


{"id":58149,"date":"2026-03-07T17:42:56","date_gmt":"2026-03-07T12:12:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=58149"},"modified":"2026-03-19T10:53:45","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T05:23:45","slug":"article-4-of-indian-constitution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-4-of-indian-constitution\/","title":{"rendered":"Article 4 of Indian Constitution, Interpretation, Significance"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 4 of the Constitution of India empowers Parliament to enact laws for the formation of new states or alteration of existing ones. Historic developments like the linguistic reorganization of states in the 1950s or the creation of Telangana in 2014 were carried out using the framework laid down under Article 4. It ensures that such changes are not only legally valid but also uphold democratic processes, thereby reinforcing India\u2019s flexible yet stable federal structure. In this article, we are going to cover Article 4 of the Constitution of India, its interpretation and its significance.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 4 of Indian Constitution History<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On November 18, 1948, Article 4 was discussed for the first time in the Assembly. The article states that the laws passed by the Parliament under Article 2 and Article 3 will not be counted as constitutional amendments. These two articles can be implemented by just a majority vote instead of opting for a special procedure. Shibban Lal Saksena, a member of the Indian National Congress from the United Provinces, voiced serious concerns during the Constituent Assembly debates about the implications of altering state boundaries. He emphasized that such decisions carried substantial national importance and should not be left to the discretion of a simple majority in Parliament. Saksena cautioned against the instability that could arise if successive governments frequently altered state boundaries. While other members, including Pattabhi Sitaramayya from Madras, shared similar reservations, no formal amendments were introduced. As a result, Article 4 was adopted into the Constitution in its original form, without any changes.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 4 of Indian Constitution Interpretation<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The constitution of India states the following about Article 4:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;Any law referred to in article 2 or article 3 shall contain such provisions for the amendment of the First Schedule and the Fourth Schedule as may be necessary to give effect to the provisions of the law and may also contain such supplemental, incidental and consequential provisions (including provisions as to representation in Parliament and in the Legislature or Legislatures of the State or States affected by such law) as Parliament may deem necessary.&#8221;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No such law as aforesaid shall be deemed to be an amendment of this Constitution for the purposes of article 368.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 4 of the Indian Constitution can be interpreted in the following manner:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The phrase \u201cAny law referred to in Article 2 or Article 3\u201d signifies that Article 4 of the Indian Constitution governs laws related to the admission of new states (Article 2) and the creation or alteration of states (Article 3).<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The clause \u201cshall contain such provisions for the amendment of the First Schedule and the Fourth Schedule\u201d makes it mandatory for such laws to appropriately update the First Schedule (which lists states and union territories) and the Fourth Schedule (which details Rajya Sabha seat allocation), ensuring constitutional alignment with the territorial changes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The expression \u201cas may be necessary to give effect to the provisions of the law\u201d underlines the need for all essential amendments that make the proposed changes legally and functionally effective.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The provision that the law \u201cmay also contain such supplemental, incidental and consequential provisions\u201d grants the authority to include additional provisions required for implementation such as adjustments in legislative representation, administrative arrangements, or jurisdictional boundaries\u2014thus enabling smooth execution of the reorganisation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 4 of Indian Constitution Significance\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 4 of the Indian Constitution reflects the dynamic and adaptable nature of the Constitution by empowering Parliament to create new states or alter the boundaries of existing ones through a simple majority and ordinary legislative procedure, rather than a constitutional amendment.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Parliament\u2019s Legislative Competence:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> It grants Parliament the exclusive authority to reorganize states like changing their names, boundaries, or status and ensuring administrative efficiency and responsiveness to evolving regional demands.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Not a Constitutional Amendment<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Laws enacted under Article 4 are not treated as constitutional amendments under Article 368, which simplifies the process and avoids procedural rigidity in matters of state reorganization.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Uphold Legal and Constitutional Coherence: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 4 ensures that necessary adjustments such as to the First and Fourth Schedules are made seamlessly to maintain constitutional consistency, enabling smooth and effective implementation of reorganization laws.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 4 of Indian Constitution Impact<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 4 of the Constitution of India has been used by the Parliament to enact important acts. In this table below, we show the states that are involved in the corresponding legislative acts:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 90.883%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 24.9986%;\"><strong>States Involved<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; width: 64.8695%;\"><strong>Acts<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assam<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assam (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1951: Altered boundaries by ceding a strip of area from India to Bhutan.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Andhra Pradesh<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Andhra State Act, 1953: Formed a new state by taking territory from Madras.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Himachal Pradesh<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Himachal Pradesh and Bilaspur (New State) Act, 1954: Merged Part C states of Himachal Pradesh and Bilaspur into one state.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">West Bengal<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bihar and West Bengal (Transfer of Territories) Act, 1956: Transferred certain territories from Bihar to West Bengal.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kerala<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">States Reorganisation Act, 1956: Formed new state of Kerala; merged states like Madhya Bharat, Pepsi, Saurashtra, Travancore Cochin, etc.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Madhya Pradesh<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh (Transfer of Territories) Act, 1959: Transferred certain territories from Rajasthan to Madhya Pradesh.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Andhra Pradesh<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Andhra Pradesh and Madras (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1959: Altered boundaries of Andhra Pradesh and Madras.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gujarat and Maharashtra<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960: Partitioned Bombay into Gujarat and Maharashtra.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assam, Punjab, and West Bengal<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Acquired Territories (Merger) Act, 1960: Merged territories acquired from Pakistan into Assam, West Bengal, and Punjab.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nagaland<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State of Nagaland Act, 1962: Formed a new state of Nagaland from the Naga Hills-Tuensang Area.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Punjab and Haryana<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966: Split Punjab into Punjab, Haryana, and union territory of Chandigarh.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Andhra Pradesh and Mysore<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Andhra Pradesh and Mysore (Transfer of Territory) Act, 1968: Transferred territory from Mysore to Andhra Pradesh.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bihar and Uttar Pradesh<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bihar and Uttar Pradesh (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1968: Altered boundaries between Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Meghalaya<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assam Reorganisation (Meghalaya) Act, 1969: Created autonomous sub-state Meghalaya within Assam.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Himachal Pradesh<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State of Himachal Pradesh Act, 1970: Upgraded Himachal Pradesh from Union Territory to state status.