{"id":39798,"date":"2024-02-24T05:27:47","date_gmt":"2024-02-23T23:57:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=39798"},"modified":"2025-04-24T19:36:03","modified_gmt":"2025-04-24T14:06:03","slug":"russia-ukraine-war","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/russia-ukraine-war\/","title":{"rendered":"Two years of Russia \u2013 Ukraine War"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Why in news?<\/li>\n<li>Russia-Ukraine war<\/li>\n<li>What is the Background of Russia-Ukraine conflict?<\/li>\n<li>Why Russia invaded Ukraine?<\/li>\n<li>News Summary: Two years of Russia \u2013 Ukraine War<\/li>\n<li>Current status<\/li>\n<li>Impact of this war on modern warfare<\/li>\n<li>How has Russia\u2019s invasion of Ukraine reshaped the geopolitics of the world?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Why in news?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>On February 24, 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine. Two years later, an end to the biggest war in Europe since World War II is nowhere in sight.<\/li>\n<li><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/OWLvoLNo81S9r34MuoqO0a6qex0QpFWoA0KbsSDj1hA2coTvBQYSItIiW0zwTyW99Xi_GM5UD2osPQGtDElPdl3A6uJzY4XEcuhbhOYuNJYcJ5grG-qyfNzbA5kAYJEa2EssMrFZni8n9yEcI1M2wg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Image Caption: Ukraine War &#8211; Timeline<\/p>\n<h2>Russia-Ukraine war<\/h2>\n<h2>What is the Background of Russia-Ukraine conflict?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Tensions between Ukraine and Russia escalated in late 2013 over a landmark political and trade deal with the European Union.\n<ul>\n<li>After the pro-Russian then-President, Viktor Yanukovych, suspended the talks weeks of protests in Kyiv erupted into violence. Soon, the then pro-Russian President was ousted.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Russia responded by invading Crimea, which was a part of Ukraine, and annexing it in March 2014.\n<ul>\n<li>Russia invaded Crimea on the pretext that it was defending its interests and those of Russian-speaking citizens.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Shortly afterwards, pro-Russian separatists in Ukraine&#8217;s Donetsk and Luhansk regions declared their independence from Kyiv (capital of Ukraine).\n<ul>\n<li>They established their own autonomous state called Donetsk People&#8217;s Republic in 2014.<\/li>\n<li><u>Russia, in February 2022, recognised the independence of these two regions<\/u>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Kyiv and Moscow signed a peace deal in Minsk in 2015. It was brokered by France and Germany. But it could not bring peace in the region.<\/li>\n<li>Later, in February 2022, Russian President Vladimir Putin declared war on Ukraine in a televised address.\n<ul>\n<li>He said the military action announced by Russia will seek to demilitarize Ukraine and came in response to threats from Ukraine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Why Russia invaded Ukraine?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Russia wanted a guarantee Ukraine can never join NATO\n<ul>\n<li>Russia&#8217;s main demand was a commitment from NATO to end its further expansion into former Soviet republics \u2014 especially Ukraine.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Russia wants NATO arms out of Eastern Europe\n<ul>\n<li>Russia wants NATO to stop deploying its weapons and forces in countries in Central and Eastern Europe that joined the alliance after 1997.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Russia wants a ban on NATO missiles within striking distance\n<ul>\n<li>Russia has nervously watched as NATO has demonstrated it can deepen its involvement in Ukraine \u2014 providing weapons and training.<\/li>\n<li>NATO missiles on Ukrainian soil might pose serious threat to Russia\u2019s security.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Russia wants autonomy for eastern Ukraine\n<ul>\n<li>Russia says Ukraine must meet its obligations under 2015 agreements.\n<ul>\n<li>The peace deal, known as the Minsk agreements, was signed to end the fighting between Ukraine&#8217;s army and pro-Russian separatists in eastern Ukraine.<\/li>\n<li>The Minsk agreements also provided additional autonomy to the separatist Russian-speaking territories in the Donbas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>News Summary: Two years of Russia \u2013 Ukraine War<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Russia\u2019s war against Ukraine is exactly two-year-old today (on Feb 24). Calculations on both sides that this would be a short, swift war have proved wrong.<\/li>\n<li>The fighting has displaced millions of Ukrainians,\u00a0<u>altered the geopolitical landscape of Europe, and hit economies around the world by disrupting supply chains<\/u>, adding to inflation, and triggering great economic uncertainty.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Current status<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-us.googleusercontent.com\/mN6Hx1mK2Z3wklqIxQ3dg3SxzlPxAs1Sm4SQAFXBmiTw1hwcgwz6qv-D2k-w9OZ0EH27YRzH2DEEDaQbCiR6fc6H4T8vuEYP1idDX7WBpRO6cV4hk6SvSWEQRw3WIqp2mDHWivnmMToMosZ63HGsLg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Image Caption: Two Years of War in Ukraine<\/p>\n<h2>Impact of this war on modern warfare<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Go small\n<ul>\n<li>Instead of tanks and planes, nimble drones have emerged as the conflict\u2019s weapon of choice.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>They overwhelm hulking tanks, kill troops and have allowed both sides to wreak havoc behind enemy lines.