{"id":53904,"date":"2025-07-08T12:00:23","date_gmt":"2025-07-08T06:30:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=53904"},"modified":"2025-07-11T10:27:59","modified_gmt":"2025-07-11T04:57:59","slug":"brics-summit-2025-advancing-global-south-cooperation-for-inclusive-and-sustainable-governance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/brics-summit-2025-advancing-global-south-cooperation-for-inclusive-and-sustainable-governance\/","title":{"rendered":"BRICS Summit 2025 &#8211; Advancing Global South Cooperation for Inclusive and Sustainable Governance"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">BRICS Summit 2025 Latest News<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>17th <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/brics\/\" target=\"_blank\"><b>BRICS<\/b><\/a><b> Summit<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on 6\u20137 July 2025, under the <\/span><b>theme <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;Strengthening Global South Cooperation for a More Inclusive and Sustainable Governance&#8221;.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This Summit, which concluded with the \u2018<\/span><b>Rio de Janeiro Declaration<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2019, marks <\/span><b>a strategic shift towards inclusivity, expansion, and stronger South-South cooperation.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Key Highlights of the BRICS Summit 2025<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Reaffirmation of BRICS spirit and strategic vision:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Emphasized mutual respect, sovereign equality, democracy, and inclusiveness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strengthened cooperation under <\/span><b>three pillars:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Political and security<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Economic and financial<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cultural and people-to-people cooperation<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reiterated commitment to peace, inclusive development, and <\/span><b>reform of global governance institutions.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Expansion of BRICS membership and partnerships:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Indonesia <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">formally joins as a full BRICS member.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>11 new BRICS partner countries welcomed <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Belarus, Bolivia, Kazakhstan, Cuba, Nigeria, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Uganda, Uzbekistan.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Expansion reflects an <\/span><b>evolving multipolar world<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> order and <\/span><b>Global South solidarity<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Key declarations:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Initiatives launched:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">BRICS Leaders\u2019 Framework Declaration on Climate Finance<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Statement on Global Governance of Artificial Intelligence (AI)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Launch of BRICS Partnership for the Elimination of Socially Determined Diseases<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These highlight <\/span><b>BRICS\u2019 commitment to inclusive innovation, climate action, and equitable health systems.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strategic Focus Areas and Commitments<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Strengthening multilateralism and reforming global governance:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The \u2018<\/span><b>Rio de Janeiro Declaration<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2019 called for equitable, effective, and accountable multilateralism.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Supported the UN Summit of the Future&#8217;s &#8220;<\/span><b>Pact for the Future<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;, including:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Global Digital Compact<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Declaration on Future Generations<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Emphasis on consultation, shared responsibility, and equitable representation in international institutions.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Promoting peace, security, and stability:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Expressed concern over global military spending surge and regional conflicts.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Rejected linking climate change with security narratives.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Advocated <\/span><b>development-centric multilateral solutions <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">for poverty, hunger, and environmental crises.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Economic, trade, and financial cooperation:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reviewed implementation of Strategy for BRICS Economic Partnership 2025.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Welcomed upcoming <\/span><b>Strategy for BRICS Economic Partnership 2030<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, focusing on:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Digital economy, trade and investment,<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Financial cooperation, and<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sustainable development.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pledged to uphold a transparent and inclusive multilateral trading system.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Climate change and sustainability commitments:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Strong support for Paris Agreement and UNFCCC principles, especially:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Common but Differentiated Responsibilities (<\/span><b>CBDR<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">National circumstances of developing countries<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Full backing for<\/span><b> COP-30 in Brazil<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Belem) and India\u2019s bid to host<\/span><b> COP-33<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (2028).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Called for scaled-up efforts and finance for climate adaptation and mitigation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Social, human, and cultural development:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Emphasized inclusive development<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, particularly: youth empowerment, women\u2019s rights, disability inclusion, urbanization, and migration management.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Recognized demographic changes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as both a challenge and opportunity for development.