{"id":39703,"date":"2024-02-19T12:35:49","date_gmt":"2024-02-19T07:05:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=39703"},"modified":"2025-04-24T18:36:58","modified_gmt":"2025-04-24T13:06:58","slug":"naughty-boy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/naughty-boy\/","title":{"rendered":"GSLV rocket nicknamed naughty boy"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0Why in news?<\/li>\n<li>What is Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV)?<\/li>\n<li>What is GSLV MKIII (now known as Launch Vehicle Mark-III, LVM3)?<\/li>\n<li>News Summary: GSLV rocket nicknamed naughty boy<\/li>\n<li>Why GSLV was known as naughty boy?<\/li>\n<li>What is the challenge associated with GSLV?<\/li>\n<li>Indigenous cryogenic technology<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Why in news?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Recently, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched a new-generation meteorological satellite, INSAT-3DS.\n<ul>\n<li>INSAT-3DS is meant to carry out enhanced monitoring of the Earth\u2019s surface, atmosphere, oceans and environment.<\/li>\n<li>It will boost India\u2019s weather and climate prediction services, early warnings, and disaster management services.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>But more than the satellite, it was the rocket that was the focus of attention of this launch.\n<ul>\n<li>The <u>INSAT-3DS satellite rode on the GSLV-F14 rocket<\/u> to reach its intended geostationary orbit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>GSLV has had a rather patchy track record thus far, because of which it has been described as the \u2018naughty boy\u2019.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV)<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>It is a space launch vehicle designed, developed and operated by the ISRO to launch satellites and other space objects into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbits (GTO).\n<ul>\n<li>A satellite in the GTO, orbits (at an altitude of ~37,000 km) the Earth once per day, keeping the satellite in roughly the same area over the ground.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>GSLV has the capability to put a heavier payload (up to 5,000 kg up to 37,000 km) in orbit than the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV can carry up to 2000 kg into space up to 600-900 km).\n<ul>\n<li>PSLV is designed mainly to deliver earth observation or remote sensing satellites, whereas <u>GSLV has been designed for launching communication satellites<\/u>.<\/li>\n<li>GSLV delivers satellites into a higher elliptical orbit &#8211; GTO.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>GSLV is a 3-stage launcher with strap-on motors.\n<ul>\n<li>The first stage &#8211; uses the solid rocket motor with four liquid engine strap-on motors. This stage generates maximum thrust.<\/li>\n<li>The second stage uses a liquid rocket engine which is known as <u>Vikas engine<\/u>.<\/li>\n<li>The third stage uses a Cryogenic engine, which uses liquefied oxygen and hydrogen as fuel.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>GSLV-D5 &#8211; launched in 2014 &#8211; was the first successful flight of the GSLV using the indigenous cryogenic engine (CE-7.5).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>GSLV MKIII (now known as Launch Vehicle Mark-III, LVM3)<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>GSLV MKIII Project was approved in 2002, with a mandate of achieving the capability to launch a 4-ton (4000 kg) class satellite to Geo-Synchronous orbit, by realizing an indigenously developed launch vehicle.<\/li>\n<li>GSLV MKIII is configured as <u>a 3-stage vehicle<\/u> with two solid strap-on motors (S200, among the largest in the world), one liquid core stage and a high thrust Cryogenic Upper Stage (CUS).<\/li>\n<li><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com\/media\/editor_images\/2024\/2\/19\/13\/40\/27\/65d30cf3be251005c6373c0a_OI.PNG\" alt=\"\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Characteristics of GSLV MKIII:\n<ul>\n<li>Performance capability of 4.3 ton to GTO<\/li>\n<li>Payload capability to support 10 ton to LEO missions<\/li>\n<li>Cost effective<\/li>\n<li>Improved reliability, operability and redundancy management<\/li>\n<li>Future growth potential of payload with minimal design changes<\/li>\n<li>To support manned missions (like Gaganyaan mission) of Indian Space Programme<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The maiden operational flight of GSLV MKIII has successfully launched Chandrayaan-2 spacecraft into the Super Geo-Synchronous Transfer Orbit in 2019.