{"id":39210,"date":"2024-01-21T12:14:48","date_gmt":"2024-01-21T06:44:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=39210"},"modified":"2025-04-24T02:48:34","modified_gmt":"2025-04-23T21:18:34","slug":"india-myanmar-border-fencing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/india-myanmar-border-fencing\/","title":{"rendered":"India-Myanmar border to be fenced soon"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Why in news?<\/li>\n<li>What is Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB)?<\/li>\n<li>What is Free Movement Regime (FMR)?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Why in news?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Union Home Minister announced that the Centre has decided to fence the entire length of the currently porous India-Myanmar.\n<ul>\n<li>India and Myanmar share a 1,643-km border along the Northeastern states of Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh, a porous border of which only 10 km is fenced in Manipur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>He also said that the Centre will consider ending its free movement regime (FMR) agreement with Myanmar.<\/li>\n<li>He made this announcement while speaking on the 60th Raising Day ceremony of Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB), in Tezpur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB)<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>About\n<ul>\n<li>Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) is one of the <u>seven Central Armed Police Forces<\/u> (CAPFs) that come under the MHA\u2019s administrative control.<\/li>\n<li>The other forces being:\n<ul>\n<li>Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF),<\/li>\n<li>Border Security Force (BSF),<\/li>\n<li>Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP),<\/li>\n<li>Central Industrial Security Force (CISF),<\/li>\n<li>Assam Rifles (AR), and<\/li>\n<li>National Security Guard (NSG)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>SSB is a border guarding force of India that is deployed along its borders with Nepal and Bhutan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Background\n<ul>\n<li>The SSB was established in 1963 as the Special Services Bureau, in the aftermath of the Chinese aggression in 1962.<\/li>\n<li>It came under the aegis of the Ministry of Home Affairs in January 2001.<\/li>\n<li>In June 2001, the SSB was declared a Lead Intelligence Agency for Indo Nepal and assigned the Indo Nepal border.<\/li>\n<li>Later, SSB was also assigned Indo Bhutan border (March 2004).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Main tasks\n<ul>\n<li>Guarding India&#8217;s international borders with Nepal and Bhutan<\/li>\n<li>Preventing cross-border crime and smuggling<\/li>\n<li>Dealing with other anti-national activities within the country and its territories<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Free Movement Regime (FMR)<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>About\n<ul>\n<li>FMR is a pact between India and Myanmar that allows tribes living along the border on either side to <u>travel up to 16 km inside the other country without a visa<\/u>.<\/li>\n<li>The FMR was implemented in 2018 as part of the government\u2019s Act East policy at a time when diplomatic relations between India and Myanmar were on the upswing.\n<ul>\n<li>In fact, the FMR was to be put in place in 2017 itself, but was deferred due to the Rohingya refugee crisis that erupted that August.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Rationale behind FMR\n<ul>\n<li>The boundary between India and Myanmar was demarcated by the British in 1826.<\/li>\n<li>This effectively divided people of the same ethnicity and culture into two nations without seeking their opinion.<\/li>\n<li>Hence, need was felt to enable ethnically similar communities living across the borders to move freely without the need of a visa.<\/li>\n<li>The FMR was supposed to provide impetus to local trade and business.\n<ul>\n<li>However, it has been criticized for unintentionally aiding illegal immigration, drug trafficking, and gun-running.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Current status\n<ul>\n<li>However, the agreement has been defunct since 2020, first because of the Covid pandemic.<\/li>\n<li>After the military coup in Myanmar in 2021 and the continued escalation of its refugee crisis, <u>India suspended the FMR in September 2022<\/u>.\n<ul>\n<li>After the military coup, there was an influx of undocumented migrants.<\/li>\n<li>Over 40,000 refugees took shelter in Mizoram, and around 4,000 refugees are said to have entered Manipur.<\/li>\n<li>The migrants belonging to the Kuki-Chin-Zo ethnic group share ethnic ties with communities in Mizoram and Manipur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1)\u00a0What are Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs)?<\/h3>\n<p>The Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) are paramilitary forces in India that are under the authority of the Ministry of Home Affairs. They were previously known as the Central Para-Military Forces (CPMF).<\/p>\n<h3>Q2) Which Indian states share boundary with yanmar?<\/h3>\n<p>India and Myanmar share a 1,643-km border along the Northeastern states of Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/will-protect-myanmar-border-like-that-of-bangladesh-amit-shah\/article67759383.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>India-Myanmar border to be fenced soon, says Home Minister Amit Shah<\/u><\/a><u> | <\/u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ssbrectt.gov.in\/about_ssb.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>SSB<\/u><\/a><u> | <\/u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mha.gov.in\/en\/about-us\/central-armed-police-forces\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>MHA<\/u><\/a><u> | <\/u><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/india\/india-border-with-myanmar-to-be-protected-like-bangladesh-amit-shah-9119018\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Indian Express<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SSB is a border guarding force of India that is deployed along its borders with Nepal and Bhutan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-39210","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","7":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39210","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39210"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39210\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39210"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}