/li>\n<li>Headline trends in state-wise data\n<ul>\n<li>The states\/ UTs reporting the <u>highest charge sheeting rate under IPC crimes<\/u> are Kerala (96.0%), Puducherry (91.3%), and West Bengal (90.6%).<\/li>\n<li>This is the percentage of cases in which the police reached the stage of framing charges against the accused, out of the total true cases (where a charge sheet was not laid but a final report submitted as true, plus the total cases charge sheeted).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Limitations to the data compiled by NCRB<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Data not reflective of actual occurrence of crime\n<ul>\n<li>The NCRB report underlines that the data record the incidence of registered crime, not the actual occurrence of crime.<\/li>\n<li>So, when reported crimes against women in Delhi rose significantly in the aftermath of the 2012 bus gangrape case, it may have been a reflection of increased awareness about the need for registering crimes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Limitations due to Principal Offence Rule\n<ul>\n<li>The NCRB follows what is known as the Principal Offence Rule.<\/li>\n<li>This means that among the many offences registered in a single FIR, <u>the crime that attracts the most severe punishment is considered as the counting unit<\/u>.<\/li>\n<li>Thus, \u2018Murder with Rape\u2019 would be counted as \u2018Murder\u2019, not rape \u2014 which <u>would result in an undercounting of the crime of rape<\/u>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Inefficiency at the local level may impact the accuracy of the report\n<ul>\n<li>Since the NCRB report is only a compilation of data submitted at the local level, inefficiencies or gaps in data at that level have an impact on the accuracy of the report.\n<ul>\n<li>E.g., the FIR would be recorded by a policeman or policewoman who visits the suicide spot.<\/li>\n<li>The reason that is recorded for the suicide would depend entirely on how the policeman or policewoman understands the situation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Socio-economic causative factors are not captured\n<ul>\n<li>The NCRB itself notes that the socio-economic causative factors or reasons of crimes are not being captured by the Bureau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Other factors affecting the data\n<ul>\n<li>Because of a range of reasons, including <u>the fear of an uncooperative or a hostile response from the police<\/u>, certain groups may not be willing to come forward and register cases.<\/li>\n<li>And a shortage of police officers or unfilled vacancies in the relevant posts at the local level may hinder the collection of data.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1)\u00a0What is Crime and Criminal Tracking Network &amp; Systems (CCTNS)?<\/h3>\n<p>\u00a0The Crime and Criminal Tracking Network &amp; Systems (CCTNS) is an Indian government project that aims to improve the efficiency of policing.<\/p>\n<h3>Q2) What is National Digital Police Portal?<\/h3>\n<p>The National Digital Police Portal (NDPP) is a web-based policing project of the Indian government. The portal was launched on August 21, 2017 by the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB). The NDPP is a smart policing initiative of the Ministry of Home Affairs.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/ncrb-2022-report-crime-india-limitations-9054144\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>How to read the NCRB 2022 report on crime in India<\/u><\/a><u> | <\/u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/crimes-against-women-children-scst-and-cyber-crimes-increased-in-2022-crime-in-india-report\/article67602315.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>The Hindu<\/u><\/a><u> | <\/u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/india-news\/crimes-against-women-children-rose-by-4-8-7-in-2022-ncrb-report-101701667979601.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Hindustan Times<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>NCRB is a government agency in India that collects and analyzes crime data.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":38477,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-38476","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38476","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38476"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38476\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38477"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}