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>News Summary: GSLV rocket nicknamed naughty boy<\/h2>\n<h2>Why GSLV was known as naughty boy?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>GSLV had flown 15 times before the recent launch, and four of these had been unsuccessful, a very high failure rate for any rocket.\n<ul>\n<li>PSLV, the rocket that ISRO has used the maximum number of times, has failed only twice in its 60 launches.<\/li>\n<li>The LVM3 rocket has flown seven times and never failed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><u>GSLV\u2019s most recent failure was in August 2021<\/u>, when it was attempting to carry an earth observation satellite EOS-03 into space.<\/li>\n<li>It did have a successful launch after that, in May last year, but the uncertainty over its performance had not dissipated completely.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>What is the challenge associated with GSLV?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>The problems of GSLV have mainly been with the cryogenic engine that powers the third and final stage of the flight.\n<ul>\n<li>Cryogenics is the science relating to the behaviour of <u>materials at very low temperatures<\/u>.<\/li>\n<li>Cryogenic engines use liquid hydrogen as the main fuel.\n<ul>\n<li>Hydrogen, the most efficient rocket fuel, is very difficult to handle in its natural gaseous form, but manageable in liquid state.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>However, it liquifies only at very low temperatures, nearly 250 degrees Celsius below zero.<\/li>\n<li>The oxygen that is needed to burn this fuel also needs to be in liquid form. Oxygen is in liquid state at about 90 degrees Celsius below zero.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The GSLV <u>uses a cryogenic engine that is reverse-engineered<\/u> on a Russian design.<\/li>\n<li>It is this reverse-engineered engine, used in the GSLV rockets, that has caused a few headaches for ISRO.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Indigenous cryogenic technology<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>India has managed to develop its own cryogenic engine as well, a result of decades of research and development.<\/li>\n<li>This engine has an entirely Indian design, developed within ISRO, and uses a different process to burn the fuel.<\/li>\n<li>This indigenously developed cryogenic engine is deployed in Launch Vehicle Mark-III(LVM3).\n<ul>\n<li>LVM3 is ISRO\u2019s most powerful rocket so far, which carried the Chandrayaan-2 and Chandrayaan-3 missions, among others.<\/li>\n<li><u>LVM3 has had seven flights till now, without any trouble<\/u>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>ISRO scientists have a much better grip on this home-grown technology.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1)\u00a0What is geosynchronous transfer orbit (GTO)?<\/h3>\n<p>A geosynchronous transfer orbit (GTO) is a type of geocentric orbit that satellites use as a temporary step to reach their final orbit.<\/p>\n<h3>Q2) What is cryogenic engine?<\/h3>\n<p>A cryogenic engine is a rocket engine that uses liquefied gasses as fuel and oxidizers. The gasses are stored at very low temperatures, below -150 degrees Celsius.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-sci-tech\/gslv-rocket-naughty-boy-why-9166963\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>ISRO\u2019s latest launch: Why is the GSLV rocket nicknamed \u2018naughty boy\u2019?<\/u><\/a><u> | <\/u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.isro.gov.in\/lvm3.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>ISRO<\/u><\/a><u> | <\/u><a href=\"https:\/\/news.abplive.com\/science\/isro-naughty-boy-mark-ii-launch-vehicle-moniker-smarty-boy-natty-boy-obedient-boy-mature-boy-insat3ds-abpp-1665546#:~:text=Since%20GSLV%20did%20not%20have,%22naughty%20boy%22%20to%20GSLV.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>ABP Live<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>GSLV is a space launch vehicle designed, developed, and operated by the ISRO.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":39704,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-39703","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39703","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39703"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39703\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39704"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39703"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39703"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39703"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}