{"id":3998,"date":"2023-01-27T08:01:03","date_gmt":"2023-01-27T02:31:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=3998"},"modified":"2025-03-26T21:01:13","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T15:31:13","slug":"what-is-immune-imprinting","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/what-is-immune-imprinting\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Immune Imprinting?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>Why in news?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Two papers, published in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), pointed out those bivalent boosters \u2014 made to counter both the Omicron strains and the original Covid-19 strain \u2014 don\u2019t generate significantly greater antibody responses than an additional dose of the original mRNA vaccines.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>What is immune imprinting?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>The phenomenon was first observed in 1947 when scientists noted that in flu patients and termed it an \u2018<strong>original antigenic sin\u2019<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Immune imprinting is a tendency of the body to <strong>repeat its immune response<\/strong> based on the first variant it encountered \u2014 through infection or vaccination \u2014 when it comes across a newer or slightly different variant of the same pathogen.<\/li>\n<li>Imprinting acts as a <strong>database for the immune system<\/strong>, helping it put up a better response to repeat infections.<\/li>\n<li>After the body is exposed to a virus for the first time, it produces <strong>memory B cells<\/strong> that circulate in the bloodstream and quickly produce antibodies whenever the same strain of the virus infects again.<\/li>\n<li>The problem occurs when a similar, not identical, variant of the virus is encountered by the body.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>In such cases, the immune system, rather than generating new B cells, activates memory B cells, which <strong>produce cross-reactive antibodies<\/strong> that bind to features found in both the old and new strains.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li>These cross-reactive antibodies offer some protection but are not as effective as the ones produced by B cells when the body first encountered the original virus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q1) What are Lymphocytes?<\/h3>\n<p>Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell. They help your body\u2019s immune system fight cancer and foreign viruses and bacteria. Your lymphocyte count can be taken during a normal blood test at your healthcare provider\u2019s office. Lymphocyte levels vary depending on your age, race, sex, altitude and lifestyle.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-health\/immune-imprinting-boosters-effective-explained-8397721\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><u>Studies find \u2018immune imprinting\u2019 might be making bivalent boosters less effective: What is it and how does it work?<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Immune imprinting is a tendency of body to repeat its immune response based on the first variant it encountered.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":3999,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-3998","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3998","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3998"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3998\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3999"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3998"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3998"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3998"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}