{"id":41298,"date":"2025-10-27T12:13:51","date_gmt":"2025-10-27T06:43:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=41298"},"modified":"2025-10-28T15:20:19","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T09:50:19","slug":"jandks-enemy-agents-ordinance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/jandks-enemy-agents-ordinance\/","title":{"rendered":"What is J&#038;K\u2019s Enemy Agents Ordinance"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Why in News?<\/li>\n<li>What is the Background of the J&amp;K Enemy Agents Ordinance?<\/li>\n<li>What are the Salient Provisions of the J&amp;K Enemy Agents Ordinance?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Why in News?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>According to the J&amp;K Director General of Police (DGP), investigating agencies should prosecute anyone discovered aiding militants in J&amp;K under the Enemy Agents Ordinance 2005.<\/li>\n<li>The Enemy Agents Ordinance 2005 is more stringent than the <a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/uapa\/\" target=\"_blank\">Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA)<\/a> and has the punishment of either a life term or a death sentence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>What is the Background of the J&amp;K Enemy Agents Ordinance?<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>It was first issued in <strong>1917 <\/strong>by the then Dogra Maharaja of J&amp;K and is referred to as an \u2018ordinance\u2019 <strong>since laws made during the Dogra rule were called ordinances<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>After Partition in 1947<\/strong>, the ordinance was incorporated as a law in the erstwhile state and was also amended.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Enemy Agents Ordinance 2005 <\/strong>(1948) was promulgated under Section 5 of the Jammu and Kashmir Constitution Act 1996.<\/li>\n<li><strong>In 2019<\/strong>, when Article 370 of the Constitution was repealed, J&amp;K\u2019s legal framework also underwent several changes.\n<ul>\n<li>The J&amp;K Reorganisation Act listed out state laws that were to continue while several others were repealed and replaced with Indian laws.<\/li>\n<li><strong>For example,<\/strong> while the security laws such as Enemy Agents Ordinance and Public Safety Act remained, the Ranbir Penal Code was replaced with the Indian Penal Code.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>What are the Salient Provisions of the J&amp;K Enemy Agents Ordinance?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Who is an \u201cenemy\u201d agent? <\/strong>Anyone who conspires with another person to carry out an act intended to aid the enemy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Punishment: <\/strong>Enemy agents shall be punished with death or rigorous imprisonment for life or with rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to 10 years and shall also be liable to fine.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trials under the ordinance:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Trials under the ordinance are conducted by a special judge who is appointed by the government in consultation with the High Court.<\/li>\n<li>Under the ordinance, <strong>the accused cannot engage a lawyer to defend herself unless permitted by the court.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Appeal against the verdict:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>There is no provision for appeal against the verdict<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>The decision of the special judge<strong> can only be reviewed<\/strong> by a person chosen (by the Govt) from the judges of the HC and the decision of that person shall be final.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bar on ordinance:<\/strong> The ordinance also <strong>bars <\/strong>(without the previous authorisation of the Government)<strong> any disclosure or publication <\/strong>of the case tried under it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Has this ordinance resulted in any trials? <\/strong>There are several Kashmiris who are or have been tried and sentenced under the Enemy Agents Ordinance.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Q.1. What is the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA)?<\/h3>\n<p>The UAPA is the &#8220;Anti-terror law&#8221; of India. The 2019 amendment of the UAPA has made it possible for the Union Government to designate individuals as terrorists without following any formal judicial process.<\/p>\n<h3>Q.2. What is the J&amp;K Reorganisation Act 2019?<\/h3>\n<p>The J&amp;K Reorganisation Act 2019 enacted by the Indian parliament reconstitutes the Indian-administered state of Jammu and Kashmir into two Indian-administered union territories called Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/india\/those-helping-terrorists-should-be-tried-under-enemy-agents-law-jk-dgp-9410764\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Those helping terrorists should be tried under Enemy Agents law: J&amp;K DGP<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/what-is-enemy-agents-ordinance-tough-law-applicable-in-jk-9412703\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">IE<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Enemy Agents Ordinance 2005 of J&#038;K is more stringent than the UAPA and has the punishment of either a life term or a death sentence<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":41299,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-41298","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41298","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41298"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41298\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/41299"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41298"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41298"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}