{"id":43341,"date":"2024-11-09T03:33:24","date_gmt":"2024-11-08T22:03:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=43341"},"modified":"2025-05-06T01:46:30","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T20:16:30","slug":"nscn-i-m-seeks-third-party-intervention-in-naga-conflict-threatens-armed-resistance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/nscn-i-m-seeks-third-party-intervention-in-naga-conflict-threatens-armed-resistance\/","title":{"rendered":"NSCN (I-M) Seeks Third-Party Intervention in Naga Conflict, Threatens Armed Resistance"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>What\u2019s in today\u2019s article?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Why in News?<\/li>\n<li>Naga Insurgency<\/li>\n<li>Naga Peace Accord<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Why in News?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The Isak-Muivah faction of the National Socialist Council of Nagalim (NSCN I-M) has requested third-party intervention to resolve the longstanding Naga political issue with the Indian government.<\/p>\n<p>Accusing the Centre of betraying the 2015 Framework Agreement, NSCN (I-M) warns it may resume armed resistance if this proposal is denied.<\/p>\n<p>The group asserts that the Centre reneged on commitments to recognize a separate Naga flag and constitution, essential for honoring the Naga people\u2019s unique history and &#8220;shared sovereignty.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Naga Insurgency<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Background<\/strong>:\n<ul>\n<li>The British annexed Assam in 1826, and in 1881, the Naga Hills too became part of British India.<\/li>\n<li>The Naga National Council (NNC) was formed in April 1946 to carry out social and political upliftment of the Nagas.<\/li>\n<li>After the return of the radical leader of Naga cause, Angami Zapu Phizo<strong>,<\/strong> from Burma in 1947, the faction of NNC demanding full impendence grew strong.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Shillong Accord and the split of NNC<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The Shillong Accord was signed in 1975 by Government of India with a section of the NNC leaders.<\/li>\n<li>As part of the accord, the leaders agreed to abjure violence and work towards the solution of the Naga problem within the framework of the Indian Constitution.<\/li>\n<li>It was opposed by Phizo, Isak Swu and Muivah. Later, Isak Swu and Muivah formed the &#8220;National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN)&#8221; in January 1980.<\/li>\n<li>Later, NSCN split into two factions, namely NCSN (I-M) led by Isak &amp; Muivah and NCSN (K) led by Khaplang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Demand for Greater Nagaland<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The Nagas under NSCN (I-M) had various views for a new Nagaland.<\/li>\n<li>One was an independent nation of Nagaland comprising the present Nagaland, the Naga inhabited areas of Manipur and Myanmar.<\/li>\n<li>Another one was to integrate the Naga inhabited districts of Manipur with the state of Nagaland under the Indian Constitution.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Naga Peace Accord<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Background<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Since 1997, NSCN (I-M) has been involved in negotiations with the Government of India and signed many ceasefire agreements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>2015 Framework Agreement<\/strong> (FA)\n<ul>\n<li>On August 3, 2015, the Centre signed a framework agreement with the NSCN (I-M) to resolve the Naga issue.<\/li>\n<li>Both sides-maintained secrecy about its contents. Hence, the details of the agreements are not entirely clear. However, broad points included:<\/li>\n<li>The government could go for devolution of more powers to Nagaland under provisions of Article 371 (A) of the Constitution of India.<\/li>\n<li>The army of NSCN-IM will be absorbed in a new force to be raised on the lines of Home Guards.<\/li>\n<li>It would involve more autonomy to Naga tribes living in Manipur.<\/li>\n<li>The agreement, however, does not include physical integration of all Naga areas in terms of a boundary.<\/li>\n<li>The agreement was only a framework, with many details still to be hammered out.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Issues with Framework agreement<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The issue of sovereignty<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The Framework agreement contains some clauses on \u2018sharing sovereign power\u2019 which is being interpreted differently by both sides.<\/li>\n<li>The NSCN now argues that according to the agreement, its sovereignty has to be retained.<\/li>\n<li>Any final agreement should be for peaceful coexistence of the two sovereign powers. This is not accepted by the Government.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Poor draft of the framework agreement<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The wordings of the FA are vague, leaving for both sides to interpret the deal according to their own convenience.<\/li>\n<li>E.g., FA at one point says, \u201cInclusive peaceful co-existence of the two entities sharing sovereign power\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Issue of separate flag and constitution<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>NSCN(IM) contends that the idea of \u201csharing sovereign power\u201d and \u201cco-existence of the two entities\u201d means:<\/li>\n<li>Naga people will be entitled to their own national flag and constitution.<\/li>\n<li>The FA was signed in 2015, when special status of Jammu and Kashmir existed.<\/li>\n<li>However, the situation changed after scrapping of Article 370 and hence Centre cannot agree to such a demand.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Smaller groups such as Naga National Political Group (NNPGs) got strengthened<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Another obstacle in the talks was that smaller groups such as NNPGs got strengthened during the tenure of previous interlocutor N Ravi.<\/li>\n<li>He used the strategy of dividing the groups by giving more prominence to the smaller groups.<\/li>\n<li>This annoyed the larger groups such as NSCN(IM) and they stayed away from the talks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Release of the copy of the sensitive Framework Agreement<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>In August 2020, NSCN-IM released a copy of the sensitive Framework Agreement. This reduced the trust between the negotiating parties.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trust deficit between the then Governor of Nagaland and NSCN<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The group accused the then Nagaland Governor N Ravi, an interlocutor, of deleting a keyword.\n<ul>\n<li>In November 2017, Ravi signed an agreement with seven groups who had come together under the banner of the NNPGs.<\/li>\n<li>This did not include the NSCN (IM), which considers itself the principal representative of Naga aspirations.<\/li>\n<li>As a result, NSCN (IM) accused Ravi of attempting to \u201csegregate the Naga civil society\u201d.<\/li>\n<li>Later, R N Ravi resigned as interlocutor for the Naga peace talks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Q.1. What is the NSCN (I-M)\u2019s primary demand from the Indian government?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The NSCN (I-M) seeks recognition of a separate Naga flag and constitution as part of the 2015 Framework Agreement. They argue this is essential to honor Naga sovereignty and avoid further armed conflict.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q.2. Why does NSCN (I-M) propose third-party mediation?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>NSCN (I-M) proposes foreign mediation to resolve the deadlock, believing it can ensure the Framework Agreement is honored. Without this, they warn of resuming armed resistance against India.<\/p>\n<p><strong>News<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/nagaland\/nscn-i-m-seeks-third-party-intervention-to-break-talks-deadlock\/article68845386.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">NSCN (I-M) seeks third-party intervention to break talks deadlock<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/india\/ignominious-betrayal-27-yrs-after-ceasefire-nscn-im-threatens-to-resume-armed-resistance-9660692\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Indian Express<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/naga-peace-talks-nagaland-insurgent-group-7533021\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Indian Express<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The NSCN (I-M) demands third-party intervention in its long-standing conflict with India over Naga sovereignty. The group warns of renewed armed resistance if the 2015 Framework Agreement&#8217;s terms are not honored, emphasizing the need for a separate Naga flag and constitution.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":43342,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-43341","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43341","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43341"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43341\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/43342"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43341"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}