{"id":5908,"date":"2022-12-15T07:34:36","date_gmt":"2022-12-15T02:04:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/?p=5908"},"modified":"2025-03-27T11:37:48","modified_gmt":"2025-03-27T06:07:48","slug":"rare-earth-minerals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/rare-earth-minerals\/","title":{"rendered":"Rare Earth Minerals"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>About Rare Earth Minerals:<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Rare Earth Elements or Rare Earth Metals are a set of 17 elements in the periodic table \u2014 the 15 lanthanides, plus scandium and yttrium, which tend to occur in the same ore deposits as the lanthanides, and <strong>have similar chemical properties.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>They are used in production in a huge number of sectors, including renewable energy technology, oil refinery, electronics, and the glass industry.<\/li>\n<li>Rare Earth elements are used in space shuttle components, jet engine turbines, and drones.\u00a0\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Cerium<\/strong>, the most abundant Rare Earth element, is essential to NASA\u2019s Space Shuttle Programme.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Although called &#8220;rare&#8221;, they are actually found relatively abundantly in the Earth&#8217;s crust.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>However, they are hazardous to extract, and there are relatively few places in the world that mine or produce them.<\/li>\n<li>According to the Rare Earth Technology Alliance (RETA), the estimated size of the Rare Earth sector is between $10 billion and $15 billion. About 100,000-110,000 tonnes of Rare Earth elements are produced annually around the world.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Reserves of Rare Earth Minerals:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>China has the largest reserve (37 percent), followed by Brazil and Vietnam (18 percent each), Russia (15 percent), and the remaining countries (12 percent).<\/li>\n<li>India has the world\u2019s fifth-largest reserves of rare earth elements (contributing a total value of nearly $200 billion to the Indian economy), nearly twice as much as Australia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><strong>Q1)\u00a0<\/strong><strong>What is lanthanide contraction?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Lanthanide contraction is the steady decrease in atomic and ionic size of lanthanides as their atomic number increases.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1883492\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">PIB<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rare Earth Minerals are a set of 17 metallic elements including 15  lanthanides, scandium &#038; yttrium.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":5909,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-5908","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-upsc-prelims-current-affairs","8":"no-featured-image-padding"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5908","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5908"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5908\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5909"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5908"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5908"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vajiramandravi.com\/current-affairs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5908"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}