{"id":41855,"date":"2024-08-06T06:31:58","date_gmt":"2024-08-06T01:01:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=41855"},"modified":"2025-10-11T11:17:25","modified_gmt":"2025-10-11T05:47:25","slug":"india-bangladesh-bilateral-relationship","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/india-bangladesh-bilateral-relationship\/","title":{"rendered":"India \u2013 Bangladesh Bilateral Relationship"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Why in the News?<\/li>\n<li>Brief Political History of Bangladesh<\/li>\n<li>India \u2013 Bangladesh Bilateral Relationship<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Why in the News?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>India\u2019s relationship with Bangladesh may have entered a phase of uncertainty after Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina resigned following weeks of violent demonstrations.<\/li>\n<li>The Army chief has declared that an interim government will now run the country.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Brief Political History of Bangladesh<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>After the formation of Bangladesh in 1971, Awami League\u2019s Sheikh Mujibur Rahman became the first Prime Minister of the country.<\/li>\n<li>However, in 1975, he was assassinated during a coup.<\/li>\n<li><strong>1975-1990:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The Bangladeshi military played a significant role, starting with Chief Justice Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem&#8217;s appointment as president in 1975, followed by a military junta.<\/li>\n<li>Gen Ziaur Rahman became president in 1977 but was assassinated in 1981.<\/li>\n<li>His successor, Abdus Sattar, was ousted in a 1982 coup led by Army Chief H M Ershad, who later resigned in 1990 due to mass unrest.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Civilian Governments:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina (daughter of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman) served non-consecutive terms, with an attempted coup in 1996.<\/li>\n<li>Khaleda&#8217;s term ended in unrest in 2006, leading to a military-influenced caretaker government until 2008.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Post-2008 Stability:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>After regaining power in 2008, Hasina ensured the army returned to barracks.<\/li>\n<li>In 2010, the Supreme Court limited military interventions and reinforced secular principles in the constitution.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>India \u2013 Bangladesh Bilateral Relationship<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>India and Bangladesh share bonds of history, language, culture, and multitude of other commonalities.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Historical Ties:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>India&#8217;s relationship with Bangladesh dates back to the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War when India provided crucial military and material assistance to help Bangladesh gain independence from Pakistan.<\/li>\n<li>However, the relationship deteriorated in the mid-1970s due to boundary disputes, insurgency, and water-sharing issues, especially after military regimes took control in Bangladesh.<\/li>\n<li>Stability in bilateral relations was restored when Sheikh Hasina became Prime Minister in 1996, leading to the signing of the <strong>Ganga Water Sharing Treaty<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Since then, India and Bangladesh have strengthened their cooperation in various sectors, including trade, energy, infrastructure, connectivity, and defense.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Economic and Commercial Ties:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Bangladesh is India\u2019s 25th largest trading partner, with the size of the bilateral trade at $12.9 billion.<\/li>\n<li>The trade is dominated by exports, with Bangladesh being India\u2019s eighth largest export partner.<\/li>\n<li>In FY24, <strong>India&#8217;s exports to Bangladesh contracted 9.5 per cent to $11 billion<\/strong>.\u00a0\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Bangladesh is also a key destination for Indian auto exports<\/strong>, alongside African and Latin American countries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>In 2022, both countries completed a joint feasibility study on a <a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/comprehensive-economic-partnership-agreement-cepa\/\" target=\"_blank\">Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>This agreement is crucial as Bangladesh will lose its Least Developed Country (LDC) status after 2026, which will impact its duty-free and quota-free access to Indian markets.<\/li>\n<li>Consequently, <strong>Bangladesh aims to finalize a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with India<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Power and Energy:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Bangladesh imports 1160 MW of power from India<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Projects like the <strong>Maitree Super Thermal Power Plant<\/strong> and <strong>India-Bangladesh Friendship Pipeline<\/strong> are key initiatives.<\/li>\n<li>India supports Bangladesh&#8217;s energy sector through various partnerships.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Development Partnership:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>India has extended four Lines of Credit to Bangladesh amounting to USD 8 billion for infrastructure development.<\/li>\n<li>High Impact Community Development Projects (HICDPs) are a significant part of India\u2019s assistance, focusing on human resource development and capacity building.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cultural Cooperation:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Cultural exchanges are facilitated through the <strong>Indira Gandhi Cultural Centre and Indian Cultural Centre in Dhaka<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Programs in arts, dance, and language promote people-to-people contacts.<\/li>\n<li>The Bangladesh Youth Delegation program attracts young talent to visit India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Q1. How many countries are part of the BIMSTEC?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>7 countries are members of Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC). The member countries are India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Nepal, Sri Lanka.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q2. What is the Indian Ocean Rim Association?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) is an intergovernmental organisation established to promote economic cooperation and regional integration among countries bordering the Indian Ocean.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-global\/explained-the-50-year-old-relationship-between-india-and-sheikh-hasina-9497123\/#:~:text=to%20the%20country.-,India%20was%20one%20of%20the%20beneficiaries%20of%20her%20return%2C%20and,in%20the%20liberation%20of%20Bangladesh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Explained: The 50-year-old relationship between India and Sheikh Hasina<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bangladesh\u2019s Army chief has declared that an interim government will now run the country.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-41855","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","7":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41855","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41855"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41855\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41855"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41855"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41855"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}