{"id":38484,"date":"2023-12-06T09:08:11","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T03:38:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=38484"},"modified":"2025-04-23T11:29:09","modified_gmt":"2025-04-23T05:59:09","slug":"marapi-volcano-eruption","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/marapi-volcano-eruption\/","title":{"rendered":"Indonesia&#8217;s Marapi volcano eruption"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Why in news?<\/li>\n<li>What is Mount Marapi?<\/li>\n<li>What is a volcano?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Why in news?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The death toll from a volcanic eruption in Indonesia has gone up to 22, after rescuers found nine more bodies.\n<ul>\n<li>This eruption of Mt. Marapi was the deadliest since 1979, when an eruption killed 60 people.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Frequent volcanic eruptions in Marapi have hampered rescue efforts for days.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Mount Marapi<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Mount Merapi is a volcanic mountain peak located near the centre of the island of Java, Indonesia.\n<ul>\n<li>It is located on Sumatra, the westernmost and third largest of Indonesia&#8217;s 18,000 islands. It stands 2,891m high.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Mount Marapi, which means &#8220;Mountain of Fire&#8221;, is among the <u>most active of Indonesia&#8217;s 127 volcanoes<\/u> and is also popular among hikers.\n<ul>\n<li><u>The Indonesian archipelago sits on the so-called Pacific Ring of Fire<\/u>, where the meeting of continental plates causes high volcanic and seismic activity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com\/media\/editor_images\/2023\/12\/6\/13\/51\/8\/65702ef4a6a39625a0261361_OI.PNG\" alt=\"\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>What is a volcano?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>About\n<ul>\n<li>Volcanoes are openings, or vents where lava, tephra (small rocks), and steam erupt onto the Earth\u2019s surface.<\/li>\n<li>Volcanoes can be on land and in the ocean.<\/li>\n<li>They are, in part, a result of their own eruptions but also the general formation of our planet, as tectonic plates move.<\/li>\n<li>Mountain ranges like the Andes in South America and the Rockies in North America, as well as volcanoes, formed through the movement and collision of tectonic plates.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Types\n<ul>\n<li>There are four main types of volcanoes: <u>cinder cones, composite or stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes and lava domes<\/u>.<\/li>\n<li>Their type is determined by how the lava from an eruption flow and how that flow affects the volcano, and, as a result, how it affects its surrounding environment.<\/li>\n<li><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com\/media\/editor_images\/2023\/12\/6\/13\/51\/11\/65702ef7a6a39625a0261362_OI.PNG\" alt=\"\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Volcanoes can also be classified as:\n<ul>\n<li>Active: Have a recent history of eruptions<\/li>\n<li>Dormant: Have not erupted for a long time but may erupt in the future<\/li>\n<li>Extinct: Are not expected to erupt in the future<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Eruption\n<ul>\n<li>Essentially, it is a case of magma, or molten rock, below the surface of the Earth, bubbling up, rising and overflowing, like boiling milk out of a pot on a stove.<\/li>\n<li>The magma finds its way to vents in the volcano and gets spewed across the land and into the atmosphere.<\/li>\n<li>When magma erupts from a volcano, it is called lava.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1)\u00a0What is Pacific Ring of Fire?<\/h3>\n<p>The Pacific Ring of Fire, also known as the Circum-Pacific Belt, is a tectonic belt that surrounds the Pacific Ocean. It&#8217;s a horseshoe-shaped region that&#8217;s about 40,000 kilometers long and up to 500 kilometers wide.<\/p>\n<h3>Q2) What is dormant volcano?<\/h3>\n<p>A dormant volcano is a volcano that has not erupted recently but is expected to erupt again.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/indonesias-marapi-volcano-eruption-leaves-22-dead-one-still-missing\/article67607808.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Indonesia&#8217;s Marapi volcano eruption leaves 22 dead; one still missing<\/u><\/a><u> | <\/u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bgs.ac.uk\/discovering-geology\/earth-hazards\/volcanoes\/how-volcanoes-form\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>British Geological Survey<\/u><\/a><u> | <\/u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-67621787\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>BBC<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mount Merapi is a volcanic mountain peak located near the centre of the island of Java, Indonesia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":38485,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-38484","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38484","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38484"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38484\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38485"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38484"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38484"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38484"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}