{"id":39228,"date":"2024-01-22T06:33:33","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T01:03:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=39228"},"modified":"2025-04-24T03:00:14","modified_gmt":"2025-04-23T21:30:14","slug":"maoist-menace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/maoist-menace\/","title":{"rendered":"Three-year deadline to free Chhattisgarh from Maoist menace"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Why in news?<\/li>\n<li>What is Left Wing Extremism (LWE)?<\/li>\n<li>What are the reasons for the spread of LWE?<\/li>\n<li>Current LWE situation in India<\/li>\n<li>Why does Chhattisgarh continue to remain troubled?<\/li>\n<li>Response by Centre<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Why in news?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>At a review meeting of Chhattisgarh\u2019s Left-Wing Extremism (LWE) situation held in Raipur, Union Home Minister emphasised the need to free the affected pockets of the State within the next three years.<\/li>\n<li>The minister highlighted that the problem was confined only to certain pockets of Chhattisgarh.\n<ul>\n<li>In the past couple of months, the number of anti-Naxal operations have been on the rise in Bastar and other LWE-affected areas of the State.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Left Wing Extremism (LWE)<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Left-wing extremism is the single internal security threat that affects the largest number of States in India.<\/li>\n<li>LWE aims to <u>overthrow the existing democratic state structure with violence<\/u> as their primary weapon, and mass mobilization and strategic united fronts as complementary components.\n<ul>\n<li>They plan to usher in So-called \u2018<u>New Democratic Revolution\u2019<\/u> in India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Left-wing extremists are popularly known as Maoists worldwide and as Naxalites in India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Reasons for the spread of LWE<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Land Related Factors:\n<ul>\n<li>Encroachment and occupation of Government and Community lands (even the water-bodies) by powerful sections of society.<\/li>\n<li>Lack of title to public land cultivated by the landless poor.<\/li>\n<li>Poor implementation of laws prohibiting the transfer of tribal land to non-tribals in the Fifth Schedule areas.<\/li>\n<li>Non-regularisation of traditional land rights.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Displacement and Forced Evictions:\n<ul>\n<li>Eviction from lands traditionally used by tribals.<\/li>\n<li>Displacements caused by irrigation and power projects without adequate arrangements for rehabilitation.<\/li>\n<li>Large scale land acquisition for \u2018public purposes\u2019 without appropriate compensation or rehabilitation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Livelihood Related Causes:\n<ul>\n<li>Lack of food security \u2013 corruption in the Public Distribution System<\/li>\n<li>Disruption of traditional occupations and lack of alternative work opportunities.<\/li>\n<li>Deprivation of traditional rights in common property resources.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Social Exclusion:\n<ul>\n<li>Denial of dignity.<\/li>\n<li>Continued practice, in some areas, of untouchability in various forms.<\/li>\n<li>Poor implementation of special laws on prevention of atrocities, protection of civil rights and the abolition of bonded labour etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Governance Related Factors:\n<ul>\n<li>Corruption and inadequate provision\/non-provision of essential public services including primary health care and education.<\/li>\n<li>Misuse of powers by the police and violations of the norms of law.<\/li>\n<li>Perversion of electoral politics and unsatisfactory working of local government institutions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Current LWE situation in India<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Maoist violence came down\n<ul>\n<li>According to the Ministry of Home Affairs:\n<ul>\n<li>Maoist violence in the country has gone down by 77% since 2010;<\/li>\n<li>The number of resultant deaths (security forces + civilians) has come down by 90 % from the all-time high of 1,005 in 2010 to 98 in 2022.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Number of districts declared to be Naxal-affected\n<ul>\n<li>The government has cut the number of districts declared to be Naxal-affected from over 200 in the early 2000s to just 90 now.<\/li>\n<li>It claims that the geographical spread of violence is actually restricted to just 45 districts.\n<ul>\n<li>According to the MHA, the arc of violence has been considerably restricted with just 25 districts accounting for 90% of the LWE violence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The presence of Naxals is said to be minimal to zero in Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha, Jharkhand, and Bihar, which were at one time their strongholds.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Why does Chhattisgarh continue to remain troubled?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Late involvement of State Police in counter-Maoist operations\n<ul>\n<li>It is a widely accepted principle in counter-Maoist strategy that the war against Left Wing Extremism can only be won by the state police and not central forces.\n<ul>\n<li>This is because the state police have local knowledge and have local networks that are essential for the generation of intelligence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>It was through the active involvement of local police in the leading role that states such as Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Odisha and Jharkhand were able to end their Maoist problem.<\/li>\n<li><u>This process, security establishment sources say, started late in Chhattisgarh<\/u>.<\/li>\n<li>By this time, police of neighbouring states had pushed Maoists from their states to Chhattisgarh, making it a concentrated zone of Maoist influence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Absence of roads in the interiors of Bastar\n<ul>\n<li>The absence of roads in the interiors of Bastar has stymied the operations of security forces.<\/li>\n<li>Minimal presence of the administration in the interiors of South Bastar has ensured that Maoists continue to have influence in the region.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Response by Centre<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Different schemes to support LWE states\n<ul>\n<li>Security Related Expenditure (SRE) &#8211; focuses on equipping security forces to fight Maoists;<\/li>\n<li>The Special Infrastructure Scheme (SIS) &#8211; aims to strengthen local police and intelligence set ups;<\/li>\n<li>Special Central Assistance for building infrastructure such as roads in LWE districts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Massive presence of the CRPF\n<ul>\n<li>The Centre has maintained a massive presence of the CRPF in the affected states for almost two decades.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Erection of mobile towers\n<ul>\n<li>Centre is pushing for the erection of mobile towers in the interiors, which would help the local people connect with the mainstream, and also generate technical intelligence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Maoists sympathisers on the radar of Centre\n<ul>\n<li>The Centre has also unleashed the counter-terrorism National Investigation Agency (NIA) and the Enforcement Directorate on CPI(Maoist) cadres, leaders, and\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1)\u00a0What is Maoism?\u00a0<\/h3>\n<p>Maoism is a political and ideological doctrine that was developed by Chinese communist leader Mao Zedong. It is a form of Marxist-Leninist theory that emphasizes the importance of peasant-led revolutions and guerrilla warfare, and emphasizes the role of the masses in revolutionary struggles.<\/p>\n<h3>Q2) What is District Reserve Guard (DRG)?<\/h3>\n<p>The District Reserve Guard (DRG) is a specialized unit of the police force in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. It was established in 2008 to combat left-wing extremist (Maoist) violence in the state, which has been a longstanding problem in the region.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/other-states\/amit-shah-sets-three-year-deadline-to-free-chhattisgarh-from-maoist-menace\/article67763170.ece#:~:text=At%20a%20review%20meeting%20of,within%20the%20next%20three%20years.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Amit Shah sets three-year deadline to free Chhattisgarh from Maoist menace<\/u><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/india\/rid-chhattisgarh-of-maoists-in-3-years-amit-shah-to-security-agencies-9120929\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>| Indian Express<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>LWE aims to overthrow the existing democratic state structure with violence as their primary weapon.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":39229,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-39228","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39228","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39228"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39228\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39229"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39228"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39228"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39228"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}