{"id":39320,"date":"2024-01-28T10:47:39","date_gmt":"2024-01-28T05:17:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=39320"},"modified":"2025-04-24T08:26:10","modified_gmt":"2025-04-24T02:56:10","slug":"lithium-ion-vs-solid-state-batteries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/lithium-ion-vs-solid-state-batteries\/","title":{"rendered":"Lithium-Ion vs Solid-State Batteries"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Why in News?<\/li>\n<li>What is a Solid-State Battery?<\/li>\n<li>Lithium-Ion Battery vs Solid-State Battery<\/li>\n<li>Advantage of the Solid-State Batteries<\/li>\n<li>Toyota\u2019s Decision to Roll Out Next-Generation Solid-State Batteries<\/li>\n<li>Other Companies Making Progress on Alternatives to Li-Ion Batteries<\/li>\n<li>Issues with the Solid-State Batteries<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Why in News?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Japan\u2019s Toyota Motor Corp, a late entrant into the battery electric vehicle race, is aiming to roll out next-generation solid-state batteries over the next three years.<\/li>\n<li>This will mark a milestone in the global race to commercialise this breakthrough technology that promises to double vehicle range and drastically lower charging time.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>What is a Solid-State Battery?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>A solid-state battery is essentially battery technology that<strong> uses a solid electrolyte<\/strong> instead of liquid electrolytes which are instead behind lithium-ion technology.<\/li>\n<li>It is therefore important to take a step back and understand <strong>how lithium-ion batteries<\/strong> work in detail and their main differences compared with this new technology.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Lithium-Ion Battery vs Solid-State Battery:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image_resized\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/OuM6BOn99GEMJFDCE4ZDvYgTvbb_rRZ2NvnQTQeXc8aiUuU9N19c2uO5oyfk0lAAGNRsNDXO3JpyX-YHpMOFsoAHbudM-Q8BcZjqjaPmxKH9UkVHPyC4DtKavcGRKJBkpyA6RHLPAB8M5hv9MBm-0EE\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image_resized\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/kzQQDlKrqxVhY6vnfnIouvuxdwhBYVlbFJ1_LpMDyPr2T4NQFCgGl9q4yBb_deeJGzOTm5hjmHsxoanERWyklDdEVFmfkvGUMpwc4bRaI5iYN_JjQiYAs646gp-kONG-l7O1xC75pXFnnrIStkYzXLA\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Advantages of the Solid-State Batteries<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>An advantage of solid-state batteries is that the <strong>electrolyte is solid<\/strong>. This allows ions, which convey electricity, to move faster.<\/li>\n<li><strong>This enables shorter charging times<\/strong>, increased cruising ranges, and produces higher power output.<\/li>\n<li>Solid-state batteries are also characterised by being <strong>highly stable<\/strong> because they are resistant to changes in temperature and can robustly <strong>endure high temperatures and high voltages.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Toyota\u2019s Decision to Roll Out Next-Generation Solid-State Batteries<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Toyota, <strong>the world\u2019s largest carmaker by vehicles sold<\/strong>, had announced a breakthrough in solid state battery materials late last year and had said it plans to mass-produce solid-state batteries by 2027 or 2028.<\/li>\n<li>In the due course, the Japanese carmaker could potentially have two sets of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) on offer across markets, including India \u2013\n<ul>\n<li>Existing lithium-ion (li-ion) batteries and<\/li>\n<li>New and pricier solid-state batteries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Solid-state batteries are seen as a major improvement in battery tech<\/strong>, countering concerns such as &#8211;\n<ul>\n<li>Extended charging time and<\/li>\n<li>The risk of catching fire associated with traditional Li-ion batteries that have a liquid electrolyte.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>With its new solid-state batteries, Toyota expects its electric cars powered by them <strong>to have a range of 1,200km<\/strong> &#8211; well over twice that of the current range of EVs and <strong>a charging time of 10 minutes or less.<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>This is far lower<\/strong> than that two-four hours that it takes to fast charge an EV with Li-ion batteries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Other Companies Making Progress on Alternatives to Li-Ion Batteries<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Chinese<\/strong> battery maker CATL revealed in end-2023 that it was preparing to mass-produce its semi-solid batteries.<\/li>\n<li><strong>South Korea\u2019s<\/strong> Samsung SDI has completed a fully automated pilot line for solid-state batteries. <strong>Germany\u2019s<\/strong> Volkswagen was reported to have held talks with France\u2019s Blue Solutions, which already produces solid-state batteries for Daimler electric buses.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Japan\u2019s <\/strong>Toyota had announced a partnership with Tokyo-based petroleum company Idemitsu Kosan to jointly produce a solid-state battery material called sulphide solid electrolyte.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sulphide solid electrolytes<\/strong> are characterised by softness and adhesiveness to other materials, which is suitable for battery mass production.<\/li>\n<li>The collaboration is focussed on <strong>mass-production<\/strong> of new materials and <strong>establishing a supply chain<\/strong> for solid electrolytes, which hold the key to the <strong>commercialisation <\/strong>of solid-state batteries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Issues with the Solid-State Batteries<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>A longstanding technical issue<\/strong> in solid state battery development has been that repeatedly charging and discharging the battery <strong>causes cracks<\/strong> between the cathodes and anodes and the solid electrolytes. This degrades battery performance.<\/li>\n<li>Producing solid-state batteries in large volumes is <strong>costly<\/strong> and difficult.<\/li>\n<li>Other problems include &#8211;\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The extreme sensitivity<\/strong> of the batteries to moisture and oxygen, as well as<\/li>\n<li>The mechanical pressure needed to hold them together to prevent the formation of dendrites, the metal filaments that can cause short circuits.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q.1. What is the FAME India Scheme?<\/h3>\n<p>FAME stands for Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles in India. It is a government-backed scheme launched in 2015 to promote the adoption of electric vehicles in India.<\/p>\n<h3>Q.2. How big is India&#8217;s electric vehicle market size?<\/h3>\n<p>According to a report by Fortune Business Insights, the Indian electric vehicle market size is projected to grow from USD 3.21 billion in 2022 to USD 113.99 billion in 2029, growing at a compound annual growth rate of 66.52%.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/business\/companies\/toyota-fastcharges-its-solid-state-battery-plans-may-spawn-2-bev-ranges-9130753\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Toyota fastcharges its solidstate battery plans; may spawn 2 BEV ranges<\/u><\/a><u> | <\/u><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@anant3104\/solid-state-battery-vs-lithium-ion-battery-3b476d6576e6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Medium<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A solid-state battery is essentially battery technology that uses a solid electrolyte instead of liquid electrolytes which are instead behind lithium-ion technology.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":39321,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-39320","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39320","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39320"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39320\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39321"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39320"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39320"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39320"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}