<\/li>\n<li>Unmanned crafts give commanders on both sides an aerial view of the battlefield, allowing them to monitor the enemy\u2019s movements in real time.<\/li>\n<li>Ukraine\u2019s use of\u00a0inexpensive uninhabited maritime vehicles (UMVs) to target Russia\u2019s Black Sea Fleet has popularized remote-controlled weaponry by sea.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>And the primacy of\u00a0<u>drones has set off another kind of competition: the race to disable them through signal jamming<\/u>.<\/li>\n<li>According to some estimates, the global drone market is expected to reach $260 billion by 2030, growing almost tenfold from the year before Russia\u2019s full-scale invasion.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Pick a side\n<ul>\n<li>The war in Ukraine has forged a more bipolar world.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>It sent Sweden and Finland running into NATO\u2019s embrace after they had for so long resisted joining the alliance out of fear of antagonizing Russia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Sanctions are not a silver bullet\n<ul>\n<li>Group of Seven nations have imposed an impressive array of sanctions on Russia over the past two years.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>They blocked much of Moscow\u2019s access to the international financial system, immobilized its central bank reserves and froze the assets of hundreds of individuals and entities.<\/li>\n<li>But far from imposing the massive and severe consequences, they have neither deterred Russia\u2019s war nor led to the collapse of its economy.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>That is partly because of the country\u2019s ability to circumvent restrictions \u2014 or mitigate their effects.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Supply-chain independence is paramount\n<ul>\n<li>The war has exposed the critical importance of domestic supply chains.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>The war has shown how important it is for countries to have their own supply chains at home.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>When Ukraine needs more military supplies, it has to talk with its friends for help.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>But when Russia needs them, it can usually make more at its own factories that it runs, and it pays for them using its currency, the ruble.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>How has Russia\u2019s invasion of Ukraine reshaped the geopolitics of the world?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>European countries started to focus on its security and defence\n<ul>\n<li>The alarm over the invasion brought European focus on its security and defence.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>In this respect, the German turnaround from its post-World War pacifism was the most significant.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Re-energised the Europe-US security alliance\n<ul>\n<li>NATO has opened its door to the proposed inclusion of Sweden and Finland.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Europe at the centre of new arms race between Russia and the US\n<ul>\n<li>Russia suspended its participation in the New START Treaty, negotiated with the US in 2011 to cap their nuclear weapons.<\/li>\n<li>The trust deficit between Russia and the West is at an-all time high. The US-led alliance is pouring weapons into Ukraine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Development of stronger Russia- China axis<\/li>\n<li>Concerns of developing nations\n<ul>\n<li>The war has disrupted the supply chain and the prices of energy, fertilisers and other essential commodities have increased.<\/li>\n<li>As a result, various developing countries have started to feel the heat of this war.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1)\u00a0Where is Crimea?<\/h3>\n<p>Crimea is a peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, that has been occupied by Russia since 2014.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3>Q2) What is NATO?<\/h3>\n<p>Formed in 1949 with the signing of the Washington Treaty, NATO is a security alliance of 30 countries from North America and Europe. NATO&#8217;s purpose is to guarantee the freedom and security of its members through political and military means.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/world\/us\/two-years-of-war-in-ukraine-has-changed-the-way-militaries-think\/articleshow\/107934045.cms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Two years of war in Ukraine has changed the way militaries think<\/u><\/a><u> | <\/u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2024\/2\/23\/two-years-after-putin-ordered-a-war-on-ukraine-whats-changed-in-russia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Aljazeera<\/u><\/a><u> | <\/u><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-global\/an-expert-explains-russia-ukraine-war-two-years-on-9177793\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Indian Express<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This article analyses the current status of the war between Russia and Ukraine on the completion of one year.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":39799,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-39798","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39798","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39798"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39798\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39799"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39798"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39798"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39798"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}