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">North Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971: Upgraded Manipur, Tripura, Meghalaya to states; Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh to Union Territories.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sikkim<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">35th Amendment Act, 1974: Admitted Sikkim as a state; 36th Amendment Act, 1975: Introduced Article 371F for special protections.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Haryana and Uttar Pradesh<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Haryana and Uttar Pradesh (Alteration of Boundaries) Act, 1979: Altered boundaries between Haryana and Uttar Pradesh.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mizoram<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State of Mizoram Act, 1986: Elevated Mizoram from Union Territory to state status.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Arunachal Pradesh<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State of Arunachal Pradesh Act, 1986: Upgraded Arunachal Pradesh from Union Territory to state status.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Goa<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Goa, Daman, and Diu Reorganisation Act, 1987: Formed the state of Goa, separating it from Daman and Diu.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chhattisgarh<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000: Created new state of Chhattisgarh from Madhya Pradesh.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uttaranchal<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uttar Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000: Separated Uttaranchal from Uttar Pradesh.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jharkhand<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000: Created a new state of Jharkhand from Bihar.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 24.9986%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Telangana<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.8695%;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014: Separated Telangana from Andhra Pradesh.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; 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height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-48-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 48 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-143-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 143 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-326-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 326 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-124-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 124 of indian constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-45-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 45 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-41-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 41 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-160-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 160 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-340-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 340 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-43b-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 43b of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-156-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 156 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-144-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 144 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-365-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 365 of Indian Constitution<\/a><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-201-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 201 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-140-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 140 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-35-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 35 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-166-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 166 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-102-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 102 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-83-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 83 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-88-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 88 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-28-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 28 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-103-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 103 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-36-of-the-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 36 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-62-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 62 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-82-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 82 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-97-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 97 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-224-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 224 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-251-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 251 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-13-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 13 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-29-and-30-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 29 &amp; 30 of Indian Constitution <\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-15-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 15 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-4-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 4 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-85-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 85 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-27-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 27 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-238-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 238 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-312-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 312 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-137-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 137 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-118-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 118 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-353-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 353 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-111-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 111 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-113-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 113 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-76-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 76 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-44-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 44 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-50-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong><span data-sheets-root=\"1\">Article 50 of Indian Constitution<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-295-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 295 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-194-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 194 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-39-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 39 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-191-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 191 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-20-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 20 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-16-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 16 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 25px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 53.5217%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-67-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 67 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 60.4159%; height: 25px; text-align: center;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-40-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 40 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 0px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 113.938%; height: 10px; text-align: center;\" colspan=\"2\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/article-78-of-indian-constitution\/\" target=\"_blank\">Article 78 of Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Article 4 of the Indian Constitution empowers Parliament to reorganize states with a simple majority, enabling boundary changes without a constitutional amendment.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":56655,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[786],"tags":[2016],"class_list":{"0":"post-58149","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-general-studies","8":"tag-article-4-of-indian-constitution","9":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58149","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58149"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58149\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":93577,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58149\/revisions\/93577"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/56655"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58149"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58149"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58149"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}