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India at BRICS Summit 2025<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>India\u2019s leadership vision &#8211; BRICS in a \u201cNew Form\u201d:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the 17th BRICS Summit, the Indian PM announced <\/span><b>India\u2019s upcoming BRICS presidency for 2026<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, outlining a transformative vision and proposing a new interpretation of BRICS &#8211;\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Building<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Resilience and<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Innovation for<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cooperation and<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sustainability<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Echoed India\u2019s G20 Presidency theme of \u201c<\/span><b>People-centricity and Humanity First<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d, placing Global South concerns at the core.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>India\u2019s strategic gains from BRICS 2025:\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the 17th BRICS Summit, <\/span><b>India emerged as a leading voice in shaping the BRICS agenda<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, advancing themes of de-dollarization, climate finance, digital governance, and global institutional reform.\u00a0<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>BRICS Pay <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and national currency settlement frameworks were discussed, though a common BRICS currency was ruled out.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A<\/span><b> BRICS Multilateral Guarantee (BMG)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> mechanism was launched by the New Development Bank (NDB) to mobilize private investment in infrastructure, climate, and sustainable development.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Improving India\u2013China relations:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A bilateral between PM Modi and Chinese President Xi Jinping led to agreements on:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><b>De-escalation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> along the Line of Actual Control (LAC), and<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Resumption of border patrols.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This may <\/span><b>restore investor confidence<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, particularly in electronics and manufacturing sectors.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">US Opposition to BRICS<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>BRICS as a growing power bloc: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With the addition of new members, BRICS now represents 45% of the global population and contributes 35% to global GDP.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Concerns over BRICS currency alternatives: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite early speculation, BRICS clarified it does not intend to replace the dollar, but rather aims to offer viable <\/span><b>alternative <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">settlement systems <\/span><b>to improve market efficiency and ensure inclusive globalisation.<\/b><\/li>\n<li><b>Trump\u2019s tariff threat:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">President Trump <\/span><b>warned of a 10% tariff <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">on any country aligning with BRICS\u2019 \u201canti-American policies\u201d.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He issued a stronger warning of a 100% tariff on BRICS nations if they move to reduce dollar usage in international trade.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>India\u2019s calibrated stand and resistance to Yuan\u2019s dominance:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li><b>External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIndia does not target the dollar, but explores alternative trade settlements due to practical constraints.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Yuan&#8217;s role in BRICS:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Yuan became the most traded currency in Russia, accounting for 90% of bilateral trade settlements.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>India\u2019s resistance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> India refused to use the yuan for Russian oil imports, indicating reluctance to accept Chinese monetary hegemony.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Conclusion<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/upsc-exam\/brics-summit-2025\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>BRICS Summit 2025<\/strong><\/a> marks a defining moment in <\/span><b>Global South-led multilateralism <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and highlights BRICS\u2019 growing relevance in shaping global discourse, <\/span><b>reinforcing BRICS as a credible alternative<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to Western-dominated institutions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India\u2019s proactive leadership at BRICS 2025 and forthcoming BRICS Presidency in 2026 <\/span><b>signals its growing influence in shaping a South-led multilateral order<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, with tangible gains across finance, climate, tech, and trade sectors.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">India\u2019s nuanced position on BRICS\u2019 financial initiatives reflects its pursuit of <\/span><b>strategic autonomy, economic de-risking, and multipolarity in global governance<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Source: <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/india-will-give-a-new-form-to-brics-grouping-in-2026-pm-modi\/article69784800.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><b>TH<\/b><\/a><b>\u00a0| <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newindianexpress.com\/business\/2025\/Jul\/07\/brics-summit-key-takeaways-for-indian-business#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><b>TNIE<\/b><\/a><b>\u00a0| <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/business\/donald-trump-additional-tariffs-countries-aligning-brics-anti-american-policies-10110772\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><b>IE<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The 17th BRICS Summit 2025 was recently concluded under the theme &#8220;Strengthening Global South Cooperation for a More Inclusive and Sustainable Governance&#8221;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":53914,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[1396,60,22,59],"class_list":{"0":"post-53904","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-mains-current-affairs","8":"tag-brics-ssmmit-2025","9":"tag-mains-articles","10":"tag-upsc-current-affairs","11":"tag-upsc-mains-current-affairs","12":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53904","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=53904"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53904\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/53914"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53904"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53904"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=53904"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}